State v. McGaugh

427 P.3d 978
CourtCourt of Appeals of Kansas
DecidedJune 22, 2018
DocketNo. 117,599
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 427 P.3d 978 (State v. McGaugh) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Kansas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. McGaugh, 427 P.3d 978 (kanctapp 2018).

Opinion

Per Curiam:

Dennis McGaugh III seeks to appeal the district court's order denying his motion to seal the probable cause affidavit that led to his arrest in this case. McGaugh contends that the district court erred in its legal interpretation of the statute that governs release of the affidavit, K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 22-2302(c)(4)(C). But since McGaugh's criminal case has not yet reached a final judgment, a criminal defendant cannot take an interlocutory appeal, and the collateral order doctrine does not apply. Finding our lack of subject matter jurisdiction glaring, we dismiss McGaugh's prejudgment appeal without reaching the merits.

Factual and procedural background

McGaugh was charged with first-degree murder in March 2017. Although he was 17 *981years old at the time, the district court authorized the State to try him as an adult. A reporter for the Wichita Eagle newspaper filed a request for the release of the underlying probable cause affidavit after McGaugh's arraignment, following the procedures set out in K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 22-2302 that allow for that release. In response, both McGaugh and the State filed motions to seal the affidavit or, in the alternative, to redact portions of it.

McGaugh sought to have four statements redacted:

• That he was a gang member;
• that he was on GPS monitoring for another crime at the time of the murder;
• that shell casings found at the scene were the same brand as some found at his home; and
• that he possessed a firearm when he was arrested.

The State, citing public and witness safety concerns, sought to redact the names of certain persons in the affidavit and to replace them with initials.

McGaugh and the State argued their motions at a hearing. The Wichita Eagle was not present to advocate for the release of the affidavit because it waived hearing after McGaugh's counsel "indicated his belief that no hearing should be held."

The relevant statute provides that "[a]fter the warrant or summons has been executed, such affidavits or sworn testimony shall be made available to ... any person, when requested, in accordance with the requirements of this subsection." K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 22-2302(c)(1). The statute provides 10 grounds for granting a motion to seal or redact an affidavit. K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 22-2302(c)(4)(A)-(J).

McGaugh relied on the provision that "[t]he magistrate shall make appropriate redactions, or seal the affidavits or sworn testimony, as necessary to prevent public disclosure of information that would ... interfere with any prospective law enforcement action, criminal investigation or prosecution." K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 22-2302(c)(4)(C). He argued that to "interfere with ... prosecution" includes interfering with the defense. The district court rejected that argument, reasoning that had the legislature intended such meaning, it would have included appropriate language. The district court denied McGaugh's motion but granted the State's motion for redaction.

McGaugh then moved to stay the release of the redacted affidavit so that he could appeal the ruling. The State did not object and the Wichita Eagle was not present to object. The district court granted the request to stay. McGaugh appealed and his counsel filed a docketing statement form that he had substantially altered from the required form. The Wichita Eagle then moved for involuntary dismissal of the appeal for lack of jurisdiction. We denied the motion, retained the appeal "on present showing," and ordered the parties to brief the question of jurisdiction for the panel.

McGaugh's appeal addresses jurisdiction, then contends the district court erred in denying his motion to seal the affidavit. Because our lack of jurisdiction is so clear, we do not reach the merits.

We lack jurisdiction over a defendant's appeal of a pretrial ruling in a criminal case.

An appellate court has a duty to question jurisdiction on its own initiative. "Appellate courts have only such jurisdiction as is provided by law." In re N.A.C. , 299 Kan. 1100, 1106, 329 P.3d 458 (2014) (citing Williams v. Lawton , 288 Kan. 768, 778, 207 P.3d 1027 [ (2009) ] ). Appellate courts exercise unlimited review over jurisdictional issues. Kaelter v. Sokol , 301 Kan. 247, Syl. ¶ 1, 340 P.3d 1210 (2015).

The statutory basis for jurisdiction

Appellate courts are courts of limited jurisdiction and the right to access the appellate courts is wholly statutory. State v. Smith , 304 Kan. 916, 919, 377 P.3d 414 (2016). In defining appellate jurisdiction, "[a]n appellate court has no authority to create an exception to statutory jurisdictional requirements." Wiechman v. Huddleston , 304 Kan. 80, Syl. ¶ 2, 370 P.3d 1194 (2016).

The primary statute granting a defendant the right to appeal in a criminal case is K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 22-3602(a). That statute *982grants a defendant the right to appeal only "from any judgment against the defendant in the district court." K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 22-3602(a). No appeal may be taken by a defendant in a criminal case until judgment is final. State v. Hickerson , 184 Kan. 483

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
427 P.3d 978, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-mcgaugh-kanctapp-2018.