National Labor Relations Board v. Transpersonnel, Incorporated, Transpersonnel, Incorporated v. National Labor Relations Board

349 F.3d 175, 173 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 2609, 2003 U.S. App. LEXIS 23133
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
DecidedNovember 13, 2003
Docket02-2344, 02-2414
StatusPublished
Cited by13 cases

This text of 349 F.3d 175 (National Labor Relations Board v. Transpersonnel, Incorporated, Transpersonnel, Incorporated v. National Labor Relations Board) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
National Labor Relations Board v. Transpersonnel, Incorporated, Transpersonnel, Incorporated v. National Labor Relations Board, 349 F.3d 175, 173 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 2609, 2003 U.S. App. LEXIS 23133 (4th Cir. 2003).

Opinions

Application for enforcement granted in part and denied in part, and cross-petition for review granted in part and denied in part by published opinion. Judge SHEDD wrote the opinion. Judge LUTTIG wrote an opinion concurring in part and dissenting in part. Judge WILKINSON wrote a dissenting opinion.

OPINION

SHEDD, Circuit Judge:

This case is before the Court on the application for enforcement filed by the National Labor Relations Board (the Board) and the cross-petition for review filed by the employer, Transpersonnel, Inc.

The Board determined that Transper-sonnel violated § 8(a)(1), 29 U.S.C. § 158(a)(1), of the National Labor Relations Act (the NLRA or the Act) by unlawfully soliciting nine of its employees to sign anti-union statements. It also ruled that Transpersonnel violated § 8(a)(1) and § 8(a)(5), 29 U.S.C. § 158(a)(5), of the Act by withdrawing recognition from the General Drivers, Warehousemen and Helpers, Local 28, affiliated with International Brotherhood of Teamsters, AFL-CIO (the Union).

We conclude that substantial evidence supports a finding that Transpersonnel unlawfully solicited only two — not nine — of its employees. We also conclude that substantial evidence does not support the Board’s finding that Transpersonnel unlawfully withdrew recognition of the Union. Therefore, we grant in part and deny in part the Board’s application for enforcement, and we grant in part and deny in part Transpersonnel’s cross-petition for review.

I.

As found by the Board,1 Transpersonnel leases long-haul truck drivers to, among other customers, the Kohler Company in Spartanburg, South Carolina. Starting in 1993, the Union was the bargaining representative of the Transpersonnel employees at Kohler under a collective bargaining agreement. That collective bargaining agreement expired in September 1996. In February 1997, at least ten Transperson-nel employees working at Kohler commenced an economic strike. Two employees, Raymond Wray and Grant Crow, did not strike. It is undisputed that Wray did not support the Union.

By April 1997, Transpersonnel began hiring replacement drivers. It held an orientation meeting with the replacement drivers and Wray on April 6 at the Holiday Inn in Spartanburg. During that meeting, the employees circulated among themselves a piece of Holiday Inn stationery with handwriting at the top that stated “No Union.” All six of the replacement drivers and Wray — a total of seven employees2 — signed the document, which was [179]*179later handed to a Transpersonnel official during a break in the meeting.

Over the next few weeks, Transperson-nel claims it obtained statements from five other employees who indicated they did not want to be represented by the Union. Combining these five statements with the seven signatures obtained at the April 6 meeting, Transpersonnel asserted that twelve employees in the unit did not want Union representation. On May 9, Tran-spersonnel informed the Union that it had “received objective evidence that [the Union] no longer represents a majority of our employees.” J.A. 291. Based on this information, Transpersonnel withdrew recognition from the Union.

In August 1997, the Board’s General Counsel issued a complaint, alleging that Transpersonnel unlawfully solicited an unspecified number of employees to sign anti-union statements and unlawfully withdrew recognition of the Union. In May 1998, the ALJ decided that Transperson-nel unlawfully solicited nine employees and unlawfully withdrew recognition of the Union. The Board adopted the ALJ’s recommended order in September 2001.

II.

After a collective bargaining agreement expires, under the law applicable to this case, an employer may not withdraw recognition of a union unless the employer shows either that (1) the union did not in fact enjoy majority support, or (2) the employer had a good-faith doubt, founded on a sufficient objective basis, of the union’s majority support. Pirelli Cable Corp. v. N.L.R.B., 141 F.3d 503, 520 (4th Cir.1998). The Board concluded that Transpersonnel failed to make either showing.

In making this determination, the Board found that there were as few as twenty-two employees in the Transpersonnel bargaining unit on May 9 — ten strikers who supported the Union and twelve drivers who did not strike.3 Of these twelve drivers who did not strike, the Board decided that Transpersonnel improperly solicited anti-union statements from nine — the six replacement drivers who signed the “No Union” document during the April 6 meeting and three others who provided statements in the weeks following the April 6 meeting: Crow, Johnny Emerson, and Bradley Forkey. Therefore, although Transpersonnel claimed that it could rely on all twelve of the anti-union statements it received from the nonstriking employees, the Board concluded that Transper-sonnel could rely on the anti-union declarations of only three of the twenty-two unit employees: Wray, Dean Hefner, and Franklin Harris. Accordingly, the Board concluded that Transpersonnel violated §§ 8(a)(1) and 8(a)(5) when it withdrew recognition of the Union.

III.

We must affirm the Board’s factual findings if they are “supported by substantial evidence on the record considered as a whole.” 29 U.S.C. § 160(e); Medeco Security Locks, Inc. v. N.L.R.B., 142 F.3d 733, 742 (4th Cir.1998). Substantial evidence is “such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Consolidated Diesel Co. v. N.L.R.B., 263 F.3d 345, 351 (4th Cir.2001) (internal quotation omitted). If substantial evidence exists, we must uphold the Board’s decision “even though we might have reached a different result had we heard the evidence in the first instance.” [180]*180N.L.R.B. v. Daniel Construction Co., 731 F.2d 191, 193 (4th Cir.1984).

IV.

The Board found that Transpersonnel violated § 8(a)(1) by improperly soliciting nine employees to provide anti-union statements. These nine are the six replacement drivers who attended the April 6 meeting, plus Crow, Emerson, and Forkey.

The test for a § 8(a)(1) violation is whether, “under all of the circumstances, the employer’s conduct may reasonably tend to coerce or intimidate employees.” N.L.R.B. v. Grand Canyon Mining Co., 116 F.3d 1039, 1044 (4th Cir.1997) (internal quotation omitted). It does not matter whether the particular conduct by the employer was actually coercive. Consolidated Diesel, 263 F.3d at 352. Instead, the relevant inquiry is “whether the conduct in question had a reasonable tendency in the totality of circumstances to intimidate.” Equitable Gas Co. v. N.L.R.B., 966 F.2d 861, 866 (4th Cir.1992) (internal quotation omitted).

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349 F.3d 175, 173 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 2609, 2003 U.S. App. LEXIS 23133, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/national-labor-relations-board-v-transpersonnel-incorporated-ca4-2003.