Workplace Technologies Research, Inc. v. Project Management Institute, Inc.

District Court, S.D. California·Decided June 3, 2022·No. 3:18-cv-01927·Unknown

Opinion

WORKPLACE TECHNOLOGIES Case No.: 18cv1927 JO (MSB) RESEARCH, INC., ORDER ON MOTIONS TO SEAL Plaintiff, v.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE, INC., Defendant.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE, Counter-Claimant, v. RESEARCH, INC., Counter-Defendant. Plaintiff Workplace Technologies Research, Inc. (“WTRI”) and Defendant Project Management Institute, Inc. (“PMI”)’s filed a Joint Motion to Seal in connection with the Parties’ Motions in Limine and Daubert Motions. (Doc. No. 328). For the reasons set forth below, the Parties’ Joint Motion is GRANTED-IN-PART and DENIED-IN- “[T]he courts of this country recognize a general right to inspect and copy public records and documents, including judicial records and documents.” Nixon v. Warner Commc’ns, Inc., 435 U.S. 589, 597 (1978). “Unless a particular court record is one ‘traditionally kept secret,’ a ‘strong presumption in favor of access’ is the starting point.” Kamakana v. City & Cty. of Honolulu, 447 F.3d 1172, 1178 (9th Cir. 2006) (citations omitted). “The presumption of access is ‘based on the need for federal courts, although independent—indeed, particularly because they are independent—to have a measure of accountability and for the public to have confidence in the administration of justice.’” Ctr. for Auto Safety v. Chrysler Grp., LLC, 809 F.3d 1092, 1096 (9th Cir. 2016) (quoting United States v. Amodeo (Amodeo II), 71 F.3d 1044, 1048 (2d Cir. 1995)). A party seeking to seal a judicial record bears the burden of overcoming the strong presumption of access. Kamakana, 447 F.3d at 1178 (citing Foltz v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 331 F.3d 1122, 1135 (9th Cir. 2003)). The showing required to meet this burden depends upon whether the documents to be sealed relate to a motion that “is more than tangentially related to the merits of the case.” Ctr. for Auto Safety, 809 F.3d at 1101. When the underlying motion is more than tangentially related to the merits, the “compelling reasons” standard applies. Id. at 1097–99. When the underlying motion does not surpass the tangential relevance threshold, the “good cause” standard applies. Id. Nondispositive evidentiary motions—including “routine motions in limine” and Daubert motions may be “strongly correlative to the merits of a case.” Id. at 1099. The decision to seal documents is “one best left to the sound discretion of the trial court” upon consideration of “the relevant facts and circumstances of the particular case.” Nixon, 435 U.S. at 599 Here, the Parties seek to seal three general categories of documents: (1) documents previously ordered sealed by the Court; (2) documents that contain, reference, or discuss non-public business information, including PMI’s alleged trade secrets; and (3) “third- party” documents that were marked “CONFIDENTIAL” under the Protective Order. (Doc. No. 328 at 5–9; 19–20). The Court addresses each category of documents in turn. First, the Court notes that in its prior August 10, 2021 Order, the Court already granted the Parties’ request to seal certain documents which: (1) contained, referenced, or discussed non-public business information; and/or (2) contained confidential communications between WTRI and the National Science Foundation (“NSF”). (See Doc. No. 167 at 2–4). The Parties do not point to anything that would call the Court’s prior Order into question. The Court, therefore, renews the findings in that Order here. Second, the Parties request that the Court seal a new set of documents containing non-public information—including customer names, pricing information, and descriptions of PMI’s alleged trade secrets. As the Court noted in its prior Order, “[d]ocuments containing commercially sensitive information have been held sealable in this Circuit.” Orthopaedic