Monaghan Farms, Inc. v. City & County of Denver Ex Rel. Board of Water Commissioners

807 P.2d 9, 1991 WL 18449
CourtSupreme Court of Colorado
DecidedMarch 18, 1991
Docket89SA51
StatusPublished
Cited by24 cases

This text of 807 P.2d 9 (Monaghan Farms, Inc. v. City & County of Denver Ex Rel. Board of Water Commissioners) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Colorado primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Monaghan Farms, Inc. v. City & County of Denver Ex Rel. Board of Water Commissioners, 807 P.2d 9, 1991 WL 18449 (Colo. 1991).

Opinions

Justice LOHR

delivered the Opinion of the Court.

The appellant, the City and County of Denver, acting by and through its Board of Water Commissioners (Denver), appeals from an amended decree of the District Court, Water Division No. 1 (water court), that granted the application of appellee Monaghan Farms, Inc. (Monaghan Farms) for determination of rights to “not nontri-butary” 1 ground water from the portion of [11]*11the Denver aquifer underlying Monaghan Farms’ property. The original decree specified the annual amount of withdrawals as 2590.8 acre-feet, the yield estimated by Monaghan Farms in its application. The amended decree revised that amount upward by 151.2 acre-feet per year to conform to the state engineer’s determination of the available water, under procedures prescribed in the original decree.

Denver challenges both the original and amended decrees because it contends that not nontributary ground water in the Denver aquifer must be treated as tributary water2 and therefore is subject to the requirements of prior appropriation. Denver argues that the water court could determine only a conditional water right for this not nontributary ground water because it has not been put to beneficial use. See § 37-92-103(6), (12), 15 C.R.S. (1990) (defining “conditional water right” and “water right”). Denver also contends that the published resumes describing Monaghan Farms’ original and amended applications for water rights were defective in several respects.

Monaghan Farms moved to dismiss Denver’s appeal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, and we reserved ruling on the motion until after oral argument. We now dismiss this appeal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction resulting from Denver’s failure to protest the referee’s ruling and appeal from the original decree. Because of the dismissal we do not address the issue of whether the law governing the appropriation of tributary water is applicable to waters in the Denver aquifer not within the definition of “nontributary ground water” under section 37-90-103(10.-5), 15 C.R.S. (1990).

I.

On May 30, 1985, Monaghan Farms applied for a decree determining rights to all the ground water in the Denver, Arapahoe and Laramie-Fox Hills aquifers beneath specified parcels of its property located in Adams County and outside the boundaries of any designated ground water basin. That application described the locations of wells proposed to be constructed to divert the water, the proposed well depths, the time that applications for well permits had been filed with the state engineer, the amount of ground water to be pumped annually, the proposed use of the water, and a description of the overlying land. The source of the ground water was specified to be nontributary ground water from the Denver, Arapahoe and Laramie-Fox Hills formations, and it was averred that the pumping of these wells would have de minimis impact on natural streams. The application also sought a determination that the rights to nontributary ground water sought to be adjudicated would not be subject to the requirements of section 37-92-301(4), 15 C.R.S. (1990), concerning periodic findings of reasonable diligence in applying water to beneficial use as necessary to maintain a conditional water right in effect. The water clerk published the resume of this application in May 1985. Thereafter, on December 30, 1985, upon the motion of Monaghan Farms, the water court trifurcated the application to create a separate application for each aquifer.3

After Monaghan Farms’ application was filed, the General Assembly adopted what is commonly known as Senate Bill 5, effective July 1, 1985. Ch. 285, 1985 Colo.Sess. Laws 1160-1169. Among its many provi[12]*12sions, that statute defined “nontributary ground water”4 and set forth requirements for judicially approved plans for augmentation concerning wells to be completed in the Denver aquifer, among others, that would withdraw “ground water which is not non-tributary ground water.” Ch. 285, sec. 2, § 37-90-103(10.5), sec. 3, § 37-90-137(9)(c), 1985 Colo.Sess.Laws 1160, 1161, 1165-66. The legislation did not specifically address whether rights to such ground water should be determined subject to the same requirements for appropriation as tributary ground water, including the requirement that only a conditional water right subject to reasonable diligence requirements can be decreed unless and until the appropriation is completed by application of water to beneficial use.

On December 30,1985, the same day that the water court granted trifurcation, Mona-ghan Farms submitted an amended application describing its request for determination of rights to Denver aquifer ground water. The application averred that the water is nontributary ground water as defined in section 37-90-103(10.5), 15 C.R.S. (1990), and estimated the amount of water to be produced annually as 2590.8 acre-feet. The application also included a request for a conditional water right in the event that the court determined that any portion of the ground water is not nontributary ground water as defined by section 37-90-103(10.5). This alternative request was set forth in paragraph 6 of the prayer for relief, which provides:

6. In the event that this Court determines that any portion of the subject ground water to be withdrawn by Applicant’s wells is not “nontributary ground water” as defined in C.R.S. § 37-90-103(10.5),
(a) specifically determining the quantity of such water available and the extent of the depletive effect on the natural stream system from its withdrawal, as contemplated in C.R.S. § 37-90-137(9)(c);
(b) retaining jurisdiction to approve a plan for augmentation providing for the replacement of actual stream depletion to the extent necessary to prevent any injurious effect prior to the use of such ground water;
(c) determining that the appropriation for such water was initiated on May 30, 1985 based upon Applicant’s intent and action, and granting conditional water rights for such water.

(Emphasis added.) The water clerk published a resume setting forth in full the relevant provisions of this application.

On February 24, 1986, Monaghan Farms amended its amended application. This amendment changed the caption of the case to read:

Amended Application for Nontributary Groundwater Rights in the Nontributary Denver Aquifer, or in the Alternative for Nontributary Groundwater Rights in the Nontributary Denver Aquifer and Quantification of Amount and Depletive Effects of Withdrawal of Not Nontributary Groundwater in the Denver Aquifer.

This amendment also revised Monaghan Farms’ alternative prayer, applicable in the [13]*13event the court should decide that any of the water to be withdrawn is not nontribu-tary. Monaghan asked:

6. In the event that this Court determines that any portion of the subject ground water to be withdrawn by Applicant’s wells is not “nontributary ground water” as defined in C.R.S, § 37-90-103(10.5):

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Bluebook (online)
807 P.2d 9, 1991 WL 18449, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/monaghan-farms-inc-v-city-county-of-denver-ex-rel-board-of-water-colo-1991.