E. D. Swett, Inc. v. New Hampshire Commission for Human Rights

470 A.2d 921, 124 N.H. 404, 1983 N.H. LEXIS 410, 34 Empl. Prac. Dec. (CCH) 34,484, 43 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 1186
CourtSupreme Court of New Hampshire
DecidedDecember 30, 1983
DocketNo. 82-361
StatusPublished
Cited by13 cases

This text of 470 A.2d 921 (E. D. Swett, Inc. v. New Hampshire Commission for Human Rights) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of New Hampshire primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
E. D. Swett, Inc. v. New Hampshire Commission for Human Rights, 470 A.2d 921, 124 N.H. 404, 1983 N.H. LEXIS 410, 34 Empl. Prac. Dec. (CCH) 34,484, 43 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 1186 (N.H. 1983).

Opinions

Brock, J.

The defendants, the New Hampshire Commission for Human Rights (commission) and Leonard Briscoe, appeal from a [407]*407Superior Court (Cann, J.) order approving a Master’s (Robert C. Varney, Esq.) recommendation that awards of compensatory damages and counsel fees made against the plaintiff, E. D. Swett, Inc. (Swett), be set aside. Swett cross-appeals, arguing that the scope of judicial review by the superior court was too narrow and that the commission incorrectly applied the evidentiary standards and methodology for adjudicating disparate treatment in hiring. Swett contends therefore that, while the denial of compensatory damages and counsel fees should be affirmed, the commission’s finding of discrimination and award of back pay to Briscoe should be reversed. For the reasons that follow, we affirm in part and reverse in part.

Mr. Briscoe is a black construction worker and carpenter. Swett is a bridge construction company engaged in construction work throughout New Hampshire. Briscoe worked for Swett as a laborer on a project in Hart’s Location from July 1978 until November 1978, at which time he was laid off because of the seasonal character of construction work.

In the spring of 1979, Briscoe applied for work with Swett at its Lisbon job site. The date when Briscoe first applied at the Lisbon site in 1979 is disputed. Swett hires at the job site and does not use written applications. Both Swett’s project superintendent, who has hiring authority, and its timekeeper recall that Briscoe first applied around the middle of May. Briscoe claims that he first applied around the end of March and then reapplied several more times between April and June of 1979. Each time, Briscoe contends, he talked to either the project superintendent or the timekeeper and was told there were no job openings.

In hiring employees, Swett has a policy of seniority preference; i.e., someone who has worked for Swett is preferred to someone who has never worked for that company, assuming both are qualified for the job opening. In April, May, and June, Swett hired, in succession, two white male laborers and a white male carpenter, all of whom had never previously worked for Swett. Briscoe claims that, although he had not specified what type of work he was looking for at Lisbon, he had previously told Swett that he was qualified as a carpenter and so expected to be considered for either a laborer’s or a carpenter’s position. Swett claims that it did not know Briscoe was qualified as a carpenter.

In July 1979, Briscoe filed with the commission a charge of racial discrimination in hiring against Swett. After a hearing at which all parties presented evidence, the commission found in favor of Briscoe and ordered Swett to pay him back pay, compensatory damages, and attorney’s fees.

Swett appealed the commission’s finding of discrimination and its [408]*408award of compensatory damages and counsel fees to the superior court. In July 1982, the superior court upheld the commission’s finding of unlawful discrimination, but set aside both the award of compensatory damages and the award of attorney’s fees as being in excess of the commission’s statutory powers.

The first issue raised by Swett in this appeal is the proper scope of review by the superior court of orders made by the commission. RSA 354-A:10 states in pertinent part: “The findings of the commission as to the facts shall be conclusive if supported by sufficient evidence on the record considered as a whole.” Swett argues that this statute does not give the commission’s findings a presumption of reasonableness, such as that found in RSA 541:13 governing appeals to this court from orders of certain administrative agencies. Rather, Swett contends, RSA 354-A: 10 permits the type of review which exists under statutes governing the review of the suspension, revocation, or denial of licenses. See Allard v. Power, 122 N.H. 27, 28, 440 A.2d 450, 451 (1982); Kozerski v. Steere, 121 N.H. 469, 472, 433 A.2d 1244, 1245 (1981). Accordingly, Swett claims that the superior court may hear additional evidence. We disagree.

