Polk County v. Rogers

85 S.W.3d 781, 2002 Tenn. App. LEXIS 200
CourtCourt of Appeals of Tennessee
DecidedMarch 18, 2002
StatusPublished

This text of 85 S.W.3d 781 (Polk County v. Rogers) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Tennessee primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Polk County v. Rogers, 85 S.W.3d 781, 2002 Tenn. App. LEXIS 200 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2002).

Opinion

OPINION

HOUSTON M. GODDARD, P.J.,

delivered the opinion of the court,

in which HERSCHEL P. FRANKS and D. MICHAEL SWINEY, JJ„ joined.

In this appeal from the Polk County Chancery Court the Appellant, Glenda B. Rogers, d/b/a Ocoee River Rats, contends that evidence presented at trial showed that the classification of whitewater rafting businesses and their customers under a private act applicable to the Appellee, Polk County, assessing a privilege tax on guided rafting ticket sales by such businesses in Polk County is without reasonable basis and that the Trial Court’s finding to the contrary was in error. We affirm the judgment of the Trial Court and we adjudge costs of the appeal against the Appellant.

An opinion was previously rendered by this Court in this case on February 28, 2000, wherein we reversed the Trial Court’s judgment against the Appellant, Glenda B. Rogers d/b/a Ocoee River Rats, for privilege taxes assessed by the Appel-lee, Polk County, for the years 1988, 1989, 1990 and 1991. These taxes were assessed pursuant to authority conferred upon Polk County by the legislature in Chapter Two, Private Acts of 1981 and subsequent amendment by Chapter 135, Private Acts of 1991. Our reversal of the Trial Court’s judgment was based upon our conclusion that this Private Act was inconsistent with the general law in this state which provides that businesses like that of the Appellant shall be exempt from such taxation. [783]*783We did, however, remand the case to the Trial Court for its determination as to whether a reasonable basis exists for Polk County’s assessment of a privilege tax on whitewater businesses such as that of the Appellant in suspension of the general law. On remand the Trial Court found that such reasonable basis does exist and reinstated its previous judgment against the Appellant for the delinquent taxes.

The issues presented for our review in this appeal are restated as follows:

1. Is a private act which authorizes imposition of a privilege tax upon the sale of rafting tickets by commercial whitewater rafting businesses in Polk County in violation of the Tennessee Constitution because such act is contrary to the general law in Tennessee and because there is no reasonable basis for the special classification of such transactions?

2. Was a private act which authorizes imposition of a privilege tax upon the sale of rafting tickets by commercial whitewater rafting businesses in Polk County repealed by implication by adoption of T.C.A. 67-6-330(a)(9)?

3. Does a private act which authorizes imposition of a privilege tax upon the sale of rafting tickets by commercial whitewater rafting businesses in Polk County violate the general law of Tennessee by imposing a higher tax rate than is allowed by statute?

Our standard of review in this non-jury case is de novo upon the record of the proceedings below. There is no presumption of correctness with regards to a trial court’s conclusions of law. Campbell v. Florida Steel Corp., 919 S.W.2d 26 (Tenn.1996). There is, however, a presumption that findings of fact by a trial court are correct and, absent evidence preponderating to the contrary, we must hon- or that presumption. Union Carbide Corp. v. Huddleston, 854 S.W.2d 87 (Tenn.1993).

Polk County consists of two population areas separated by 151,000 acres of the Cherokee National Forest which comprise 54% of the total land area of the county. The Ocoee River flows east to west through the center portion of the county primarily within the boundaries of the Cherokee National Forest. Since 1980 the Ocoee has been open to recreational whitewater rafting and kayaking and, at the time of trial, 24 commercial whitewater rafting establishments were doing business in Polk County offering guided raft trips down the river. Rafting season runs for a total of 116 days each year from the last weekend of March until the first weekend in November. During the rafting season of 1999, an estimated one million people visited the Ocoee area of Polk County. A data report prepared by the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation and introduced as evidence in this case reveals that an estimated 301,000 people actually used the river that year. There was also testimony presented at trial that 36,000 of those 301,000 people were private paddlers while the remainder were customers of commercial rafting establishments. Further testimony at trial shows that estimated gross revenues realized by the commercial rafting industry doing business in Polk County are between seven and a half to nine million dollars per year just from sales of rafting tickets alone and not including receipts from ancillary sales of other items such as T-shirts.

On February 9, 1981, a private act was passed by the state legislature designated Chapter 2, Private Acts of 1981 and referred to herein as The Private Act’ or 'the Act’. In its preamble the Act acknowledges that the Hiwassee and Ocoee Rivers which flow through Polk County attract an increasing number of canoeing and rafting [784]*784enthusiasts, that “[t]he influx of these enthusiasts has placed an increased burden on Polk County’s local inhabitants to provide law enforcement, traffic control, and first-aid and ambulance services out of proportion to the needs of the local citizenry” and that “[a]t least a portion of the expenses of this greater service burden should be borne by the tourists for whose use and protection the needed services are provided”. In acknowledgment of these factors the Act authorizes Polk County to levy a privilege tax as follows:

SECTION 2. The legislative body of Polk County is hereby authorized to levy a privilege tax upon the privilege of a consumer paying consideration for admission for an amusement. Such tax shall be imposed on the consideration charged by the operator at a rate equivalent to the combined rate imposed by the state and Polk County under the “Retailers’ Sales Tax Act” and the “1963 Local Option Revenue Act” pursuant to Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 67, Chapter 30, as the same may be amended and adopted. Such tax so imposed is a privilege tax upon the consumer enjoying the amusement, and is to be collected and distributed as provided in this act.

The Act defines ‘amusement’ as “any ride, excursion, or float trip by canoe, raft, or similar floating device on a whitewater river where a fee is charged by any person for such ride, excursion, or float trip, which charge is otherwise not included as a taxable privilege under the “Retailers’ Sales Tax Act” imposed by Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 67, Chapter 30”.

The Act was amended by Chapter No. 135 of the Private Acts of 1991 whereby the following language was deleted:

Such tax shall be imposed upon the consideration charged by the operator at a rate equivalent to the combined rate imposed by the state and Polk County under the “Retailers’ Sales Tax Act” and the “Local Option Revenue Act” pursuant to Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 67, Chapter 30, as the same may be amended and adopted.

Under the Act as amended this deleted language was replaced by the following:

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Union Carbide Corp. v. Huddleston
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Bluebook (online)
85 S.W.3d 781, 2002 Tenn. App. LEXIS 200, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/polk-county-v-rogers-tennctapp-2002.