State v. Vereen

628 S.E.2d 408, 177 N.C. App. 233, 2006 N.C. App. LEXIS 847
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedApril 18, 2006
DocketCOA05-255
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 628 S.E.2d 408 (State v. Vereen) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Vereen, 628 S.E.2d 408, 177 N.C. App. 233, 2006 N.C. App. LEXIS 847 (N.C. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinions

WYNN, Judge.

In general, when a defendant pleads not guilty at an arraignment, he may not be tried without his consent in the week in which he is arraigned.1 In this case, Defendant Christopher L. Vereen contends the trial court erred by beginning his trial (without his consent) the same day on which he was arraigned. Because Defendant twice moved the trial court to continue his case during his formal arraignment so he could obtain evidence he subpoenaed and so his witnesses would be available, we reverse the trial court’s decision to conduct Defendant’s trial on the same day as his arraignment.

The record shows that Defendant’s case came before Superior Court, Durham County for trial de novo after Defendant was convicted in district court on 10 May 2004. When Defendant’s case was called, the prosecutor informed the trial court that Defendant needed to be formally arraigned. The trial court asked Defendant how he pled to two of the charges, and defense counsel answered, “not guilty[.]” Before the trial court arraigned Defendant on the remaining charges, Defendant moved for a continuance on two grounds. First, Defendant stated that he had learned that morning that a police vehicle’s surveillance tape, which Defendant had subpoenaed, had been destroyed, and Defendant requested that the “State produce some kind of explanation as to why this pertinent evidence was destroyed.” Second, Defendant stated that some of his witnesses were in court “all day yesterday . . . and unable to come back at this time.”

According to the prosecutor, it was the Durham Police Department’s policy to destroy such tapes after ninety days. The prosecutor also told the trial court that he was not aware that there had been a subpoena issued. The trial court then inquired as to whether Defendant had been fully arraigned, and the prosecutor responded negatively.

Defense counsel reiterated that she “wanted to make that preliminary motion to hold this matter open until we could get those witnesses and those tapes[.]” The trial court continued with the arraign[235]*235ment, and Defendant pled not guilty to charges of driving while impaired, misdemeanor fleeing to elude arrest, open container, assault on a government officer/employee, and resisting a public officer. After defense counsel spoke with Officer Swartz of the Durham Police Department, defense counsel told the trial court that the destroyed surveillance tapes were necessary to support Defendant’s defense regarding some of the charges and asked the trial court to dismiss those matters. The prosecutor, who tried the case in district court, stated that there was no subpoena or request for the tapes at district court and that there was no evidence presented by Defendant that would have supported any type of witness on the scene “that would be able to explain away surveillance tapes by the officers.” The prosecutor then stated that the State was ready to proceed since both officers who were involved in the arrest were present.

Defendant’s attorney responded that Defendant’s testimony at trial supported the need for the surveillance tape. Defendant’s attorney then stated that she had “subpoenaed the convenience store” where the incident occurred and had not “heard back.” She further stated that “it has been less than thirty days since the appeal... it has not been enough time for us to get those subpoenas out and get the information back from those persons.” Defense counsel again brought it to the court’s attention that some defense witnesses were not present. The court denied the motion to continue, stating “[i]f it comes to the point that you present evidence today, I’ll recess until in the morning so you can have your witnesses present.” The trial then began, Defendant was convicted of resisting a public officer in the performance of his duties. Defendant appealed.

On appeal, Defendant asserts the trial court violated N.C. Gen. Stat. § 15A-943, which sets forth the following rules with respect to calendaring trials and formal arraignments:

(a) In counties in which there are regularly scheduled 20 or more weeks of trial sessions of superior court at which criminal cases are heard, and in other counties the Chief Justice designates, the prosecutor must calendar arraignments in the superior court on at least the first day of every other week in which criminal cases are heard. No cases in which the presence of a jury is required may be calendared for the day or portion of a day during which arraignments are calendared.
[236]*236(b) When a defendant pleads not guilty at an arraignment required by subsection (a), he may not be.tried without his consent in the week in which he is arraigned.

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 15A-943.

Failure to follow the requirements of N.C. Gen. Stat. § 15A-943(a) “is not necessarily reversible error; a defendant still must demonstrate prejudice.” State v. Cates, 140 N.C. App. 548, 551, 537 S.E.2d 508, 510 (2000) (citation omitted). However, “[u]nless a defendant has waived the statutory protection[,]” violation of the requirements of N.C. Gen. Stat. § 15A-943(b) “constitutes automatic reversible error; no prejudice need be shown.” Id. (citation omitted). While the statute may be waived by a defendant’s failure to object, State v. Davis, 38 N.C. App. 672, 675, 248 S.E.2d 883, 886 (1978), to preserve the statutory right, a defendant need not explicitly cite the statute in his objection. Rather, it is sufficient if the defendant’s objection or motion to continue relates to the “purposes for which the statute was enacted.” Cates, 140 N.C. App. at 551, 537 S.E.2d at 510. “[T]he purpose of section 15A-943(b) is to allow both sides a sufficient interlude in order to prepare for trial.” id. (citing State v. Shook, 293 N.C. 315, 318, 237 S.E.2d 843, 846 (1977)).

It is undisputed that Defendant was arraigned on the same day on which his trial began. Defendant twice moved the trial court to continue his case during his formal arraignment so he could obtain evidence which he subpoenaed and so his witnesses would be available. Defense counsel specifically stated that “it has not been enough time for us to get those subpoenas out and get the information back from those persons.” The trial court, by immediately proceeding to trial, violated N.C. Gen. Stat. § 15A-943(b), which Defendant adequately invoked. The trial court therefore committed reversible error in proceeding to try Defendant on the same day as he was arraigned.

The State contends that Defendant waived his statutory protection under N.C. Gen. Stat. § 15A-943(b) by failing to assert that his need for a continuance was based upon the purposes for which the statute was enacted. In support of- its argument, the State cites Davis, 38 N.C. App. 672, 248 S.E.2d 883. Crucially, however, in Davis, the defendant “did not move for a continuance under N.C. Gen. Stat. 15A-943(b), but moved for a continuance on the very narrow ground that a subpoena had been issued but not served on an essential defense witness.” Id. at 675, 248 S.E.2d at 885.

[237]*237The instant case is analogous not to Davis but to the unpublished State v. McCluney, 2002 N.C. App.

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Related

State v. Isenhour
691 S.E.2d 132 (Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2010)
State v. McNair
674 S.E.2d 480 (Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2009)
State v. Vereen
628 S.E.2d 408 (Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2006)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
628 S.E.2d 408, 177 N.C. App. 233, 2006 N.C. App. LEXIS 847, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-vereen-ncctapp-2006.