State v. Lund

858 P.2d 829, 124 Idaho 290, 1993 Ida. App. LEXIS 135
CourtIdaho Court of Appeals
DecidedAugust 25, 1993
DocketNos. 20308, 20309 and 20310
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 858 P.2d 829 (State v. Lund) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Idaho Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Lund, 858 P.2d 829, 124 Idaho 290, 1993 Ida. App. LEXIS 135 (Idaho Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

PERRY, Judge.

Terrence Robert Lund filed a motion to dismiss a charge of felony driving without privileges (DWP) for failure to timely prosecute pursuant to I.C. § 19-3501. The district court denied Lund’s motion, and he subsequently entered a conditional plea of guilty, pursuant to I.C.R. 11(a)(2), reserving the right to appeal the denial of his motion to dismiss. Prior to sentencing, Lund was charged with an additional felony driving without privileges. Lund failed to appear for his sentencing on the first DWP charge. A new information was filed charging an additional count of felony bail jumping pursuant to I.C. § 18-7401. Lund eventually appeared and pled guilty to the second felony DWP and the felony bail jumping. For each of the three charges, the court imposed a three-year indeterminate sentence, with one year of minimum confinement, to be served concurrently. Lund appeals from the denial of his motion to dismiss, as well as the sentences imposed. We affirm.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

On July 31, 1991, an information was filed against Lund for felony driving without privileges pursuant to I.C. § 18-8001(4). The original trial was scheduled for October 28, 1991, along with four other trials set to begin that date. The trial did not take place as scheduled. On January 6, 1992, the trial was reset for March 9, 1992.

On March 2, 1992, Lund filed a motion to dismiss, alleging the state’s failure to prosecute his case in a timely manner. The motion was heard on March 6,1992. Citing the over-burdened calendar of Cassia County as good cause, and finding no prejudice against the defense as a result of the delay, the district court denied the motion.

On March 9, 1992, the date set for trial, Lund appeared with counsel and, pursuant to an agreement with the state, entered a conditional plea of guilty. In his plea, Lund specifically reserved for appeal the issue of whether the district court erred in denying his motion to dismiss. The court accepted Lund’s guilty plea and scheduled sentencing for May 8, 1992.

A second information was filed on April 16, 1992, charging Lund with an additional and separate felony DWP. Arraignment was scheduled for May 8, 1992, the same date as the sentencing for the first felony DWP charge. Lund failed to appear on May 8, and the district court issued a bench warrant. As a result of Lund’s failure to appear at the May 8 sentencing/arraignment, an information was filed with the district court on August 29, 1992, charging Lund with felony bail jumping.

Lund was arrested pursuant to the warrant and pled guilty to the second DWP and the bail jumping charge on October 1, 1992. Lund requested at that time that the district court immediately proceed with sentencing for all three charges. This request was granted and the district court imposed three indeterminate sentences of three years, with one year of minimum confinement, to be served concurrently. Lund appealed.

[292]*292ANALYSIS

Although the issue of whether a defendant’s right to a speedy trial has been denied is initially a matter within the trial judge’s discretion, In re Rash, 64 Idaho 521, 526, 134 P.2d 420, 421 (1943), on appeal, we conduct an independent review of the lower court’s decision. State v. Stuart, 113 Idaho 494, 496, 745 P.2d 1115, 1117 (Ct.App.1987).

Lund claims that he was deprived of his right to speedy trial as guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, by Article I, Section 13 of the Idaho Constitution and by I.C. § 19-3501. When evaluating an alleged violation of the right to speedy trial, the United States Supreme Court, in Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514, 92 S.Ct. 2182, 33 L.Ed.2d 101 (1972), refused to adopt a rule that would require criminal matters to be tried within a certain number of days or months, finding that the nature of the speedy trial right guaranteed by the federal constitution neither requires nor permits the prescription of such a precise time period. The Court further stated that while the right to a speedy trial does not guarantee that a criminal matter will be tried within any specific time period, states could prescribe reasonable time periods consistent with constitutional standards. Id. at 523, 92 S.Ct. at 2188. The Idaho legislature, in adopting I.C. § 19-3501, chose to establish such a time limit.

In order for Lund to prevail, he must first establish a prima facie case under I.C. § 19-3501, which states in relevant part:

The court, unless good cause to the contrary is shown, must order the prosecution or indictment to be dismissed, in the following cases:
2. If a defendant, whose trial has not been postponed upon his application, is not brought to trial within six (6) months from the date that the indictment or information is filed with the court.

Lund must therefore show both that he was not brought to trial within six months and that any postponement was not by his application. In this case, there is no dispute that these conditions are met. The March 9, 1992, trial date was six months and thirty-eight days after the information was filed. Furthermore, the record indicates that the reason for the delay was an overcrowded court docket and thus not attributable to Lund.

Once this prima facie case is established, the burden then shifts to the state to show “good cause.” State v. Hobson, 99 Idaho 200, 202, 579 P.2d 697 (1978). “Good cause means there is a substantial reason which rises to the level of a legal .excuse for the delay. There is no fixed rule for determining good cause for the delay of a trial. Initially, the matter is left to the discretion of the trial court.” State v. Johnson, 119 Idaho 56, 58, 803 P.2d 557, 559 (Ct.App.1990).

In determining “good cause” under this statute, Idaho courts have adopted the balancing test set forth in Barker v. Wingo, supra. State v. Carter, 103 Idaho 917, 655 P.2d 434 (1981). The factors, as enumerated in Barker and adopted in various Idaho decisions are: (1) the length of the delay; (2) the reason or reasons for the delay; (3) the defendant’s assertion of his or her rights; and (4) prejudice to the defendant occasioned by the delay. State v. Sindak, 116 Idaho 185, 774 P.2d 895 (1989); State v. Holtslander, 102 Idaho 306, 629 P.2d 702 (1981); State v. Wavrick, 123 Idaho 83, 844 P.2d 712 (Ct.App.1992). Analysis under this test serves to both determine good cause under the statute and to ensure that state and federal constitutional guarantees are not violated.

A. Length of Delay

The longer the delay in a given case, the more weight will be given to this factor and the harder it will be to show good cause.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

State v. Dustin Jade Mrgan
400 P.3d 638 (Idaho Court of Appeals, 2017)
State v. Rodriquez-Perez
921 P.2d 206 (Idaho Court of Appeals, 1996)
State v. Beck
913 P.2d 1186 (Idaho Court of Appeals, 1996)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
858 P.2d 829, 124 Idaho 290, 1993 Ida. App. LEXIS 135, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-lund-idahoctapp-1993.