Glaser v. Gap Inc.

994 F. Supp. 2d 569, 2014 WL 349718, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12625
CourtDistrict Court, S.D. New York
DecidedJanuary 31, 2014
DocketNo. C11-6679 TSZ
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 994 F. Supp. 2d 569 (Glaser v. Gap Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Glaser v. Gap Inc., 994 F. Supp. 2d 569, 2014 WL 349718, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12625 (S.D.N.Y. 2014).

Opinion

ORDER

THOMAS S. ZILLY, District Judge.

THIS MATTER comes before the Court on a motion for summary judgment, docket no. 36, brought by defendants Gap Inc. (“Gap”) and Milinda Mejorado. Having reviewed all papers filed in support of and in opposition to the motion, the Court enters the following order.

Background

Plaintiff William Glaser suffers from au[571]*571tism.1 He is currently 37 years of age. Pla. 56.1 Stmt, at ¶ 1 (docket no. 44). For over seven years, Glaser worked for Gap as a merchandise handler at a distribution center in Fishkill, New York. Ex. 76 to Roberts Aff. (docket no. 45-82). Glaser was terminated from this position on November 6, 2009. Id. For approximately eleven months prior to his discharge, Glaser was supervised by defendant Mejorado. Def. 56.1 Stmt, at ¶ 107 (docket no. 38).

On the day before his discharge, November 5, 2009, Glaser approached Mejorado and requested a new “fish knife,” a plastic device shaped like a fish that is used to cut tape and open boxes. Pla. 56.1 Stmt, at ¶ 92 (docket no. 44); Ex. P6 to Ullrich Aff. (docket no. 47-6). According to Glaser, after Mejorado handed him the fish knife, he put the device in his back pocket. Glaser Dep. at 1116:14-24 (docket no. 47-14 at 17). Glaser then asked to speak with Mejorado, indicating that he wished to apologize about an incident that occurred a few days earlier. Id. at 1113:4-6. In his deposition, Glaser testified that Mejorado began yelling at him. Id. at 1113:12-24.

At the time, Glaser and Mejorado were in a cubicle assigned to Katie Connolly. Ex. 67 to Roberts Aff. (docket no. 45-73). Connolly was present, and later signed a written statement indicating that, during the conversation, Glaser was waving his hands and continually moving into the cubicle. Id. Connolly perceived that Glaser was doing so to prevent Mejorado and her from leaving the cubicle. Id. Connolly, however, agreed with Glaser’s account that, when she indicated to him that she and Mejorado needed to go to a meeting, Glaser immediately left the area. Id.; Glaser Dep. at 1114:5-19. Although Connolly described Glaser as agitated, she made no mention of any threatening words or gestures. See Ex. 67 to Roberts Aff.

Two other Gap employees were in the vicinity and overheard the interaction between Glaser and Mejorado. Dorothy Singleton and Ellen Roush indicated in their respective statements that Glaser blocked Mejorado into Connolly’s cubicle by stretching out his arms. Exs. 69 & 70 to Roberts Aff. (docket nos. 45-75 & 45-76). Roush observed Glaser clench and unclench his fists. Roush Decl. at ¶ 6 (docket no. 39). According to Roush, when Connolly mentioned the meeting that she and Mejorado needed to attend, Glaser’s demeanor changed, and he moved away from the cubicle, saying hello to both Singleton and Roush on his way past them. Ex. 70 to Roberts Aff.

Mejorado’s initial version of the incident essentially mirrored those of Connolly, Singleton, and Roush, none of whom placed a knife in Glaser’s hand. See Ex. 68 to Roberts Aff. (docket no. 45-74). At her deposition on August 14, 2012, however, Mejorado accused Glaser of “clenching onto the knife.” Mejorado Dep. at 211:15— 16 (docket no. 47-20). She repeated in her declaration that she “observed Plaintiff clenching his fish knife in one hand.” Mejorado Decl. at ¶ 27 (docket no. 41).

The documents prepared contemporaneously with Glaser’s discharge, namely a Termination Summary, Ex. 71 to Roberts Aff. (docket no. 45-77), and an Employee Relations Call Document, Ex. 72 to Roberts Aff. (docket no. 45-78), make no mention of a knife. In her deposition, however, Human Resources Business Leader Karen Hoffman, one of the two decision-makers in this case, see Def. 56.1 Stmt, at ¶ 187 (docket no. 38), referred to a “box [572]*572knife” being in Glaser’s hand; she could not remember who provided such information, and she could not remember whether she spoke with Connolly, Roush, or Singleton before she discharged Glaser. Hoffman Dep. at 68:3-18, 70:12-23 (docket no. 47-21). Glaser was fired on November 6, 2009, via a telephone call conducted by Hoffman and Craig Brown; he was terminated without being interviewed about his version of events. Ex. 72 to Roberts Aff.

Glaser commenced this lawsuit against Gap and Mejorado in September 2011, within 90 days after receiving a right-to-sue letter from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (“EEOC”). Compl. at ¶ 7 (docket no. 1). In this action, Glaser brings the following claims under both the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”), as amended effective January 1, 2009, see ADA Amendments Act of 2008 (“ADAAA”), Pub.L. 110-325, § 8, 122 Stat. 3553, 3559 (2008), and the New York State Human Rights Law (“NYSHRL”): (i) failure to accommodate; (ii) hostile work environment; (iii) failure to train managers; and (iv) discriminatory discharge. Compl. at ¶¶ 85-88. In addition, under the NYSHRL, Glaser alleges an “aid and abet” claim against Mejorado. Id. at ¶¶ 89-91. Defendants move for summary judgment.2 Analysis

A. Summary Judgment Standard

The Court shall grant summary judgment if no genuine issue of material fact exists and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed. R.Civ.P. 56(a). The moving party bears the initial burden of demonstrating the absence of a genuine issue of material fact. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). A fact is material if it might affect the outcome of the suit under the governing law. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). To survive a motion for summary judgment, the adverse party must present affirmative evidence, which “is to be believed” and from which all “justifiable inferences” are to be favorably drawn. Id. at 255, 257, 106 S.Ct. 2505. If the record, taken as a whole, could not lead a rational trier of fact to find for the non-moving party, summary judgment is warranted. See Celotex, 477 U.S. at 322, 106 S.Ct. 2548.

B. Discrimination

Under both the ADA and the NYSHRL, disability discrimination claims are governed by the three-part burden-shifting analysis first set forth in McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 93 S.Ct. 1817, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973). See Wesley-Dickson v. Warwick Valley Cent. Sch. Dist., 973 F.Supp.2d 386, 401-02, 2013 WL 5338516 at *12 (S.D.N.Y. Sep. 24, 2013). Under McDonnell Douglas, the plaintiff must first establish a prima facie case of discrimination. The burden then shifts to the defendant to articulate a legitimate, non-discriminatory reason for the adverse employment action at issue. If the defendant is able to do so, the burden shifts back to the plaintiff to show that the defendant’s reason is merely a pretext for discrimination.

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994 F. Supp. 2d 569, 2014 WL 349718, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12625, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/glaser-v-gap-inc-nysd-2014.