William John Wacht v. Harold J. Cardwell and the Attorney General of the State of Arizona

604 F.2d 1245, 1979 U.S. App. LEXIS 11666

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
• Decided: September 24, 1979
• Docket: 78-2258
• Status: Published

Opinions

J. BLAINE ANDERSON, Circuit Judge:

Wacht appeals the denial of his habeas corpus petition. He claims that the state trial judge failed to inform him of his ineligibility for parole when he pled guilty. This, according to Wacht, means that his guilty plea was neither intelligently nor voluntarily made. We find that Wacht has failed to make sufficient factual allegations which would entitle him to any relief, arid affirm the denial of his habeas petition.

On October 30,1973, Wacht pled guilty to transportation of narcotics in violation of Ar.Rev.Stat. § 36-1002.02. The penalty provisions of this statute provided for imprisonment for a term of five years to life. In addition, the statute provided that parole eligibility or other release had to await service of five full calendar years in prison.

It is undisputed that the state trial judge did not inform Wacht of his ineligibility for parole when he entered his guilty plea. Nonetheless, Wacht was informed that he could be sentenced from five years to life.

Initially, Wacht was not sentenced to a term of imprisonment, but instead was placed on probation.¹ On May 31,1974, this probation was revoked because of Wacht’s violation of a condition of his release. Wacht was then sentenced to a prison term of no less than five, nor more than six years.

After exhausting his state remedies, Wacht filed this writ of habeas corpus in federal district court under 28 U.S.C. §§ 2241, 2254. The court below dismissed Wacht’s petition, but certified that probable cause existed for an appeal. Wacht filed a timely notice of appeal and this court has jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2253.

Wacht principally relies upon this court’s decision in Munich v. United States, 337 F.2d 356 (9th Cir. 1964). In Munich, we held that when a federal defendant enters a guilty plea and is not aware that he will be ineligible for parole, then the plea is not made with the necessary understanding of its consequences. 337 F.2d at 361. Wacht has failed to satisfy his burden of pleading sufficient facts which could bring him within the Munich rule.

To be afforded a hearing in a § 2254 proceeding, the petitioner is required to allege facts with sufficient specificity to support his claim for relief.² The “Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases” provide that the petition:

“ . . . shall specify all the grounds for relief which are available to the petitioner and of which he has or by the exercise of reasonable diligence should, have knowledge and shall set forth in summary form the facts supporting each of the grounds thus specified.” (emphasis added)

Rule 2(c), 28 U.S.C. foil. § 2254. Additionally, the Advisory Committee Note to these rules explains that:

“ ‘[N]otice’ pleading is not sufficient, for the petition is expected to state facts that point to a ‘real possibility of constitutional error.’ ”

28 U.S.C.A. § 2254, p. 1111; Quoted approvingly in Blackledge v. Allison, 431 U.S. 63, 75 n.7, 97 S.Ct. 1621, 52 L.Ed.2d 136 (1977).

Wacht failed to satisfy the specificity requirement of § 2254 pleadings or to show that there is a “real possibility” of constitutional error. In his petition, Wacht merely alleges that he “ . . . was not informed of the consequences of his plea. .” Clerk’s Record (C.R.) 2. In his supporting statement of background information, Wacht alleges that “the judge [who accepted his guilty plea] did not inform William John Wacht that he would be ineligible for release under any circumstances until he had served five (5) calendar years.” C.R. 5. Wacht has done nothing more than claim that the trial judge failed to inform his about his parole ineligibility.³

Wacht does not claim that his attorney failed to explain that he would be ineligible for parole. Munich, supra, 337 F.2d at 361. Nor does he make any claim that he was unaware of the fact that he would be ineligible for parole. Id. And more importantly, Wacht does not claim that he would not have pled guilty had he known about his possible ineligibility for parole. United States v. Timmreck,—U.S.—,—, 99 S.Ct. 2085, 60 L.Ed.2d 634 (1979). In sum, he has failed to allege any facts which would in any way show that he was prejudiced or his rights in any way affected by this “technical” omission by the state trial judge. The present case is therefore distinguishable from Munich.⁴

AFFIRMED.

1 . This included an eleven-month sentence in the county jail.

2 . Bald assertions and conclusory allegations, such as are before the court in the present case, do not support this type of collateral challenge to a guilty plea, nor do they afford sufficient grounds for an evidentiary hearing. See Farrow v. United States, 580 F.2d 1339, 1361-1362 (9th Cir., en banc, 1978); Tucker v. United States, 467 F.2d 1106 (9th Cir. 1972); Wallace v. United States, 457 F.2d 547, 548 (9th Cir. 1972); Smith v. United States, 454 F.2d 1330, 1332 (9th Cir. 1972); Cascio v. United States, 429 F.2d 581, 582 (9th Cir. 1970); Meeks v. United States, 427 F.2d 881, 883 (9th Cir. 1970), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 881, 91 S.Ct. 126, 27 L.Ed.2d 120.

3 . In his brief on appeal, Wacht does make the claim that he was never informed from any source about his ineligibility for parole. An allegation in an appellate brief does not substitute for the necessary pleadings in a § 2254 proceeding. Since this allegation was not before the district court, we do not consider it on appeal.

There are some other allegations appearing in his habeas petition by way of argument under his Memorandum of Points and Authorities. These argumentative assertions are no less conclusory.

4 . We do not decide whether Munich applies to state court proceedings. See Gilmore v. People of State of California, 419 F.2d 379 (9th Cir. 1969), cert. denied, 397 U.S. 1078, 90 S.Ct. 1529, 25 L.Ed.2d 814, and compare Boykin v. Alabama, 395 U.S. 238, 89 S.Ct. 1709, 23 L.Ed.2d 274 (1969), with McCarthy v. United States, 394 U.S. 459, 89 S.Ct. 1166, 22 L.Ed.2d 418 (1969). We also do not decide whether Timmreck in any way limits or overrules Munich.