Kilpakis v. JPMorgan Chase Financial Co.

229 F. Supp. 3d 133, 2017 WL 112518, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4073
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. New York
DecidedJanuary 10, 2017
Docket16-cv-2690 (ADS)(AKT)
StatusPublished
Cited by22 cases

This text of 229 F. Supp. 3d 133 (Kilpakis v. JPMorgan Chase Financial Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Kilpakis v. JPMorgan Chase Financial Co., 229 F. Supp. 3d 133, 2017 WL 112518, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4073 (E.D.N.Y. 2017).

Opinion

Memorandum of Decision & Order

SPATT, District Judge:

On May 26, 2016, the Plaintiff Bette Kilpakis commenced this action against the Defendants JPMorgan Chase Financial Company, LLC; America’s Servicing Company (“ASC”); and Equifax, Inc., alleging violations of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (“FCRA”), 15 U.S.C. § 1681 et seq.; the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act [137]*137("FDCPA”), 15 U.S.C. § 1692 et seq.; and the New York Fair Credit Reporting Act (“NYFCRA”), N.Y. Gen. Bus. L. § 380 et seq.

On August 3, 2016, ASC filed a motion, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6), seeking to dismiss the complaint on the ground that it fails to state a plausible claim for relief.

Thereafter, on August 26, 2016, the Plaintiff filed a separate motion, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a), seeking leave to file an amended complaint.

For the reasons that follow, ASC’s motion to dismiss is denied and the Plaintiff is granted leave to file an amended complaint.

I. Background

A. Materials Considered

The following pertinent facts are drawn from the complaint and the Plaintiffs proposed amended complaint (the “PAC”).

In its discretion, the Court has also considered the following documentary evidence: (1) a signed “Stipulation and Agreed Order” from a 2010 Suffolk County Supreme Court action styled HSBC Bank USA, National Association v. Bette Kilpakis, et al., Index No. 22080/2010; and (2) correspondence between the Plaintiff arid ASC dated December 14, 2015 and January 13, 2016. In the Court’s view, consideration of these documents is appropriate given that their authenticity and accuracy is not in dispute, and the Plaintiff concedes that she possessed and relied upon them in framing her pleadings. See Chambers v. Time Warner, Inc., 282 F.3d 147, 153 (2d Cir. 2002); Cortec Indus., Inc. v. Sum Holding L.P., 949 F.2d 42, 48 (2d Cir. 1991); see also Watterson v. Page, 987 F.2d 1, 3 (1st Cir. 1993).

The Court has declined to consider all other extrinsic evidence submitted with the present motions, including the declarations by the parties’ counsel. See Brass v. Am. Film Technologies, Inc., 987 F.2d 142, 150 (2d Cir. 1993); McMillan v. N.Y. State Bd. of Elections, No. 10-cv-2502, 2010 WL 4065434, 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 109894 (E.D.N.Y. Oct. 15, 2010), aff'd, 449 Fed. Appx. 79 (2d Cir. 2011); see also Clark v. Kitt, No. 12-cv-8061, 2014 WL 4054284, at *7, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 113494, at *20-*21 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 15, 2014) (noting that “declarations of counsel are generally properly used only to describe the documents attached to them as exhibits for the Court’s consideration, not to advance factual averments or legal arguments” (internal record citation omitted)), aff'd, 619 Fed.Appx. 34 (2d Cir. 2015).

B. The Relevant Facts

At an unspecified time, the Plaintiff, a resident of Old Westbury, fell victim to an identity thief, who caused her to incur personal debts through a series of fraudulent transactions.

Relevant here, one of these allegedly fraudulent transactions involved a mortgage loan (the “Mortgage”), which was issued by non-party HSBC Bank, N.A. (“HSBC”) and secured by real property owned by the Plaintiff. The Plaintiff maintains that she had no knowledge or involvement in the procurement of the Mortgage.

In 2010, HSBC initiated the above-mentioned legal action in the Suffolk County Supreme Court, styled HSBC Bank USA National Association v. Bette Kilpakis, et al., seeking to foreclose on the Mortgage (the “Foreclosure Action”).

Although not specifically alleged, it appears that during the pendency of the Foreclosure Action, HSBC assigned its interest in the Mortgage to Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (“Wells Fargo”). Wells Fargo [138]*138is the parent company of the Defendant ASC.

Sometime in April 2013, ASC began reporting the Mortgage and Foreclosure Action to various credit reporting agencies. Consequently, both appeared on the Plaintiffs Equifax credit report.

On or about February 18, 2015, the Plaintiff resolved the Foreclosure Action by entering into the above-referenced Stipulation and Agreed Order with HSBC (the “HSBC Stipulation”), which provided, in relevant part:

1. All claims and affirmative defenses of defendant Bette Kilpakis raised against plaintiffs [HSBC] foreclosure claims are withdrawn and discontinued with prejudice and without costs;
2. Defendant Bette Kilpakis irrevocably consents to of [sic] summary judgment of foreclosure and sale of the premises 29 Cather Avenue, Dix Hills, New York 11746, Section 275.00 Block 02.00, Lot 016.000; and
3. Plaintiff waives any claim to seek or enforce a deficiency judgment against defendant Bette Kilpakis on the note made the basis of this foreclosure.

The apparent effect of the HSBC Stipulation was that the Plaintiff consented to foreclosure of the Mortgage in exchange for being released from and absolved of any continuing personal liability.

However, when, in October 2015, the Plaintiff applied for a home mortgage, her application was denied, allegedly due to ASC continuing to misrepresent the Mortgage and Foreclosure Action in her credit file. In particular, the Plaintiff alleges that her credit report falsely reflected that the Mortgage was in a “collection status” due to unpaid balances and that foreclosure proceedings had commenced.

On November 4, 2015, the Plaintiff disputed the accuracy of these entries with Equifax and requested that they be removed from her credit report.

In addition, on December 14, 2015, the Plaintiff, by attorney Thomas Luz, Esq., composed a letter (the “Dispute Letter”) to a representative of ASC identified only as “Amy.”

The ostensible purpose of the Dispute Letter was to advise ASC that, by virtue of the HSBC Stipulation, the Plaintiff had “satisfied” the Mortgage in question. Further, since the existence of the Foreclosure Action had worked “an adverse effect on” the Plaintiffs credit rating, the Dispute Letter demanded that ASC promptly advise the major credit reporting agencies of the resolution of the Foreclosure Action, including the fact that HSBC waived continuing liability against the Plaintiff.

Approximately one month later, on January 13, 2016, an Executive Resolution Specialist in ASC’s Customer Care and Recovery Group named Nathan Herrera responded to the Dispute Letter. In relevant part, Mr. Herrera acknowledged that ASC had, in fact, identified the Mortgage as a “foreclosure” in the Plaintiffs credit file. However, because the term “foreclosure” accurately reflected the status of the Mortgage; and because the terms of the HSBC Stipulation did not require otherwise, ASC found no error on its part and declined to make any material adjustments to the Plaintiffs credit file.

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229 F. Supp. 3d 133, 2017 WL 112518, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4073, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/kilpakis-v-jpmorgan-chase-financial-co-nyed-2017.