Robert W. Flint, Jr. v. Francis Howard, Warden, Adult Correctional Institution

464 F.2d 1084

• Court: Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
• Decided: July 17, 1972
• Docket: 72-1010
• Status: Published

Opinions

PER CURIAM.

This is an appeal from a denial by the district court of a petition for a writ of habeas corpus. The petition was filed by a state prisoner who contends that his guilty plea was made involuntarily and without adequate knowledge of possible consequences. The district court entered an order denying the petition on October 27, 1971. Petitioner’s motion for reconsideration of the October 27 order, served on November 9, was denied by the court on December 2. A second motion for reconsideration was also denied, although the court did subsequently issue a certificate of probable cause for appeal under 28 U.S.C. § 2253.

A petition for a writ of habeas corpus is an “independent civil suit” rather than a part of the original criminal proceeding, Heflin v. United States, 358 U.S. 415, 418 n. 7, 79 S.Ct. 451, 3 (1959); Riddle v. Dyche, 262 U.S. 333, 336, 43 S.Ct. 555, 67 L.Ed. 1009 (1923), and as such is governed by the rules applicable to the disposition of civil cases. Notice of appeal in such cases must be filed within thirty days of final judgment in the district court, Rule 4(a), F.R.A.P.; 28 U.S.C. §§ 2107 and 2253, unless the running of such period is earlier terminated by the timely filing of any one of several enumerated motions, including motions for reconsideration under Rules 52(b) and 59(e), Fed.R.Civ.P. In order to have been timely, petitioner’s first motion for reconsideration of the October 27 order should have been filed within ten days —or by November 8. The untimeliness of the motion went unnoticed, however, and the district court considered and, after expiration of the thirty day appeal period, denied both motions for reconsideration on their merits.

In Jusino v. Morales & Tio, 139 F.2d 946 (1st Cir. 1944), we held that an untimely motion for reconsideration was a nullity and would not toll the statutory time in which to appeal even though the court considered and denied the motion on its merits. See also MacNeil Bros. Co. v. Cohen, 264 F.2d 190, 193 (1st Cir. 1959). The only exception to this general proposition has been fashioned to cover situations in which the movant has been induced to forego filing his notice of appeal within thirty days by some action by the district court indicating that the post-judgment motion was timely filed, when in fact it was not. See, e. g., Wolfsohn v. Hankin, 376 U.S. 203, 84 S.Ct. 699, 11 L.Ed.2d 636 (1964), rev’g, 116 U.S.App. D.C. 127, 321 F.2d 393 (1963); Thompson v. Immigration & Naturalization Service, 375 U.S. 384, 84 S.Ct. 397, 11 L.Ed.2d 404 (1964); Motteler v. J. A. Jones Const. Co., 447 F.2d 954 (7th Cir. 1971) ; Pierre v. Jordan, 333 F.2d 951 (9th Cir. 1964); 9 Moore’s Federal Practice If 204.12 [2] (2d ed. 1970); cf. Vine v. Beneficial Finance Co., 374 F.2d 627 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 389 U.S. 970, 88 S.Ct. 463, 19 L.Ed.2d 460 (1967).

*

This exception does not provide a basis for our jurisdiction over the present appeal, however, since the district court did not in any way contribute to petitioner’s failure to take an appeal within the allotted time. The mere filing in court of a motion noticed for hearing in due course is not such active court involvement in misleading a party as to invoke what has been called the Thompson-Wolfsohn rationale. The court did err on December 2 in denying petitioner’s first motion for reconsideration on its merits rather than dismissing it because of its untimeliness, but by the time the court acted the thirty day appeal period had already passed. It is true that petitioner might still have applied for a thirty day extension of the original appeal period on an allegation of “excusable neglect”, Rule 4(a), F.R. A.P., but no facts have been brought to our attention which would indicate that such an allegation could have been sustained. This is not a case in which petitioner failed to learn of the entry of judgment to his prejudice or a case in-volving other “extraordinary” circumstances. See Committee Note of 1966 to amended subdivision (a) of Rule 73, Fed.R.Civ.P. (recodified in 1968 as Rule 4(a), F.R.A.P.), reproduced in 9 Moore’s Federal Practice 203.25 [3] (2d ed. 1970). A finding of “excusable neglect” on the facts of the present case would therefore have been unwarranted. See, e. g., Pasquale v. Finch, 418 F.2d 627 (1st Cir. 1969); 9 Moore’s Federal Practice fí 204.13 [1] (2d ed. 1970).

The appeal is dismissed for lack of jurisdiction.

We are aware of one case where, on similar facts, an appeal out of time and absent any court-induced delay was considered on its merits. United States ex rel. Nowakowski v. Maroney, 396 F.2d 802 (3d Cir. 1968). This case, it seems to us, can be explained only as an overcautious reaction to a Supreme Court mandate in the same matter. 386 U.S. 542, 87 S.Ct. 1197, 18 L.Ed.2d 282 (1967). The Supreme Court’s mandate appears to us to have been directed merely to the requirement that, when a district court has issued a certificate of probable cause, a court of appeals must allow the docketing of the appeal in forma pauperis (assuming the requisite showing of poverty has been made) and must then proceed to a disposition in the ordinary manner. As pointed out on the first occasion which the Third Circuit had to deal with the case after remand, 387 F.2d 324 (1967), the Supreme Court did not allude in its opinion to the chronology of the appeal and the problem of lack of timeliness does not appear to have been a factor in the Court’s determination.