Aikin v. . Wasson

24 N.Y. 482

• Court: New York Court of Appeals
• Decided: June 5, 1862
• Status: Published

Opinion

Seldes, Oh. J.

It appears from the pleadings that the payee of the note, upon which the action is brought, was a contractor with the Albany northern Eailroad Company, of which the defendant is a stockholder, for the construction of a part of its road; that the note was given to him for an indebtedness growing out of such contract; and the question presented by the" demurrer is, whether, as such contractor, he is entitled to the benefit of that clause of section 10, of the general railroad act of 1850, which provides, that “all the stockholders of every such Company shall be jointly and severally liable for all the debts due or owing to any of its laborers and servants, for services performed for such corporation;” in other words,, whether he can be regarded as a laborer or servant of the Company within the meaning of the act.

It is obvious from the nature and terms of this and other provisions of the act, as, well as from a general policy indicated by analogous statutes, that the legislature intended to throw a special protection around that class of persons who should actually perform the manual labor of the Company. To accomplish this design, it is not necessary that the words “laborers and servants ” should receive their broadest interpretation. Indeed, such a construction would scarcely harmonize with the general scope and object of this and similar acts. In some very extended sense, the directors and other principal officers of the corporation may be considered as its agents and servants, and yet no one, I apprehend, would contend that the provision was intended for their benefit. The word ‘ ‘ servants ” is qualified, and to some extent limited in its meaning, by its association with the word “laborers,” according to the familiar maxim, noscilur a sociis. It clearly would not include every one who should perform any service in any form for the Company. Such a construction is repelled, not only by the apparent reason for the enactment, but by the language used, which would naturally have been far more general if such had been its object.

Precisely where the line should be drawn between the different classes of persons who may perform services for such a Company, it may be somewhat difficult to determine; but it is unnecessary to attempt this discrimination in the present case; as it would be necessary to give to the word “servant” the largest and most extended signification possible in order to include' within it those who have made contracts with the Company to construct a portion of its road; and even then, I hardly see how the word could be held to include this class of contractors, especially if it is understood in any of its ordinary acceptations, as it should be, unless there is something in the case to point to a different interpretation. If, however, it might be possible to construe the word, under some circumstances, so as to include contractors, all the indications in the present case tend to a limited instead of an enlarged interpretation. Contractors, therefore, are not, in my opinion, embraced in the terms, or entitled to the benefits, of the provision. The judgment of the Supreme Court should, I think, be affirmed.

Allen, J., delivered an opinion to the same effect.

All the judges concurring,

Judgment affirmed,