State v. Delk

781 N.W.2d 426, 2010 Minn. App. LEXIS 64, 2010 WL 1753290
CourtCourt of Appeals of Minnesota
DecidedMay 4, 2010
DocketA09-1125
StatusPublished
Cited by55 cases

This text of 781 N.W.2d 426 (State v. Delk) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Minnesota primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Delk, 781 N.W.2d 426, 2010 Minn. App. LEXIS 64, 2010 WL 1753290 (Mich. Ct. App. 2010).

Opinion

OPINION

HUDSON, Judge.

On appeal from his sentencing for second-degree unintentional murder, appellant argues that his sentence must be overturned because, although it is within the presumptive-sentence range, it is longer than the “middle-of-the-box” presumptive sentence. Because any sentence within the guideline range is not a departure from the presumptive sentence, we affirm.

FACTS

In November 2005, David Delk attended a birthday party in a St. Cloud apartment and was asked to leave. Later that night, Delk returned to the apartment with his cousin appellant Antonio Delk and others for an altercation. Appellant, who did not attend the party, brought with him a .40 caliber semiautomatic pistol and brandished it inside the apartment before he and *428 his group were kicked out of the apartment building. Outside of the building, appellant fired three shots toward the unit where the party was taking place. One of the shots struck and killed Tiara Jo Mar-tell.

Following a jury trial, appellant was convicted of second-degree intentional murder, second-degree unintentional murder, third-degree depraved-mind murder, and second-degree assault. The district court then sentenced appellant to 398 months for the second-degree intentional murder conviction and imposed no sentences for the remaining three convictions. Appellant appealed his conviction to the court of appeals. This court held that the evidence was insufficient to support a conviction for intentional second-degree murder and remanded for resen-tencing, leaving the other convictions intact. On remand, the district court dismissed the intentional second-degree murder charge and vacated the conviction for that count. The district court then adopted the jury’s guilty verdict on the second-degree unintentional murder count, entered a judgment of conviction, and sentenced appellant to 240 months. This appeal follows.

ISSUE

Did the district court abuse its discretion by sentencing appellant within the sentencing guideline range but above the “middle-of-the-box” presumptive sentence?

ANALYSIS

Appellant argues that the district court abused its discretion by imposing a 240-month sentence for the charge of second-degree unintentional murder. A 240-month sentence is within the presumptive-sentence range of 179 months to 252 months applicable to this offense. Minn. Sent. Guidelines IV (2006). Nevertheless, appellant contends that the district court should have imposed the “middle-of-the-box” sentence of 210 months, see id., and claims that any sentence other than the “middle-of-the-box” sentence is a departure from the presumptive sentence. We disagree.

Sentences imposed by the district court are reviewed for abuse of discretion. State v. Ford, 539 N.W.2d 214, 229 (Minn.1995). This court will not generally review a district court’s exercise of its discretion to sentence a defendant when the sentence imposed is within the presumptive guidelines range. State v. Starnes, 396 N.W.2d 676, 681 (Minn.App.1986). “Presumptive sentences are seldom overturned.” State v. Andren, 347 N.W.2d 846, 848 (Minn.App.1984). Only in a “rare” case will a reviewing court reverse imposition of a presumptive sentence. State v. Kindem, 313 N.W.2d 6, 7 (Minn.1981). This court will generally not exercise its authority to modify a sentence within the presumptive range “absent compelling circumstances.” State v. Freyer, 328 N.W.2d 140, 142 (Minn.1982).

Here, while appellant’s sentence is within the presumptive range, appellant argues that the presumptive sentence is only the first number in the box on the sentencing guidelines grid. But any sentence within the presumptive range for the convicted offense constitutes a presumptive sentence. See Minn. Sent. Guidelines II, IV (noting that the presumptive sentence is determined by locating the appropriate cell of the sentencing guidelines grid containing ranges of months, “within which a judge may sentence without the sentence being deemed a departure”); State v. Jackson, 749 N.W.2d 353, 359 n. 2 (Minn.2008) (“All three numbers in any given cell constitute an acceptable sentence.... ”). A sentence within the range provided in the appropriate box on the sentencing *429 guidelines grid is not a departure from the presumptive sentence. Therefore, the district court did not abuse its discretion in sentencing appellant to 240 months.

Appellant further argues that the district court cannot impose a 240-month sentence because that sentence is 30 months more than the “middle-of-the-box” sentence of 210 months for second-degree unintentional murder, whereas the sentence originally imposed for the overturned second-degree intentional murder charge was 398 months, only 12 months above the “middle-of-the-box” sentence of 386 months. To support his argument, appellant correctly states that a district court may not impose a longer sentence than the sentence originally imposed when a defendant is granted a new trial or when an appellate court sets aside a sentence and remands for resentencing. See State v. Holmes, 281 Minn. 294, 161 N.W.2d 650 (1968); State v. Prudhomme, 303 Minn. 376, 228 N.W.2d 243 (1975). But appellant misapplies the rule to this case. Prud-homme stands for the proposition that a sentence on remand may not exceed the length of the original sentence for that particular crime. 303 Minn, at 380, 228 N.W.2d at 246. The Prudhomme and Holmes rules are not based on constitutional grounds, but on procedural fairness and public policy. Id. Appellant argues that the district court here “departed” from the presumptive sentence at a greater degree than the initial sentence and that Prudhomme should apply to “equalize” the departure. But, as discussed above, the district court did not depart from the presumptive sentence. Appellant was originally sentenced for intentional murder, not unintentional murder. A sentence for unintentional murder was not previously set. Furthermore, the sentence ultimately imposed on remand was 152 months shorter than the sentence originally imposed for the intentional murder charge. Although the new sentence is further toward the upper end of the box for the offense on which appellant is now being sentenced, it remains significantly shorter than the original sentence.

The district court based its sentence on the presence of other people in the building where appellant was shooting, which showed a “level of recklessness ... that was above and beyond that ... which would be required for a sentence to the mid-range of the guidelines box.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
781 N.W.2d 426, 2010 Minn. App. LEXIS 64, 2010 WL 1753290, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-delk-minnctapp-2010.