Engman v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co.

631 S.W.2d 98, 1982 Mo. App. LEXIS 2826
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedMarch 16, 1982
DocketNo. WD 32120
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 631 S.W.2d 98 (Engman v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Engman v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co., 631 S.W.2d 98, 1982 Mo. App. LEXIS 2826 (Mo. Ct. App. 1982).

Opinion

PRITCHARD, Judge.

By the verdict of a jury, respondent, Bell, was exonerated from claimed liability for invasion of appellants’ right of privacy in the removal of telephones from their home in Liberty, Missouri. In a former appeal, Engman v. Southwestern Bell Tel. Co., 591 S.W.2d 78 (Mo.App.1979), it was held that summary judgment was improperly granted Bell on the Engmans’ allegations that there was an unreasonable (willful and wanton) intrusion upon their seclusion, and that a tariff of the Public Service Commission, although a defense to a claim of negligent entry of premises, was not a defense to a claim of willful and wanton conduct.

Bell attacks appellants’ Point I as being in violation of Rule 81.08(a) for failure to attach to the notice of appeal a copy of the judgment appealed from; for improperly appealing from the order overruling the motion for new trial (instead of from the final judgment); and for the reason that the point is an abstract statement of the law presenting nothing for review under Rule 84.04(d). Apparently, the error of omission of a copy of the judgment was cured at the initiation of the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Clay County four days after the notice of appeal. The appeal from the order overruling the motion for new trial was amended to state that it was an appeal from the judgment. It is clear from appellants’ entire brief what they are contending as error in the giving of instructions, and Point I and Point II will, therefore, be considered together.

Point I asserts that the trial court erred in giving Instruction Nos. 11, 17, 23 and 29, because they contain defenses to appellants’ claims that are contrary to Missouri law regarding invasion of privacy. Paraphrased, each of these instructions, directing verdicts for Bell, as to each appellant, submitted that Ann Engman’s telephone service was terminated for nonpayment of charges; that after the termination Bell’s employee entered her premises for the purpose of removing its telephone instruments; and “Third, the manner and time of defendant’s employee’s entry into said premises [100]*100was reasonable.” The verdict directing instructions for all appellants simply submit that Bell’s employee, Singleton, intentionally entered the Engman apartment and “such entry was without plaintiffs’ permission,” and each references defense instructions (reasonable entry, supra) and others submitting consent to the acts of defendant and the reasonable consequences thereof.

Point II is that the court erred in giving Instruction Nos. 10, 16 and 22, which submitted the defense that “Ann Engman, by words or conduct, consented to the acts of defendant and the reasonable consequences thereof.”

In Corcoran v. Southwestern Bell Tel. Co., 572 S.W.2d 212, 215[6] (Mo.App.1978), as to the claim against defendant, Georg-anne Corcoran, for invasion of privacy, the court stated the three elements necessary to make a submissible case: “(1) the existence of a secret and private subject matter; (2) a right possessed by plaintiff to keep that subject matter private; and (3) the obtaining of information about that subject matter by defendant through some method objectionable to the reasonable man.” (Emphasis added.) In Gonzales v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Company, 555 S.W.2d 219 (Tex.Civ.App.1977), cited in the first Engman appeal, supra, the court held that the entry of a Bell employee into private residence without permission to remove telephones was a willful tort of invasion of privacy. Of course, if it was done without permission, then it would be objectionable to the reasonable man, and if it was done with permission, that element would be a defense to the intrusion to be determined by the jury on its evaluation of the facts.

Appellants argue that the first Engman appeal, supra, established as a matter of law that they were entitled to recover merely upon proof that Bell’s employee entered the Engman premises intentionally and without permission. That is not the Engman, supra, holding — which was simply that there remained a genuine issue of fact as to a willful entry under the pleadings. Appellants’ instructions did not submit for a finding that the entry was unreasonable, nor that there were any damages flowing from the entry. Bell was entitled to a submission that the entry into the premises was reasonable, i.e. that there was permission or consent, under the converse instructions of MAI 33.00 et seq. — that third method (MAI 33.05) of conversing using an affirmative, here consent to converse the submitted lack of permission, and generally, in separate instructions, the issue of reasonableness. Bell’s evidence to support the giving of its defensive instructions is this, and is sufficient, viewed in its light most favorable to it: Bell’s employees made numerous attempts to contact Ann Engman by telephone, but she did not return the calls. Bell sent her an advance written notice that the telephones would be removed on April 7, 1975; Ann Engman admitted receiving that notice but denied that it advised her of the date the telephones would be removed. On that date, Nora Engman, age 11, was home ill with a strep throat. Ann Engman had previously requested the apartment manager to grant Bell’s employees access to her apartment during her absences. The manager had a key, and did open the apartment, after which Bell’s employee encountered Nora inside, identified himself, and told her his purpose was to remove telephones. She replied “Okay” or “All right” and directed him to the bedroom telephone. Then, in 1977, Ann Engman was again having difficulty paying her bills, and she admitted receiving a notice that Bell’s employees would come to her apartment on May 12, 1977, on which date she went to work leaving her 20 year old son, Walter, in charge of the apartment. Walter testified that he was in bed asleep and the front door was unlocked, and the first he knew of any intruder was when a man tapped him on the foot. Bell’s employee, Singleton, gave this version: He knocked on the door twice, and a lady across the hall opened her door, thinking someone was knocking on her door. Singleton asked her if the Engmans lived in the apartment across from her and she indicated they did. He continued to knock and heard a young man say, “Who is it”. He said, “It’s the telephone man”. The young man said, “What do you want?”, [101]*101and Singleton answered, “Pm supposed to take out a couple of phones today”, to which the young man answered, “Well, the door’s unlocked. Come in.” Singleton unsnapped the living room telephone, proceeded to the bedroom finding Walter sleepy, but awake, and he pointed to the other bedroom where the other telephone was, and asked him, “Don’t you feel good today?”. Walter answered, “No, Pm looking for a job.” According to Singleton, this hit him in the wrong manner and he said, “Buddy, if you find one there, let me know —Pd like to have it.” Singleton then took the second telephone and left the apartment.

The assistant apartment manager testified that telephone company installers frequently came to her to gain entry to tenants’ apartments. Singleton asked her on April 7, 1975, to let him in to the Engman apartment because no one answered the door. She went with him, knocked and received no answer, unlocked the door and yelled, “Manager — anyone here”, two or three times.

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Related

Overman v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co.
675 S.W.2d 419 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1984)

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Bluebook (online)
631 S.W.2d 98, 1982 Mo. App. LEXIS 2826, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/engman-v-southwestern-bell-telephone-co-moctapp-1982.