A to Z Rental, Inc. v. Wilson

413 F.2d 899, 163 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 14
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
DecidedJuly 24, 1969
DocketNos. 147-68, 148-68
StatusPublished
Cited by49 cases

This text of 413 F.2d 899 (A to Z Rental, Inc. v. Wilson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
A to Z Rental, Inc. v. Wilson, 413 F.2d 899, 163 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 14 (10th Cir. 1969).

Opinion

ORIE L. PHILLIPS, Circuit Judge.

A to Z Rental, Inc., will hereinafter be referred to as A-Z, and C. Dale Wilson and Keith D. Wilson, collectively, as the Wilsons.

On March 23, 1965, A-Z and the Wil-sons entered into a “franchise agreement” by which A-Z granted to the Wil-sons “an exclusive * * * license to use the trade name and service mark ‘A To Z Rental’ * * * in the operation of a rental center to be owned and conducted by” the Wilsons at “819 East Mulberry Street, Fort Collins, Colorado,” and the Wilsons agreed to purchase their “initial inventory of rental equipment and supplies” in an amount of not less than $25,000 from A — Z, and to purchase at least 65 per cent of all additional equipment and supplies from A-Z.

The Wilsons purchased their initial inventory from A-Z and paid therefor one-half of the price, which included a payment of $8,237.30 for the exclusive franchise. The Wilsons secured the amount of the unpaid initial inventory and two subsequent inventories purchased from A-Z by conditional sales contracts. AZ, asserting a default, on February 10, 1967, brought this action to recover possession of the equipment and supplies, and on recovery of such equipment and supplies sold them without a foreclosure proceeding or a court order and then sought a judgment in the action for a claimed deficiency after applying the proceeds of the sale.

The Wilsons filed a counterclaim in which they asserted they were entitled to credits on the conditional sales contracts, not allowed by A-Z, recovery of the amount paid by them for the exclusive franchise, and damages for breaches of the franchise agreement by A-Z.

The court found that the foreclosure sale was caused by A-Z’s failure to perform the franchise agreement and the [902]*902cost thereof should be borne by A-Z. It found that the only damages recoverable by the Wilsons were $8,237.39 paid by them for the exclusive franchise and $728.60 paid by them as royalties to A-Z, and denied the other damage claims asserted by them. It found after deducting the amount received by A-Z at the sale and $1,295.02 paid as taxes by A-Z, there was due it $4,194.67, leaving a net balance due the Wilsons of $4,771.32, and rendered judgment accordingly. From that judgment the Wilsons have appealed and A-Z has cross-appealed.

In 1957, a limited partnership was organized as “Nation-wide Leasing Company.” In 1962, the partnership was converted into a Delaware corporation under the name “Nation-wide Industries, Inc.” In August 1964, A-Z, a corporation organized under the laws of Montana, under the name “A to Z Rental Equipment, Inc.,” was authorized to do business in Colorado. In October 1964, Nation-wide acquired all the stock of A-Z in exchange for common stock of Nation-wide. On August 3, 1965, the name of the Montana corporation was changed to “A To Z Rental, Inc.”

In the earlier transactions between the Wilsons and A-Z, the name “A To Z Rental Equipment Company” was used by A-Z.

At the time A-Z was acquired by Nation-wide, A-Z had 65 retail outlets, five of which were owned and operated by it, and 60 of which were owned and operated by others under franchises from it.

The principal business of A-Z is to grant franchises to persons by licensing agreements to use its name and system in the operation of rental centers for the rental of many kinds of equipment for housewives, sportsmen, and contractors, and of do-it-your-self aids, and to sell its licensees equipment and supplies needed in their rental businesses.

Under the leasing agreement, the franchised licensee agrees to purchase 100 per cent of his first inventory of equipment and supplies and 65 per cent of his subsequent inventory of equipment and supplies from A-Z.

In some circumstances, A-Z finances the licensee or obtains financing for him.

At all times here material, the Wilsons were residents of Colorado. They entered into three licensing agreements with A-Z for the operation of a rental business at Fort Collins, Colorado. The second agreement superseded the first, and the third agreement superseded the second.

The first licensing agreement entered into between A-Z and the Wilsons was dated October 30, 1964. It granted to the Wilsons “a non-exclusive franchise to * * * use the ‘A to Z RENTAL EQUIPMENT’ system and name” in the operation of their rental business at Fort Collins, Colorado. At the time it was entered into, the Wilsons paid A-Z $500 in cash.

The second agreement also granted to the Wilsons a non-exclusive franchise to use such name and system. It was entered into on November 5,1964, but dated October 30, 1964, because Glenn Mercer, the representative of A-Z in the negotiations for the franchise and the licensing fee, told the Wilsons if that was not done that they would operate under a new franchise, identified as an “A” franchise, which required a much larger purchase fee and a royalty of two per cent on the gross business of the licensee during the life of the franchise.

At the time the second franchise was entered into, the Wilsons paid A-Z $7,-500.

The third franchise agreement, which superseded the two previous agreements, recited that it was entered into on February 17, 1965. However, it also recited that it should “not become effective or binding upon” A-Z “until executed at the principal operating office of” A-Z in Chicago, Illinois. It was not signed by the Wilsons until about the middle of March 1965 and was executed by A-Z by Raymond V. Gregg, as its vice-president, on March 23, 1965. On that date it was mailed to the Wilsons, with a covering letter stating that it had been executed by A-Z.

[903]*903At the beginning of the negotiations, it was contemplated that the Wilsons would obtain needed financing through the Small Business Administration, but that plan was abandoned and the Wilsons obtained financing from another source.

The third agreement bore the heading, “A to Z Rental, Inc. Franchise Agreement.” It granted to the Wilsons “an exclusive, non-transferable and personal license to use the trade name and service mark ‘A To Z Rental’ and the phrase ‘Tools and Equipment for Work and Play.’ ” It required the Wilsons to purchase from A-Z an “initial inventory of rental equipment and supplies” for the rental center of $25,000, “based on” A— Z’s “prices for original inventory.” It provided that concurrently with or prior to the execution of the agreement, the Wilsons would order from A-Z such original inventory and satisfy A-Z with respect to the financing thereof; that the Wilsons would purchase from A-Z a minimum of 65 per cent of all additional equipment and supplies purchased by them for their rental center; that A-Z would furnish and the Wilsons would use forms and systems of records and controls ; that A-Z would assist the Wilsons in selecting a location and in the selection of its inventories, and would provide guidance and training in the operation of the rental center. However, the only advice and consultation given to the Wil-sons by A-Z was with reference to bookkeeping.

The third agreement put many restrictions and requirements on the Wilsons with respect to the operation of their business.

The Wilsons began negotiations with A-Z for a franchise in September 1964, in response to a newspaper ad.

On September 21, 1963, James Furrow commenced operating a rental business in Fort Collins, Colorado, and continued to operate the same until on and after January 1, 1967, under the name “A-Z Rents It.”

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Bluebook (online)
413 F.2d 899, 163 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 14, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/a-to-z-rental-inc-v-wilson-ca10-1969.