Pena v. United States

192 F. Supp. 3d 483, 2016 WL 3659114
CourtDistrict Court, S.D. New York
DecidedJune 27, 2016
Docket09-CR-0341 (VM); 09-CV-4261 (VM)
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 192 F. Supp. 3d 483 (Pena v. United States) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Pena v. United States, 192 F. Supp. 3d 483, 2016 WL 3659114 (S.D.N.Y. 2016).

Opinion

DECISION AND ORDER

VICTOR. MARRERO, United States District Judge.

Petitioner Jose Pena (“Pena”) filed this motion pursuant to 28 U.S.C. Section 2255 (“Section 2255”) to vacate, set aside, or otherwise correct his conviction and sentence. (“Motion,” Dkt. No. 369.) Pena is currently serving a sentence of life imprisonment after a jury found him guilty of one count of conspiracy to commit murder for hire in violation of 18 U.S.C. Section 1958,. two counts of murder for hue in violation of 18 U.S.C. Section 1958, and two counts of murder through use of a firearm during a crime of violence in violation of 18 U.S.C. Section 924(j). Pena claims he was denied his Sixth .Amendment right to the effective assistance of counsel and requests that his current sentence be vacated or, alternatively, that his case be remanded for an evidentiary hearing. Pena also challenges the legality of his sentence in light of Johnson v. United States, — U.S. —, 135 S.Ct. 2551, 192 L.Ed.2d 569 (2015), the United States Supreme Court decision that voided the rer sidual clause of the Armed Career Criminal Act (“ACQA”), 18 U.S.C., .Section 924(e)(2)(B)(ii) (“residual clause”), as unconstitutionally vague, (Id. at 4-5.) For the reasons discussed below, the Court DENIES Pena’s Motion in its entirety.

I. BACKGROUND1

By superseding indictment 09-Cr-341 (“Superseding Indictment”) filed on April [487]*48717, 2013 (Dkt. No. 152), the Government charged Pena with the following criminal offenses: (a) conspiracy to commit murder for hire, in violation of 18 U.S.C. Section 1958 (“Count Four”); (b) murder for hire, in violation of 18 U.S.C. Section 1958 and 2 (“Count Five and Six”); and (c) mprder through use of a firearm during a crime of violence, in violation of 18 U.S.C. Section 924(j) and 2 (“Count Seven and Eight”)2

Ronald Garnett of the Law Offices of Ronald L. Garnett (“Trial Counsel”) was retained as Pena’s trial counsel and subsequently represented Pena in all pretrial proceedings and at trial.

Jury trial against Pena commenced on October 15, 2013. (See Dkt. Minute Entry for Oct. 15, 2013.) On October 29, 2013, the jury found Pena guilty on all counts. (See Dkt. Minute Entry for Oct. 29, 2013.)

The Court sentenced Pena on December 19, 2014 to life imprisonment on each count, to run concurrently, (See Dkt. Minute Entry for Dec. 19, 2014; Dkt. No. 315.) At his sentencing, Pena was represented by Elizabeth Macedonio of Elizabeth E. Macedonio, P.C. (“Sentencing Counsel”).

Pena, through Sentencing Counsel, appealed his conviction to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit oh January 14, 2015. (Dkt. No. 319.) The Second Circuit affirmed the judgment by Mandate dated June 20, 2016. (Dkt. No. 370.)

Pena filed the instant Motion on June 7, 2016. Pena alleges that he was denied his Sixth Amendment right to effective assistance of counsel because Trial Counsel: (1) failed to move for severance of his trial from that of his co-defendant and brother, Hector Pena (“Hector”); (2) failed to advise Pena during the plea bargain negotiation process that if he was convicted at trial, the charges carried mandatory life without release; (3) failed to argue at trial that prior to 2004, the murder for hire statute required the Government to prove that , a telephone was used in interstate commerce; (4) failed to advise Pena that the ultimate decision whether to testify belonged to him; (5) was ineffective during cross-examination; (6) failed to object to the dismissal of a juror without questioning her; (7) failed to move to dismiss one of the 18 U.S.C. Section 924(j) offenses because both charges were tied to the same offense; and (8) failed to move for a continuance of the. trial in order to obtain a new private .investigator. Pena further alleges that he was denied his Sixth Amendment right to effective assistance of counsel because Sentencing Counsel failed to raise the claim that the jury was required to determine whether death did in fact result from Pena’s involvement in the murder for hire as required by 18 U.S.C. 1958. (Dkt. No. 369.)

In addition, Pena argues that the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Johnson v. United States, — U.S. —, 135 S.Ct. 2551, 192 L.Ed.2d 569 (2015), voiding the residual clause of the Armed Career Criminal Act (“ACCA”), 18 U.S.C. Section 924(e)(2)(B)(ii) (“residual clause”), as unconstitutionally vague, should be extended to the “residual clause” in 18 U.S.C. Section 924(j) which prohibits the use of a firearm in the furtherance of a violent crime. (Id. at 4-5.) Finally, Pena argues that pursuant -to Johnson, murder for hire does not qualify as a crime of violence,' and therefore his conviction for the 18 U.S.C. 924(j) offense must be vacated. For the reasons set forth below, the Court DENIES the Motion.

[488]*488II. LEGAL STANDARD ■

A. SECTION 2255

A person in federal custody may move to vacate, set aside, or correct his sentence if it was imposed in violation of “the Constitution or laws of the United States,” or “the court was without jurisdiction to impose such sentence,” or “the sentence was in excess of the maximum authorized by law, or is otherwise subject to collateral attack.” 28 U.S.C. Section 2255(a).

The Court notes that Pena is a pro se litigant. As such, his submission must be held to “less stringent standards than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers.” Ferran v. Town of Nassau, 11 F.3d 21, 22 (2d Cir.1993) (internal citation omitted). The Court must construe Pena’s submissions “liberally and interpret them to raise the strongest arguments that they suggest.” McPherson v. Coombe, 174 F.3d 276, 280 (2d Cir.1999) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted).

A pro se litigant, however, is not exempt “from compliance with relevant rules of procedural and substantive law.” Boddie v. N.Y. State Div. of Parole, 285 F.Supp.2d 421, 426 (S.D.N.Y.2003) (quoting Traguth v. Zuck, 710 F.2d 90, 96 (2d Cir.1983)).

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Bluebook (online)
192 F. Supp. 3d 483, 2016 WL 3659114, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/pena-v-united-states-nysd-2016.