School District No. 12 v. Security Life of Denver Insurance Co.

185 P.3d 781, 2008 Colo. LEXIS 572, 2008 WL 2230818
CourtSupreme Court of Colorado
DecidedJune 2, 2008
Docket07SC340
StatusPublished
Cited by489 cases

This text of 185 P.3d 781 (School District No. 12 v. Security Life of Denver Insurance Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Colorado primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
School District No. 12 v. Security Life of Denver Insurance Co., 185 P.3d 781, 2008 Colo. LEXIS 572, 2008 WL 2230818 (Colo. 2008).

Opinions

Justice BENDER

delivered the Opinion of the Court.

I. Introduction

We granted certiorari in this eminent domain proceeding, to review the court of appeals' opinion in School District No. 12 v. Security Life of Denver Insurance Co., 179 [783]*783P.3d 1 (Colo.App.2007) (selected for official publication), in which the court of appeals held that the trial court's confirmation of the jury verdict was an improper change of substance and, thus, remanded the case to the trial court for a partial retrial.1 In this case, Petitioner/Cross-Respondent School District No. 12, a quasimunicipal corporation in Adams County, Colorado, now known as Adams 12 Five Star Schools, seeks to condemn, through its power of eminent domain, 138 acres of land owned by Respondent/Cross-Petitioner Security Life of Denver Insurance Co. This appeal involves three issues: (1) whether the trial court's confirmation of the jury verdict was an improper change of substance; (2) whether the court of appeals incorrectly awarded "interim damages" to Security Life as compensation for the condemnation of its entire property; and (3) whether Security Life is entitled to attorney fees.

Due to the way that the School District structured its petition for condemnation and its amendment to that petition, this case involves two distinct and separable condemnations that were tried in a single condemnation proceeding: one in which the School District would condemn 60 of the 188 acres ("Parcel A") on February 19, 2004, the date the School District took possession of the 60 acres, thus resulting in damages to the rest of the property; and another in which the School District would first condemn Parcel A on February 19, 2004, and would then condemn the remaining 78 acres ("Parcel B") on February 7, 2005, the date of trial.

We conclude that the jury followed the requirements set forth in the jury instructions and answered the interrogatories contained in the verdict form accordingly, and that the trial court's ruling reflected the jury's intent. Hence, we hold that the trial court's ruling was a permissible change of form because it did nothing more than confirm what the jury had already determined: that if the School District wanted to condemn all 138 acres, then it must compensate Seeu-rity Life first for taking Parcel A on February 19, 2004, which resulted in damages to Parcel B, and then for taking Parcel B on February 7, 2005.

Because the School District will condemn all 138 acres, Security Life is not entitled to damages. As part of its holding, the court of appeals remanded the case to the trial court to determine the value of damages to Parcel B for the period between the date the School District took possession of Parcel A and the date the School District took possession of Parcel B. We vacate this holding to the extent that it can be construed to create a category of so-called interim damages.

Under section 88-1-122(1.5), C.R.S. (2007), a landowner is entitled to attorney fees if the condemnation award equals or exceeds 130 percent of the last written offer given to the landowner prior to the filing of the condemnation proceeding. This case involves two distinct and separable condemnations that were tried in a single condemnation proceeding. The School District made a written offer to purchase Parcel A before filing its petition in condemnation to acquire Parcel A. Before amending its petition in condemnation to acquire Parcel B as well, the School District made a written offer to purchase both Parcel A and Parcel B. Because the condemnation award in either scenario exceeds 130 percent of the School District's corresponding final written offer, Security Life is entitled to attorney fees under the statute. Security Life requests attorney fees incurred on appeal and states section 88-1-122(1.5) as its legal basis for such fees. We direct the [784]*784trial court to determine whether Security Life is entitled to attorney fees incurred on appeal and, if so, to determine the reasonable amount of those fees.

For these reasons, we reverse the court of appeals' judgment and remand this case to that court to be returned to the trial court with directions to enter judgment pursuant to the trial court's order which requires the School District to pay Security Life $9,274,520 for the condemnation of all 188 acres.

II. Facts and Proceedings Below

Security Life owns approximately 138 acres of contiguous and similarly zoned land located immediately south of 128th Avenue, between Huron Street and Interstate 25 in Westminster, Colorado. On January 12, 2004, the School District made a final offer to purchase 60 of the 188 acres, Parcel A, for $3,250,000, which Security Life rejected. On January 16, 2004, the School District filed a petition in condemnation to acquire, through its power of eminent domain, Parcel A for the construction of a high school. On February 19, 2004, the trial court granted the School District possession of Parcel A.

On May 18, 2004, the School District made a final offer to purchase both Parcel A and the remaining 78 acres, Parcel B, for $6,564,492, which Security Life rejected. On June 15, 2004, the School District amended its petition in condemnation to acquire both Parcel A and Parcel B for construction of a high school, middle school, and sports stadium. However, because the School District had not yet determined if it would condemn the entire property, it did not seek immediate possession of Parcel B. Rather, the School District intended to wait until the value of Parcel B was determined at trial before deciding whether to condemn Parcel B.

At trial, the jury was instructed that the condemnation proceeding involved two parcels of land, Parcel A and Parcel B. Instruction No. 2 stated:

The property that the petitioner seeks to acquire is approximately 188 acres.... The petitioner seeks to acquire the property in two parcels. One is a roughly rectangular 6O-acre parcel located on the southeast corner of Huron Street and 128th Avenue ("Parcel A"). The other is an L-shaped 78-acre parcel surrounding two sides of Parcel A and directly abutting 128th Avenue, Interstate 25, and Huron Street ("Parcel B").

(Emphasis added).

The jury was further instructed that the condemnation proceeding involved two see-narios, one which was certain and in which possession had already occurred, and another which was hypothetical. The jury was required to value each of these scenarios. In the first scenario, in which possession occurred before the date of trial, the School District would condemn Parcel A on February 19, 2004, the date the School District took possession of Parcel A, thus resulting in damages to Parcel B. Instruction No. 2 stated:

The petitioner has had possession of Parcel A since February 19, 2004, and will acquire Parcel A.
Parcel B is the residue after Parcel A is taken. You must determine the reasonable market value of Pareel A as of February 19, 2004, and the damages, if any, to Parcel B.

In the second and hypothetical scenario, the School District would first condemn Parcel A on February 19, 2004, thus resulting in damages to Parcel B, and would then condemn Parcel B on February 7, 2005, the date of trial. Instruction No. 2 stated:

The petitioner does not have possession of Parcel B, but may acquire Parcel B at the conclusion of the trial.

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School District No. 12 v. Security Life of Denver Insurance Co.
185 P.3d 781 (Supreme Court of Colorado, 2008)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
185 P.3d 781, 2008 Colo. LEXIS 572, 2008 WL 2230818, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/school-district-no-12-v-security-life-of-denver-insurance-co-colo-2008.