Orillion v. Crawford

964 So. 2d 950, 2005 La.App. 1 Cir. 0559, 2006 La. App. LEXIS 1933, 2006 WL 2521450
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedSeptember 1, 2006
DocketNo. 2005 CA 0559
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 964 So. 2d 950 (Orillion v. Crawford) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Orillion v. Crawford, 964 So. 2d 950, 2005 La.App. 1 Cir. 0559, 2006 La. App. LEXIS 1933, 2006 WL 2521450 (La. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinions

PETTIGREW, J.

Un this case, plaintiff, Susan Orillion, individually and as the administratrix of the succession of Gerald Orillion, appeals from an adverse trial court judgment in favor of defendant, Department of Revenue and Taxation, State of Louisiana (“the Department”), maintaining the assessment by the Louisiana Board of Tax Appeals (“the Board”) against Mrs. Orillion for Louisiana income taxes owed on a personal injury damage award. For the reasons that follow, we reverse and remand.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

Gerald Orillion suffered brain damage in a serious automobile accident in 1988. In 1992, Mr. Orillion, his wife, Susan, and their minor child, Caleb, were awarded damages totaling $415,000.00. See Orillion v. Carter, 93-1190 (La.App. 1 Cir. [952]*9526/24/94), 639 So.2d 461, writs denied, 94-2289 (La.11/18/94), 646 So.2d 384 and 94-2272 (La.11/18/94), 650 So.2d 240. In said suit, the trial court assessed 50 percent of the fault against Rennie Carter and his insurer, State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company, and 50 percent of the fault against the State of Louisiana, through the Department of Transportation and Development. The State paid its half of the judgment, with accrued judicial interest, and State Farm paid its $100,000.00 limit and accrued interest. Relying on tax laws current at that time, the Orillions paid no state or federal income taxes on their damage awards. Mr. Orillion died on October 2, 1996, and Mrs. Orillion became the administratrix of his estate.

On November 25, 1996, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) assessed the Or-illions for their 1994-1995 income tax in the amount of $11,595.73 for 1994 and $26,806.43 for 1995. The basis for the assessments was the Orillions’ failure to report the interest on the $415,000.00 judgment as income. Mrs. Orillion paid the federal assessments totaling $38,402.16 on December 20,1996.

On October 24, 1997, the Department assessed the Orillions additional taxes, penalties, and interest of $1,865.07 for 1994 and $3,150.23 for 1995. This was based upon a report from the IRS showing taxes owed by the Orillions.

|3In response to the Department’s assessments, Mrs. Orillion filed an appeal with the Board, which appeal was denied following a hearing. In a judgment signed September 22, 1999, the Board dismissed Mrs. Orillion’s appeal and maintained the Department’s assessments.

Mrs. Orillion subsequently filed a petition with the 19th Judicial District Court seeking review of the Board’s September 22, 1999 judgment. In said petition, Mrs. Orillion prayed for judgment reversing the Board’s opinion and dismissing the Department’s assessments. Mrs. Orillion further asked that La. R.S. 47:290, et seq., be declared unconstitutional. In response, the Department filed an exception raising the objection of no right of action as to that portion of Mrs. Orillion’s petition for judicial review that requested a judgment declaring La. R.S. 47:290, et seq., unconstitutional. On December 17, 2002, the trial court sustained the Department’s exception raising the objection of no right of action and dismissed Mrs. Orillion’s action for declaratory relief.

Thereafter, Mrs. Orillion’s remaining claims proceeded to hearing on November 18, 2004, at which time the matter was argued and submitted. After considering the record evidence and applicable law, the trial court affirmed the Board’s judgment. On November 29, 2004, the trial court signed a judgment in accordance with its findings.

It is from this judgment that Mrs. Oril-lion has appealed, assigning the following specifications of error:

1. The trial court erred in dismissing on an exception raising the objection of no right of action, Appellant’s request for declaratory judgment that R.S. [In Matter of Application of Glagola for Review of Disciplinary Action Taken by the New York Stock Exchange Inc.,] 47 Sec. 290[, 1980 WL 26906 (May 21, 1980)], et seq. adopts the U.S. Revenue Code by reference in violation of the Louisiana Constitution, Article III, Section 15(B).1

[953]*9532. The trial court erred in not holding R.S. 47 Sec. 290, et seq., adopt[s] the United States Revenue Code by reference, in violation of the Louisiana Constitution, Art. Ill, Section 15[ (B) ].

3. The trial court erred in affirming the decision of the Board of Tax Appeals which adopted the case of Brabson v. U.S., 73 F.3rd 1040 (10th Cir. 1966[1996]), ignoring the Louisiana law found in Civil Code Article 2000 requiring that 14payments for late payment of an obligation to pay a sum of money under Civil Code Article 2315 are damages measured by interest, not interest, and therefore not included in taxable income ....

4. The trial court erred in affirming the decision of the Board of Tax Appeals which ignored the fact that interest on obligations of the State of Louisiana are not taxable income under State Revenue laws, R.S. 47 Sec[.] 48.

DISCUSSION

The first legal issue we address involves Mrs. Orillion’s first two assignments of error, wherein she alleges the trial court erred in maintaining the peremptory exception raising the objection of no right of action filed by the Department, depriving her of the right to challenge the constitutionality of La. R.S. 47:290, et seq. For the reasons set forth below, we find the trial court erred in maintaining said exception.

Initially, we must address the Department’s argument that the trial court lacked jurisdiction to consider the constitutional issues raised by Mrs. Orillion. The Department notes as follows: “Since the Board of Tax Appeals does not have the authority to decide the constitutionality of a statute and the 19th Judicial District Court can only review the decisions of the Board, the constitutionality of La. R.S. 47:290, et seq. is not subject to Judicial Review pursuant to La. R.S. 47:1434.”

The substance of La. R.S. 47:1434-36 clearly establishes that a district court’s jurisdiction in judicial review of “decisions or judgments” of the Board is appellate in nature. As set forth in La. R.S. 47:1435, the jurisdiction of the district courts to review decisions of the Board is as follows:

The district courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction to review the decisions or judgments of the board, and the judgment of any such court shall be subject to further appeal, suspensive only, in accordance with law. If a suspensive appeal is taken from a judgment of the district court no further bond need be posted and the bond originally posted remains in full force and effect to guarantee the payment of any tax, interest, and penalty until final decision of the court.
Upon such review, such courts shall have the power to affirm or, if the decision or judgment of the board is not in accordance with law, to modify, or to reverse the decision or judgment of the board, with or without remanding the case for further proceedings as justice may require.

Judicial review of a decision of the Board is rendered upon the record as made before the Board and is limited to facts developed in the record and questions of law. IsThe Board’s findings of fact should be accepted where there is substantial evidence in the record to support [954]*954them and should not be set aside unless they are manifestly erroneous in view of the evidence on the entire record. Marathon Pipe Line Co. v. Crawford, 2000-2753, p. 5 (La.App.

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