Hosp. v. Encore Med., L.P., No. 19-CV-970 JLS (AHG), 2021 WL 1966121, at *2 (S.D. Cal. Apr. 12, 2021) (collecting cases); see also Apple Inc. v. Psystar Corp., 658 F.3d 1150, 1162 (9th Cir. 2011) (“The publication of materials that could result in infringement upon trade secrets has long been considered a factor that would overcome [the] strong presumption” in favor of public access to court records); In re Incretin-Based Therapies Prod. Liab. Litig., No. 13MD2452 AJB (MDD), 2021 WL 873290, at *1 (S.D. Cal. Mar. 9, 2021) (“Courts have long acknowledged that the risk of competitive harm through disclosure of confidential and proprietary information warrants maintaining documents under seal, even in light of the general presumption of public access to judicial documents.”). Here, the Court finds the Parties have sufficiently justified sealing limited portions of the Parties’ exhibits that contain such confidential, non-public information. Nevertheless, a number of the Parties’ requests are not narrowly tailored “to remove from public view only the material that is protected.” Wasito v. City of San Diego, No. 19-CV- 2395 JLS (JLB), at *2 (S.D. Cal. Dec. 16, 2019) (quoting Ervine v. Warden, 214 F. 6 Supp. 3d 917, 919 (E.D. Cal. 2016)). The Court addresses these requests in more detail below. Third, WTRI seeks to seal certain “third party” documents out of an “abundance of caution.” (Doc. No. 328 at 14). It appears the “third party” documents WTRI is referencing are excerpts from the deposition transcript of Dr. Alicia Sanchez and Misael Labrador. Id. at 8–9. As an initial matter, it is unclear to the Court how these transcripts are “third-party documents” when they are transcripts of depositions taken in this case. Regardless, the Court has addressed WTRI’s request—and PMI’s response—below. Finally, the Court notes numerous documents were lodged for sealing that: (1) the Parties did not address; (2) the Parties do not now oppose to publicly filing; and/or (3) were already publicly filed on the docket.1 Given the lack of opposition, the Court will order these documents to be publicly filed, to the extent they have not been already. The Court has considered and ruled on each of the exhibits the Parties designated for sealing as set forth in the following table: Document Portions Order Expert Rebuttal Report of Section F.a GRANTED. Previously Clark Aldrich (Patiño Decl., sealed pursuant to the Court’s Ex. 1) (Doc. No. 252-2) August 10, 2021 Order. Expert Report of Mickey A. Page 61, footnote GRANTED. Previously Ferri, Ph.D. (Patiño Decl., Ex. 339; Page 85, ⁋ sealed pursuant to the Court’s 2) (Doc. No. 252-3) 105(e) August 10, 2021 Order. Expert Report of Carlyn Irwin Page 20, footnote GRANTED. Previously (Patiño Decl., Ex. 4) (Doc. No. 80; Page 27, ⁋ 63, sealed pursuant to the Court’s 252-4) first sentence that August 10, 2021 Order. cites to footnote 111. Expert Report of Dr. Ricardo ⁋⁋ 78, 81 GRANTED. Previously 1 The Parties’ conduct resulted in the Court reviewing and addressing documents that should not have been lodged for sealing. The Parties are admonished such conduct Document Portions Order Valerdi (Patiño Decl., Ex. 6) sealed pursuant to the Court’s (Doc. No. 252-5) August 10, 2021 Order. Excerpts from the Deposition 195:19–204:22; GRANTED. Previously Transcript of Jeremiah Stepan 295:18–300:25; sealed pursuant to the Court’s (Patiño Decl., Ex. 12) (Doc. 305:1–312:25; August 10, 2021 Order. No. 252-6) 325:1–326:1 Excerpts from the Deposition 99:10–109:12; GRANTED. Previously Transcript of Ricardo Valerdi 185:7–188:25; sealed pursuant to the Court’s (Patiño Decl., Ex. 13) (Doc. 241:13–248:25 August 10, 2021 Order. No. 252-7) Excerpts from the Deposition 74:11–79:20; GRANTED. Previously Transcript of C

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Workplace Technologies Research, Inc. v. Project Management Institute, Inc., (S.D. Cal. 2022).

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