RSA 354-A:10 allows parties aggrieved by a decision of the commission to file a petition in the superior court requesting that it remit the case to the commission for the purpose of taking additional evidence if the party shows reasonable grounds for its failure to present such evidence originally. We believe that this statutory provision indicates a legislative intent that the superior court itself not be involved in taking further evidence. This provision of RSA 354-A.TO would be superfluous if we were to hold otherwise.

We conclude that the scope of review envisioned under RSA 354-A:10 is analogous to that under RSA 541:13. See Scarborough v. R.T.P. Enterprises, Inc., 120 N.H. 707, 710, 422 A.2d 1304, 1307 (1980); Scarborough v. Arnold, 117 N.H. 803, 809, 379 A.2d 790, 794 (1977). Based on the record before us, we hold that the superior court applied the correct standard of review in this case.

Swett next argues that the commission did not apply the correct evidentiary standards and methodology for proof of disparate treatment in hiring. The commission’s application of an incorrect legal standard would constitute an error of law permitting the court to set aside the commission’s order notwithstanding any presumption of propriety which may be given its fact-finding.

The United States Supreme Court has set forth the allocation of burdens and the order of presentation of proof in a private, non-class action alleging employment discrimination. See, e.g., McDon[409]*409nell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802 (1973). We have applied these criteria to cases brought under RSA chapter 354-A. See Scarborough v. Arnold, 117 N.H. at 807-08, 379 A.2d at 793. Under this case law, Briscoe may make out a prima facie case of discrimination by showing (1) that he belonged to a minority; (2) that he applied for and was qualified for a job for which the employer was seeking applicants; (3) that despite his qualifications he was rejected; and (4) that after his rejection the position remained open and the employer continued to seek applicants with Briscoe’s qualifications. McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. at 802; Burns v. Town of Gorham, 122 N.H. 401, 406-07, 445 A.2d 1111, 1114 (1982).

The commission found that Briscoe had satisfied the four elements of a prima facie case. A presumption of discrimination then arose, and the burden shifted to Swett to produce evidence that Briscoe was rejected, or someone else was preferred, for a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason. See Burns v. Town of Gorham, 122 N.H. at 408, 445 A.2d at 1115 (citing Texas Dept. of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 254 (1981)).

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

NLRB v. Starbucks Corp.
Sixth Circuit, 2025
Clark v. N.H. Dep't of Emp't Sec.
201 A.3d 652 (Supreme Court of New Hampshire, 2019)
Cook v. PC Connection
2010 DNH 009 (D. New Hampshire, 2010)
Appeal of Hardy
917 A.2d 1237 (Supreme Court of New Hampshire, 2007)
Appeal of Seacoast Fire Equipment Co.
777 A.2d 869 (Supreme Court of New Hampshire, 2001)
Appeal of Hoyt Rental & Leasing Co.
536 A.2d 172 (Supreme Court of New Hampshire, 1987)
Appeal of Board of Trustees of the University System
531 A.2d 315 (Supreme Court of New Hampshire, 1987)
Adama v. Doehler-Jarvis, Division of N L Industries, Inc.
376 N.W.2d 406 (Michigan Court of Appeals, 1985)
Boscaglia v. Michigan Bell Telephone Co.
362 N.W.2d 642 (Michigan Supreme Court, 1985)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
470 A.2d 921, 124 N.H. 404, 1983 N.H. LEXIS 410, 34 Empl. Prac. Dec. (CCH) 34,484, 43 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 1186, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/e-d-swett-inc-v-new-hampshire-commission-for-human-rights-nh-1983.