Webber v. Smith

632 P.2d 998, 129 Ariz. 495, 1981 Ariz. App. LEXIS 489
CourtCourt of Appeals of Arizona
DecidedAugust 18, 1981
Docket1 CA-CIV 4762
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 632 P.2d 998 (Webber v. Smith) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Arizona primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Webber v. Smith, 632 P.2d 998, 129 Ariz. 495, 1981 Ariz. App. LEXIS 489 (Ark. Ct. App. 1981).

Opinions

OPINION

FROEB, Judge.

Appellees Charles and lone Webber (Webbers) sued appellants Robert and Muriel Smith and Security Roofing & Construction Corporation (collectively referred to as Smiths) over the rights of the parties under an agreement for the sale of stock and also for an accounting for alleged improper management and disposition of corporate assets. Several counterclaims were filed, the most relevant to this appeal being appellant Security Roofing’s claim against the Webbers for damages for the value of a motorcycle and truck owned by Security Roofing but held by the Webbers, and appellants Smiths’ claim against the Webbers for wrongful attachment.

The factual context in which this lawsuit arose is as follows. In 1964, after working in the office of Security Roofing in a semi-managerial capacity, Charles Webber was presented an agreement in which the Smiths agreed to sell him 1,000 of the 3,000 outstanding shares of Security Roofing for the price of $20.00 per share. The agreement specified that Webber would be paid one-third of the net profits of the company beginning January 1, 1964, and those amounts would be credited against the purchase price of the stock. It further specified that the stock-purchase transaction would continue until Webber left the corporation or all 1,000 shares were purchased.

Webber was employed by Security Roofing until 1970, when he quit. The net profit for 1964 through 1966 was $19,433.90, $25,047.09, and $24,863.15, respectively. One-third of these totaled amounts exceeds $20,000.00 — the purchase price of the stock. The stock, however was never delivered to the Webbers and this lawsuit was instituted by them to recover the shares and to obtain an accounting.

The matter was tried to the court and judgment was entered denying all relief to the Webbers on their complaint and all relief to the Smiths on the counterclaims.1 The trial court found:

[497]*4971. That the plaintiffs Charles Webber and lone Webber made an offer to buy one thousand (1,000) shares of stock of the Security Roofing and Construction Corp., and the defendants Robert V. Smith and Muriel Smith agreed to sell to the plaintiffs one thousand (1,000) shares of Security Roofing and Construction Corp. stock.
2. That the stock was never paid for by the plaintiffs Charles Webber and lone Webber and the stock was never delivered by the defendants Robert V. Smith and Muriel Smith to the plaintiffs Webber.

An appeal was then filed and, on June 16, 1977, this court, by memorandum decision, vacated and remanded the case to the trial court for additional specific and material findings. See Webber v. Smith, 1 CA-CIV 3094 (Ariz.App. June 16, 1977). In that decision, the court stated that as far as payment on the stock-purchase plan was concerned, it was immaterial that the income was not actually paid out to the Webbers and then paid back to Security Roofing. As the court stated:

The disposition of this income was within the control of the [Smiths], and therefore they cannot rely upon their failure to apply it in accordance with the intent of the parties’ agreement as indicating a failure on the [Webbers’] part to pay for the stock.

Slip op. at 4. This court then noted that a crucial evidentiary question on remand would be whether the contract was rescinded or abandoned. Although a new trial was not ordered, the decision provided that the new findings could be based on existing or additional evidence.

On remand, without taking additional testimony, the superior court entered findings and conclusions of law and held for the Webbers. It is apparent that following our rejection of the trial court’s original premise (that the money and stock had to physically change hands), a review of the evidence persuaded the trial judge that there had not been an abandonment or rescission of the contract. Therefore, the trial court found the Webbers to be owners of one-third of the company stock and ordered an accounting. In addition, the court dismissed several counterclaims filed by the Smiths and found the Smiths’ counterclaim as to the motorcycle and truck to be moot. This second judgment is the subject of this appeal.

The Smiths now raise four issues: (1) Whether abandonment or rescission of the stock-purchase contract must be proven by clear and convincing evidence; (2) if the burden of proof is by a mere preponderance, whether the evidence presented on abandonment or rescission met that standard; (3) whether the trial court erred in finding the counterclaim for the value of the motorcycle and truck moot; and (4) whether the trial court erred in finding no damages on the Smiths’ wrongful attachment claim.

Turning to the first issue, we are not referred to an Arizona decision ruling on this question. There is a minority view that a preponderance of the evidence is sufficient to prove an oral rescission of a written contract. E. g., Sullivan v. Mosner, 266 Md. 479, 295 A.2d 482 (1972); Vocke v. Third National Bank & Trust Co., 28 Ohio Misc. 58, 267 N.E.2d 606 (1971); see Annot., 94 A.L.R. 1278 (1935) (degree or quantum of evidence required to establish oral rescission or modification of written contract). There is little reason given for adopting this standard other than that is the usual civil rule. E. g., Cleveland Metal Bed Co. v. Kutz, 27 Ohio App. 245, 160 N.E. 725 (1927). The minority view has been adopted by only a small number of courts; in fact, at least one jurisdiction following the minority rule appears to have reversed itself. Compare Knight v. Gulf Refining Co., 311 Pa. 357, 166 A. 880 (1933) with Nicolella v. Palmer, 432 Pa. 502, 248 A.2d 20 (1968).

The view adopted by a majority of jurisdictions is that an oral rescission of a written contract must be proven by clear and convincing evidence. E. g., Centex [498]*498Construction Co. v. James, 374 F.2d 921 (8th Cir. 1967); Grizzly Bar, Inc. v. Hartman, 169 Colo. 178, 454 P.2d 788 (1969); Resource Engineering, Inc. v. Silar, 94 Idaho 935, 500 P.2d 836 (1972); Jenson v. Olson, 144 Mont. 224, 395 P.2d 465 (1964); A & P Const., Co. v. Dorn, 79 N.M. 292, 442 P.2d 782 (1968); Clark County Sports Enterprises, Inc. v. Las Vegas, 606 P.2d 171 (Nev. 1980); Bredouw v. Wilson, 208 Okl. 393, 256 P.2d 421 (1953); Mathis v. Thunderbird Village, Inc., 236 Or. 425, 389 P.2d 343 (1963). As one case has stated:

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Webber v. Smith
632 P.2d 998 (Court of Appeals of Arizona, 1981)

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Bluebook (online)
632 P.2d 998, 129 Ariz. 495, 1981 Ariz. App. LEXIS 489, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/webber-v-smith-arizctapp-1981.