Walker v. Degnan (In re Degnan)

361 B.R. 650
CourtUnited States Bankruptcy Court, D. Rhode Island
DecidedJanuary 11, 2007
DocketBankruptcy No. 98-12011; Adversary No. 03-1072
StatusPublished

This text of 361 B.R. 650 (Walker v. Degnan (In re Degnan)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Bankruptcy Court, D. Rhode Island primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Walker v. Degnan (In re Degnan), 361 B.R. 650 (R.I. 2007).

Opinion

DECISION APPORTIONING OWNERSHIP INTERESTS, AND ORDER FOR PARTITION AND SALE OF PROPERTY

ARTHUR N. VOTOLATO, Bankruptcy Judge.

Heard on the Plaintiff Nancy Walker’s Complaint against Thomas Degnan (“Deg-nan”) and mortgagee St. Anne’s Credit Union of Fall River, MA (“St. Anne’s”),1 alleging inter alia that Degnan holds real [653]*653estate in Little Compton, Rhode Island (the “property”), as trustee, for her benefit.

BACKGROUND

An understanding of the now defunct relationship of Walker and Degnan is helpful (and necessary) to resolve this dispute. In 1998, when the parties were involved both personally and in business, and because she was in financial trouble, Walker asked and Degnan agreed to purchase her house which was scheduled to be sold at foreclosure. Degnan also allegedly agreed to hold the legal title to the property for one year, or until Walker regained financial stability, and that he would reconvey the property at Walker’s request. Walker complains that although she has asked Degnan to convey the property to her, he refuses to do so.

Degnan initially denied the existence of an agreement and filed a counterclaim against Walker seeking both legal and equitable title to the property, or alternatively, a lien against the property for the value of his services and cash contributions, which he says had a lot to do with the increase in the market value of the property during the parties’ odyssey of increasingly hard financial times and deteriorating personal and business relationships.

Although Walker and Degnan each allege having made significant cash contributions toward the debt service and maintenance of the property for the past nine years, neither has offered competent evidence to support her or his respective position. Basically this trial consisted of mostly talk, and little substance or proof. Because the parties have left the Court with a record that makes a resolution according to normal evidentiary standards impossible, but instead limits and requires the outcome to be based on the application of general equitable principles, I find for the reasons discussed below, that Walker and Degnan each own a 50% interest in the property, and order its partition and sale, with the net proceeds to be distributed equally between the parties.

DISCUSSION

In 1985, Walker purchased land in Little Compton, Rhode Island, and built the residence which is the subject of this dispute. In 1993, Walker filed a Chapter 11 case that was later converted to Chapter 7, and she received a discharge in June 1995. Walker managed to hold onto her home during the bankruptcy, but not long thereafter the property was again facing foreclosure. In an effort to save the property, Walker concocted what she herself later described as a “hare-brained scheme”, and proposed to Degnan, her business2 and social partner (who, at the time was able to qualify for financing), that he should purchase the property for her at the foreclosure. Degnan agreed, and in April 1996, was the successful bidder at the sale. According to Walker she provided Degnan with the required $30,0003 deposit, and Degnan financed the balance of the purchase price with a $120,000 mortgage loan from St. Anne’s Credit Union.

Walker asserts that their oral agreement also provided that after one year, and upon re-establishing her credit, she would obtain refinancing and relieve Deg-nan of his personal liability under the note and mortgage, whereupon he would recon-vey the legal title to her. In the mean[654]*654time, it was Walker’s obligation to pay all expenses, including mortgage, insurance, taxes and maintenance. Initially, Degnan denied having agreed to reconvey the property to Walker, but at trial conceded that essentially he was acting as a straw, and that Walker would occupy the property and pay all of the expenses associated with owning it. His present position is that Walker has failed, all along, to meet her financial obligations regarding the property.

By May 1998, Degnan was himself in financial trouble, the mortgage was in default, and the future of the property was again in jeopardy. So on May 11, 1998, in order to stop a scheduled foreclosure, Deg-nan filed his own Chapter 13 case. At no time during the pendency of his case did Degnan disclose that Walker asserted a claim of ownership in the property. He did testify, however, in a deposition that prior to his bankruptcy he considered that the property belonged to Walker, but that after he had to file for bankruptcy he felt that whatever agreement they had was ended. On the date of Degnan’s bankruptcy filing the St. Anne’s mortgage was delinquent in the amount of $13,500. Neither the plan nor the confirmation order addressed an ownership dispute, and Walker raised no title issues until November 2003, when she filed the instant Complaint alleging that she is the owner of the property. Degnan completed his Chapter 13 plan and received a discharge on March 15, 2006. Walker has occupied the property continuously, and presumably rent free.

Walker testified that prior to and during Degnan’s bankruptcy, she repeatedly asked him to convey the property to her, but to no avail. She also suggests that Degnan’s refusal to convey the property is an afterthought, prompted by the substantial increase in value of the property since it has been in his name.4 Walker further contends that she kept her part of their agreement by reimbursing Degnan for the mortgage payments he made, and only seeks to have the property returned to her per the oral agreement.5

Conversely, Degnan vehemently denies that Walker performed as required, pointing to her repeated and continuous payment defaults, and the fact that he was forced to file for bankruptcy himself to rescue the property from foreclosure. Additionally, Degnan asks that he be declared the sole owner of the property because for nine years he has borne, and still has, the legal and financial responsibility for the property, including the ongoing mortgage payments, taxes, etc. Given the equity in the property (approximately $400k as of November 2005), this argument can hardly be expected to evoke empathy for Degnan.

THE LEGAL ARGUMENTS

Resulting Trust:

Walker’s first argument is based on her claimed status as the beneficiary of a resulting trust. Resulting trusts may arise in one of two ways: (1) When purchase money is contributed by one party and the title is taken in the name of another; or (2) When an express trust fails in whole or in part.6 Restatement (Third) of [655]*655Trusts §§ 7, 9 (2003); Fleet Nat'l Bank v. Valente (In re Valente), 360 F.3d 256 (1st Cir.2004) (recognizing the validity of resulting trusts under Rhode Island law); Carrozza v. Voccola, 2006 WL 2405891 at *3 (R.I.Super.2006), citing Desnoyers v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 108 R.I. 100, 272 A.2d 683, 689 (1971); Cetenich v. Fuvich, 41 R.I. 107, 102 A. 817, 820-21 (1918) (acknowledging the existence of purchase money resulting trusts under Rhode Island law).

Whether a resulting trust has arisen is a matter of state law, see Marquette Credit Union v.

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Bluebook (online)
361 B.R. 650, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/walker-v-degnan-in-re-degnan-rib-2007.