Gladstone Foundation v. Commissioner

77 T.C. 221, 1981 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 86
CourtUnited States Tax Court
DecidedAugust 6, 1981
DocketDocket No. 2964-80X
StatusPublished
Cited by28 cases

This text of 77 T.C. 221 (Gladstone Foundation v. Commissioner) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Tax Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Gladstone Foundation v. Commissioner, 77 T.C. 221, 1981 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 86 (tax 1981).

Opinions

OPINION

Dawson, Judge:

This case was assigned to Special Trial Judge Francis J. Cantrel for the purpose of conducting the hearing and ruling on respondent’s motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction. After a review of the record, we agree with and adopt his opinion which is set forth below.1

OPINION OF THE SPECIAL TRIAL JUDGE

Cantrel, Special Trial Judge:

Petitioner brought an action for declaratory judgment pursuant to section 7428 and Rule 211, Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure,2 on the ground that respondent failed to make a determination with respect to petitioner’s continuing classification as a nonprivate foundation as described in section 509(a)(1).

Petitioner is a testamentary trust established under the Will of J. David Gladstone, who died on June 14, 1971. As directed by Mr. Gladstone’s will, petitioner was created as a medical research organization for the conduct of research in blood and vascular diseases.

On March 22, 1973, the trustees for petitioner submitted an Application for Recognition of Exemption, Form 1023, to the District Director, Internal Revenue Service, Los Angeles, Calif. The District Director, by letter dated June 7,1973, as modified by letter dated June 15, 1973, determined that petitioner was an exempt organization under section 501(c)(3) and that petitioner was not a private foundation as described in section 509(a) because it was a medical research organization described in section 170(b)(l)(A)(iii).

On August 4, 1977, upon examination of petitioner’s information returns submitted for the taxable years 1974 and 1975, the District Director, by letter to petitioner, proposed to revoke its status under section 509(a)(1) and determine that petitioner was a private foundation as described in section 509(a) and was not an operating foundation described in section 4942(j)(3) for the taxable years 1974 and 1975. Petitioner on September 2, 1977, filed a written protest with the District Director in Los Angeles, appealing and disagreeing with the proposed revocation of exempt status and requesting a conference with respondent’s Regional Office. On November 18,1977, a conference with the Regional Office was held. The Regional Office decided adversely to petitioner by letter dated March 14,1978. On April 11, 1978, petitioner requested respondent’s National Office to review the Regional Office’s determination and hold a conference. The National Office accepted petitioner’s appeal on July 14, 1978. A conference with the National Office was held on November 20, 1978. Petitioner was notified on January 23, 1980, by the National Office that it had decided the appeal adversely to petitioner and that the case had been remanded to the District Director, Los Angeles, for issuance of a final adverse determination letter. Petitioner has fully cooperated with the respondent throughout the appeal process in timely and expeditiously submitting all required documents in furtherance of its request for determination and in supplying all additional information requested by respondent.

On March 3, 1980, petitioner filed a petition in this Court seeking a declaratory judgment pursuant to section 7428. Therein, petitioner requests the Court to find that petitioner is not a private foundation described in section 509(a) but is an exempt organization described in section 509(a)(1) and section 170(b)(l)(A)(iii). On April 15,1980, respondent filed a motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction, and it is that motion which is presently before the Court for decision.

Subsequent to the filing of the petition in this Court, additional administrative action took place. On March 4,1980, petitioner sent a letter and additional materials to the District Director in Los Angeles seeking reconsideration of his proposed adverse determination. That request was denied on May 28, 1980, on which date respondent issued a final adverse determination letter which determined that petitioner’s private foundation status would be deemed to commence on January 1, 1976. Thereafter, petitioner filed a petition with this Court on August 25, 1980, based upon the final adverse determination letter, which was assigned docket No. 16256-SOX.

At the outset, we think it necessary to discuss the effect of the issuance of the final adverse determination letter after the petition for declaratory judgment was filed with this Court. By his argument that an actual controversy did not exist at the time the petition in this case was filed but did mature into an actual controversy upon the issuance of the May 28, 1980, letter, respondent would have us hold that the petition filed in this case is premature. We do not agree with respondent that this case is mooted by the issuance of that final adverse determination letter.

This Court has jurisdiction over declaratory judgment actions concerning exempt organizations as provided in sections 7442 and 7428. We will discuss hereinafter the jurisdictional requirements of section 7428, which we have found that petitioner has met. We have held in some circumstances that once this Court obtains jurisdiction, events subsequent to the filing of the petition do not divest us of jurisdiction. See, e.g., McGowan v. Commissioner, 67 T.C. 599 (1976) (jurisdiction is not removed through an attempted concession by one party); Fotochrome, Inc. v. Commissioner, 57 T.C. 842 (1972) (under the Bankruptcy Act, the Tax Court was not deprived of jurisdiction because of a bankruptcy filing subsequent to the petition in the Tax Court being filed); Main-Hammond Land Trust v. Commissioner, 17 T.C. 942 (1951), affd. 200 F.2d 308 (6th Cir. 1952) (jurisdiction remains unimpaired despite the fact that the trust was terminated after the filing of the petition); Bowman v. Commissioner, 17 T.C. 681 (1951) (jurisdiction is not removed through waiver or disclaimer by respondent); Richter v. Commissioner, 16 B.T.A. 936 (1929) (subsequent payment of additional tax did not deprive the Board of jurisdiction).

This rule is consistent with the general procedure in the Federal court system. "In general, federal jurisdiction depends on the facts as they exist at the time suit is commenced, and is not conferred or divested by later changes.” Lanigan v. Boston Terminal Corp., 112 F. Supp. 957, 958 (D. Mass. 1953); Fairview Park Excavating Co. v. Al Monzo Construction Co., 560 F.2d 1122 (3d Cir. 1977). The same rule is applicable to the case presently under review. Thus, the issuance of'a final adverse determination letter after the filing of a valid petition does not moot the original petition. See B.H.W. Anesthesia Foundation, Inc. v. Commissioner, 72 T.C. 681 (1979). In that case, as in the one presently before us, the petition was filed on the basis of a failure to make a determination, and immediately after a petition was filed with this Court, respondent issued an unfavorable ruling. The subsequent issuance of the unfavorable ruling did not divest the Court of jurisdiction in B.H. W. Anesthesia Foundation, nor does it so divest the Court in this case.

Section 7428(a)3

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Bluebook (online)
77 T.C. 221, 1981 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 86, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/gladstone-foundation-v-commissioner-tax-1981.