Robinson v. Robinson

961 S.W.2d 292, 1997 Tex. App. LEXIS 3244, 1997 WL 333831
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedJune 19, 1997
Docket01-94-01090-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by52 cases

This text of 961 S.W.2d 292 (Robinson v. Robinson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Robinson v. Robinson, 961 S.W.2d 292, 1997 Tex. App. LEXIS 3244, 1997 WL 333831 (Tex. Ct. App. 1997).

Opinions

OPINION

HUTSON-DUNN, Justice (Assigned).

The appellant, Elton Ray Robinson (Elton), appeals from a portion of the trial court’s judgment finding that he must pay the appellee, Ann Louise Brunn (Ann), $6,000 under the provisions of the parties’ divorce agreement, and that he is not entitled to any additional reimbursement for tax savings received by Ann for tax years 1988 and 1989.

In nine points of error, Elton argues the trial court committed error by concluding as a matter of law that Ann’s claim to $6,000 under the terms of the divorce agreement is not barred by waiver or estoppel, and Elton’s acceptance of Ann’s payment of a portion of the tax savings she received on her 1988 and 1989 tax returns constituted a waiver of any remaining amounts due him for those years under the terms of the divorce agreement.

We affirm in part and reverse and remand in part.

Summary of Facts

The parties were married on September 2, 1980, and the trial court entered a final decree of divorce on September 21,1987. Both parties entered into an agreement incident to the divorce providing for a division of the marital estate. The divorce agreement provides in relevant part:

4.03 Assets Awarded to ANN LOUISE ROBINSON.
[295]*295[[Image here]]
7. $12,000.00 cash to be paid by [Elton] to [Ann], at the rate of $1,000.00 per month for twelve months.

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4.08 Prior Tax Years.

[Elton] shall be responsible for all federal income tax deficiencies, including any penalties and interest thereon for tax years during the marriage. With this obligation also comes the right of [Elton] to any tax refund claim which may arise for any year of their marriage prior to the year of divorce.

[A]ny tax deductions and tax credits arising from a year while the parties were married and not fully utilized in any of those years of marriage shall be awarded to [Elton]. Even though it is recognized that federal income tax law requires that most of the carryforward amount of unused tax deductions and credits be divided one-half to each party, the purpose is to enrich [Elton] with any future benefits derived by either party from the use of these carryforward amounts. To the extent that [Ann] has her federal income tax liability lowered because of the judicious use of these carryforward items, she shall pay to [Elton] within six (6) months from the date of filing her income tax return or ten (10) days after receiving any tax refund, whichever is later, an amount equal to the income tax saved by using these carryfor-ward items. [Elton] or his representative shall have the right to annually inspect [Ann’s] federal income tax returns until the carryforward amounts have been exhausted.

5.13 Amendment or Modification

This agreement may be amended or modified only by a written instrument signed by both parties.

In January 1993, Elton filed a petition in small claims court asserting that Ann owed him reimbursement for tax savings she received by applying capital losses accruing during the marriage to her income tax returns for 1988 and 1989. In February 1993, Ann filed a motion for enforcement and clarification of the divorce agreement in district court, claiming Elton still owed her payment of $6,000 under section 4.03(7) of the divorce agreement. Elton filed a response to Ann’s motion in district court, and also filed a motion to enforce the property award, reasserting his claim for reimbursement of the tax savings. The parties then agreed to consolidate their actions in a bench trial at the district court.

At trial, the parties stipulated that Ann applied investment tax credit carryforwards earned before the divorce in preparing her amended 1988 tax return and 1989 return. The parties also stipulated the amount of tax savings gained by Ann was $2,464 for 1988 and $2,954 for 1989, a total of $5,418.

After filing her amended 1988 and 1989 tax returns, Ann received a refund check for those years from the Internal Revenue Service totalling $3,607. She then endorsed the refund check over to Elton and left it with his accountant in June 1990. Elton deposited the check. Under the terms of the divorce agreement, her endorsement of the refund check left a remaining total of $1,811 owed to Elton for the tax savings taken in 1988 and 1989. Elton testified he never indicated to Ann that she did not have to repay him the full amount of this tax savings. Ann testified that when she received the IRS refund check and signed it over to Elton, she was not informed she owed him any additional amount for her 1988 and 1989 tax savings.

Elton testified that the first time he knew Ann owed him additional money for her use of the tax credit carryforwards was on August 6, 1992, when he received a letter from his accountant, Bill Hollé. Hollé acted as accountant to both Elton and Ann for some time after the divorce. Hollé informed Elton that of the total savings Ann received on her 1988 and 1989 taxes due to the application of tax credits earned during the marriage, $1,811 remained outstanding. Holle’s letter was introduced with a summary attached showing the amount of tax savings gained by Ann, the amount repaid to Elton, and the remaining amount still due to Elton. On September 30, 1992, Elton’s attorney sent Ann a letter informing her of the amount she [296]*296owed him under the divorce agreement for the tax savings.

The trial court entered findings of fact and conclusions of law. The trial court concluded Elton’s acceptance of Ann’s $3,607 payment waived his right to any further reimbursement for the 1988 and 1989 tax savings because he did not protest the amount of Ann’s payment or ask for the remainder due at that time. The trial court also found Ann owed Elton $900 for additional tax savings she received in 1990 and 1991. Neither party contests the trial court’s findings concerning the reimbursement amount Ann owed Elton for the 1990 and 1991 tax savings.

Evidence was also presented concerning the payments under the “temporary support” provision of the divorce agreement. In a handwritten letter dated March 6, 1988, Ann wrote to Elton, as follows:

Dear Ray,
All day I’ve wanted desperately to call you. When I looked into your eyes this morning in church, the pain there broke my heart and I can’t help reaching out. I didn’t have the courage to talk to you on the phone, so I’m writing this note. If you tear it up or burn it, I’ll never have to know.
But I must know if the pain is caused by anything I can change. If it’s money, stop paying me. I’ll sign papers if I need to, or you can use this note — it’s in my writing, and I’ll sign it. I’ll pay for the wallpaper, and you can have the T.V. There is no thing in the world that’s worth hating another person for.
I know you told me in your letter not to ever try to contact you again, and that you didn’t believe anything I say. But I felt so strongly the tug in my heart, I couldn’t help it. As I said, you can tear this up and never acknowledge it. I’ll get the message.
But I still do care about you so very much. Maybe I always will, I don’t know. And I’ve never lied to you, no matter what you believe.

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Bluebook (online)
961 S.W.2d 292, 1997 Tex. App. LEXIS 3244, 1997 WL 333831, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/robinson-v-robinson-texapp-1997.