Paulson v. Lapa, Inc.

450 N.W.2d 374, 1990 Minn. App. LEXIS 96, 1990 WL 3406
CourtCourt of Appeals of Minnesota
DecidedJanuary 23, 1990
DocketC8-89-1313
StatusPublished
Cited by16 cases

This text of 450 N.W.2d 374 (Paulson v. Lapa, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Minnesota primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Paulson v. Lapa, Inc., 450 N.W.2d 374, 1990 Minn. App. LEXIS 96, 1990 WL 3406 (Mich. Ct. App. 1990).

Opinions

OPINION

WILLIAM J. FLEMING, Judge.

Respondent Charlene Paulson, widow of decedent Wayne Paulson, brought a dram shop action against appellant Lapa, Inc., d/b/a Glacial Trail Club (the club) for damages resulting from the death of her husband in a one-car automobile accident.

Following a two-day trial, the jury found that the club had sold alcoholic beverages to decedent after he was obviously intoxicated; that the sale of alcoholic beverages to decedent caused or contributed to his intoxication; that the sale was a direct cause of his death; and that the percentage of fault attributable to the club for decedent’s injuries was 50%. The jury also found that decedent was negligent, and that the percentage of fault attributable to him was also 50%.

The jury awarded $110,000 for loss of support, and $90,000 for past and future pecuniary loss. The $90,000 for pecuniary loss was reduced by decedent’s percentage of fault, resulting in a total award of $155,-000, plus interest. Judgment was entered in favor of decedent’s widow and two young sons for $159,848.83. The club appeals from the judgment entered pursuant to the jury verdict.

Respondent Charlene Paulson also filed a notice of review with this court pursuant to Minn.R.Civ.App.P. 106, seeking review of the trial court’s imputation of the negligence of decedent to' the surviving family members.

We affirm the jury’s award of damages against the club. We hold that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in rejecting appellant’s proposed jury instruction regarding the dram shop’s obligation to determine the extent of decedent’s intoxication. We hold that the trial court was correct in refusing to reduce the jury’s award for loss of support damages by the percentage of decedent’s fault. We reverse the trial court, however, on the issue' of reducing the amount awarded to the non-negligent dependents for pecuniary [377]*377damage by the percentage of decedent’s comparative fault.

PACTS

Wayne Paulson was last seen alive on the evening of Friday, August 23, 1985, at the Glacial Trail Club. He consumed an unknown number of strong beers at the club, and left the club sometime after 10:30 p.m. He did not arrive home after leaving the club, and his body was not found until the following Monday, August 26, floating in a "slough” or swampy area located on a direct route between the club and his home. His car left the road and came to rest in 7-10 feet of water; his body was discovered approximately 20-25 feet from the edge of the slough.

Paulson’s widow, Charlene Paulson, brought a dram shop action against the club on behalf of herself and her two sons. Pre-trial summary judgment motions were denied, and the matter was tried before a jury in Swift County beginning on May 16, 1989.

Plaintiffs called a number of witnesses to establish that Wayne Paulson was "obviously intoxicated” at the time that he was being served beers at the club. The club also called a number of witnesses who had seen Paulson at the club. There was conflicting testimony regarding the extent of Paulson’s intoxication and the time that he left the club that evening.

The deputy county coroner, Dr. Lyle Munneke, testified by deposition that when Paulson’s body was discovered, it had been in the water at least 24 hours, and probably longer. A forensic toxicologist also testified to the blood alcohol level in a sample taken from Paulson’s body (.20), noting that the blood alcohol level would remain constant once death occurred, since the liver would no longer operate to metabolize the alcohol.

In addition to trying to establish that Paulson was not obviously intoxicated while at the club, the defense was based on the theory that Paulson may have gone somewhere else after leaving the club, and that he drank again between Saturday morning and Sunday afternoon, and drove his car into the slough on the way home from this other location. The only evidence that tended to support this theory was a phone call which Charlene Paulson received at 10:00 p.m. on Saturday night, before her husband’s body had been found. The caller stayed on the line for about a minute, but did not say anything. Mrs. Paulson, thinking it might be her missing husband, spoke to the caller as if it was her husband, and pleaded with him to come home. The caller hung up without saying anything, however, and there was no other evidence to establish the identity of the “phantom caller.” No other evidence was presented by the defense to support the theory that Paulson had been drinking somewhere else before the accident that resulted in his death.

By special verdict, the jury found that the club had sold alcoholic beverages to Wayne Paulson when he was obviously intoxicated; that this sale caused or contributed to his intoxication; that the sale was a direct cause of his death; that Paulson himself was negligent; and that his own negligence was also a direct cause of his death. The jury attributed 50% of the total fault to Wayne Paulson and 50% to the club. They awarded $110,000 for loss of means of support, and $90,000 for pecuniary loss.

The trial judge reduced the pecuniary loss award by the percentage of'Wayne Paulson’s fault, resulting in a total award of $155,000 plus interest. The court denied the club’s motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and their request for a new trial, as well as Charlene Paulson’s motion to figure damages without any imputation of fault on the pecuniary loss. Judgment was entered on the jury award, and the club filed its notice of appeal on June 26, 1989.

ISSUES

1. Did the trial court err in refusing to give a curative instruction on the issue of the club’s obligation to take affirmative action to determine the extent of decedent’s intoxication?

[378]*3782. Did the trial court err in refusing to reduce the amount awarded for loss of support by the percentage of decedent’s fault?

3. Did the trial court err in applying the comparative fault statute to reduce the amount awarded for pecuniary damages by the percentage of decedent’s fault?

ANALYSIS

I.

Appellant’s first argument on appeal is that a new trial should be granted because the trial court failed to give a curative instruction in response to what appellant claims was an “erroneous statement of the law” by counsel for respondent Charlene Paulson.

In his opening statement, and again in his closing argument, counsel for respondent highlighted the testimony of Faye Sandvig, the club’s manager, who was tending bar on the evening of August 23, 1985. Essentially, Sandvig testified that although she served beer to Wayne Paul-son, she did not know how many she had served him, nor did she observe his condition as he sat at the bar. She stated that she did not look into Paulson’s eyes, nor did she pay attention to his facial expression.

In closing arguments, respondent’s counsel alluded to Sandvig’s testimony several times, emphasizing how “unfair” it would be to allow the club to escape liability by what counsel characterized as an affirmative choice to ignore the condition of patrons.

Counsel for the club requested a “curative instruction” to the effect that the club’s employees had no affirmative obligation to determine the extent of a patron’s intoxication under the “obvious intoxication” standard. The trial court refused to give the requested instruction.

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Paulson v. Lapa, Inc.
450 N.W.2d 374 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 1990)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
450 N.W.2d 374, 1990 Minn. App. LEXIS 96, 1990 WL 3406, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/paulson-v-lapa-inc-minnctapp-1990.