State v. Linn

539 N.W.2d 435, 248 Neb. 809, 1995 Neb. LEXIS 219
CourtNebraska Supreme Court
DecidedNovember 17, 1995
DocketS-94-290
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 539 N.W.2d 435 (State v. Linn) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Nebraska Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Linn, 539 N.W.2d 435, 248 Neb. 809, 1995 Neb. LEXIS 219 (Neb. 1995).

Opinions

Fahrnbruch, J.

Dixie A. Linn claims that the Hall County Court erred in sentencing her for driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI), third offense, because the State’s evidence was insufficient to prove an earlier DUI conviction.

Specifically, Linn’s sole contention is that one of the records of an alleged prior conviction offered by the State in support of sentence enhancement was insufficient for such purposes because it was not signed by a judge.

We agree with Linn; we vacate her sentence for third-offense DUI and remand the cause to the district court for. Hall County with direction to remand the cause to the Hall County Court for further proceedings.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

On a claim of insufficiency of the evidence, an appellate court, viewing and construing the evidence most favorably to the State, will not set aside a finding of a previous conviction for the purposes of sentence enhancement supported by relevant evidence. See, State v. Marks, ante p. 592, 537 N.W.2d 339 (1995); State v. Cisneros, ante p. 372, 535 N.W.2d 703 (1995); [811]*811State v. Derry, ante p. 260, 534 N.W.2d 302 (1995).

FACTS

Linn, with counsel present, pled guilty to DUI in Hall County Court on December 2, 1993. At an enhancement hearing held the same day, the State entered into evidence two exhibits purporting to show two earlier convictions for DUI.

Exhibit 1 contains a copy of a complaint for DUI filed against Linn in Hall County Court on June 2, 1992. The third and fourth pages consist of a checklist labeled “Journal Entry.” The checklist reflects that Linn appeared with counsel, was apprised of her constitutional rights, and entered a plea of guilty on October 2, 1992. The checklist also shows that Linn stipulated that the June 2 offense was her second DUI offense.

The checklist is signed by the judge, stamped on its face with the seal of the court, and, on the reverse, bears the seal of the Hall County Court clerk attesting that it is a true copy of an original document on file with the court. Linn did not object to exhibit l’s admission into evidence and assigns no error regarding that exhibit.

Exhibit 2 contains a copy of a complaint for DUI filed against Linn in Hall County Court on December 10, 1991. The third and fourth pages also consist of a two-page checklist titled “Journal Entry.” This checklist reflects that Linn appeared with counsel, was apprised of her constitutional rights, and entered a guilty plea to DUI.

In contrast to exhibit 1, exhibit 2 fails to reflect that the “Journal Entry” was signed by a judge. The county clerk certified that exhibit 2 is “a true copy of the original on file with this court.” The court’s seal is affixed to that certification. Exhibit 2 was received into evidence without objection. After receiving it into evidence, the court noted the lack of a judge’s signature on the “Journal Entry.”

The court then found Linn guilty of DUI, third offense, and sentenced her to 3 months in jail, fined her $500, assessed costs to her, and revoked her motor vehicle operator’s license for a period of 15 years.

Linn appealed to the district court for Hall County, claiming that the State’s evidence was insufficient to support a conviction [812]*812for third-offense DUI because exhibit 2 lacked the signature of a judge. The district court affirmed the judgment of the county court.

Linn appealed to the Nebraska Court of Appeals, arguing that because the journal entry contained in exhibit 2 was not signed by a judge, the district court erred in not finding that the State failed to prove a valid conviction for sentence enhancement. The Court of Appeals’ panel, in a two to one decision, affirmed the district court’s holding. State v. Linn, 3 Neb. App. 332, 526 N.W.2d 683 (1995). After Linn’s timely petition, we granted further review.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

Restated, Linn’s sole contention is that the Court of Appeals erred in finding that a sentence for DUI may be enhanced by an earlier conviction where the evidence of the conviction fails to show that a judge signed the judgment or that the judgment was properly filed in the convicting court.

ANALYSIS

The question before us is whether the “Journal Entry” contained in exhibit 2 is sufficient evidence to prove a conviction in order to enhance a sentence for DUI.

In a proceeding to enhance a sentence because of prior convictions, the State has the burden to prove such prior convictions. State v. Ristau, 245 Neb. 52, 511 N.W.2d 83 (1994); State v. Nowicki, 239 Neb. 130, 474 N.W.2d 478 (1991).

In order to establish evidence’s sufficient probative force to prove an earlier conviction for the purpose of sentence enhancement, the evidence must, with some trustworthiness, reflect a court’s act of rendering judgment. See Neb. Rev. Stat. § 27-901 (Reissue 1989). Exhibit 1 does this, and exhibit 2 does not.

Exhibit 1 contains a journal entry signed by the judge, stamped on its face with the court’s seal, and certified by the court clerk that it is a true copy of an original document on file with the court. The judge’s signature and the court’s seal reflect the court’s act of rendering judgment, and the document’s origin is supported by the court clerk’s certification that it is a true [813]*813copy of an original document on file with the court. See, Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-2729(3) (Reissue 1989); § 27-901.

In contrast, exhibit 2 is not signed by a judge. It bears only the certification of the Hall County Court clerk that it is a true copy of a document found in the court’s files. The court clerk’s certification stamp attesting to the accuracy of the copy provided is of little value in weighing the document’s probative weight when its contents are not supported by a judge’s signature. As such, we agree with Linn that exhibit 2 fails to reflect the judicial act of rendering judgment and is insufficient to prove an earlier conviction for the purposes of sentence enhancement.

We note, however, that exhibit 1 shows that Linn stipulated at her October 2, 1992, trial that the June 2 DUI offense was her second DUI offense. There is no requirement that the State prove a prior conviction by a transcript of the judgment if the defendant admits that he or she was, in fact, convicted as alleged in the complaint. Ristau, supra; State v. Smyth, 217 Neb. 153, 347 N.W.2d 859 (1984). In Linn’s case, there is no evidence in the record that the trial court asked Linn if she had, or waived, counsel at the conviction proceedings to which she stipulated.

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State v. Linn
539 N.W.2d 435 (Nebraska Supreme Court, 1995)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
539 N.W.2d 435, 248 Neb. 809, 1995 Neb. LEXIS 219, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-linn-neb-1995.