Jones v. Abel

434 S.E.2d 822, 209 Ga. App. 889, 93 Fulton County D. Rep. 2941, 1993 Ga. App. LEXIS 1031
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedJuly 16, 1993
DocketA93A0763
StatusPublished
Cited by14 cases

This text of 434 S.E.2d 822 (Jones v. Abel) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Jones v. Abel, 434 S.E.2d 822, 209 Ga. App. 889, 93 Fulton County D. Rep. 2941, 1993 Ga. App. LEXIS 1031 (Ga. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinions

Andrews, Judge.

Jones, a pseudonym used by the plaintiff/appellant, sued his former psychiatrist Abel and his clinic Behavioral Medicine Institute as the result of Abel’s forwarding Jones’ file to the attorney for Smith, a former employee of Jones involved in litigation with him. The file was sent pursuant to a request for production in that litigation to which Jones had not yet objected. The jury reached a verdict for the defendants and the court denied Jones’ motion for j.n.o.v. Jones appeals, pro se.

The sole enumeration of error is that the trial court erred in denying Jones’ motion for directed verdict at the conclusion of the evidence and his subsequent motion for j.n.o.v.

1. First, before considering the issue of the psychiatrist-patient privilege and the concomitant issues of discovery and waiver, the nature of the claim made by Jones against the defendants must be kept in view. In the pre-trial order, four claims were asserted against Abel and his clinic as the result of the release of the psychiatrist’s records: 1) breach of the contract between the psychiatrist and his patient that a confidential and fiduciary relationship would be maintained; 2) public disclosure of private facts; 3) abandonment of the patient; and 4) failure “to apply to the treatment of Jones that degree of care and skill as, under similar conditions and like circumstances, is ordinarily employed by those members of the medical profession practicing as psychiatrists.”

At the pre-trial conference, Jones, represented at trial by counsel, abandoned his breach of contract claim, opting to proceed in tort under the medical malpractice claim. Further, after the close of the evidence, the abandonment claim was withdrawn. The only two claims which were presented to the jury and upon which the jury was charged were the invasion of privacy claim and the malpractice claim.

In defense of these claims, Dr. Abel contended that his actions were in compliance with the requirements of Georgia law, specifically OCGA § 9-11-34 (c) (2) and the standard of care of psychiatrists in the same or similar circumstances and that Jones was not damaged by the release of the records in any event.

2. Considering the issue of the motions for a directed verdict as to the liability of the defendants and j.n.o.v., the record reflects that, after the presentation of the defendants’ case, counsel for Jones made a motion for directed verdict on the ground that the “defendant here [890]*890had a responsibility to keep certain information private. . . . First, under the psychiatrist-patient privilege it is a matter of law in this state that that responsibility is absolute, without waiver or consent. Now, there is no consent for disclosure. And I submit. . . that there is no evidence here that amounts to a waiver of the psychiatrist-patient privilege as a matter of law. The Sims v. State[, 251 Ga. 877, 880 (5) (311 SE2d 161) (1984)] case . . . states basically that the psychiatrist-patient privilege cannot be waived, absent some express intentional act to do so. So I submit that the — even if [Jones] failed to file an objection, there was no waiver.” The motion was further premised on the contention that the privilege is absolute and that OCGA § 9-11-34 may not require the production of privileged material, since it is by definition under OCGA § 9-11-26 (b) not discoverable.1

The jury was charged under OCGA § 24-9-21 (5) that communications between psychiatrist and patient are privileged. Further, the jury was charged that “only the patient can waive the privilege, and that the . . . privilege prohibits a psychiatrist from disclosing patient communications to anyone without the patient’s express permission or waiver of the privilege” and that waiver was,the “intentional or voluntary relinquishment of a known right, benefit or advantage. . . .”

“ ‘A directed verdict is proper only where there is no conflict in the evidence as to any material issue and the evidence introduced together with all reasonable deductions or inferences therefrom demands a particular verdict.’ [Cit.] Even ‘slight’ evidence was regarded as sufficient to prevent the devastations of a directed verdict, in Worth v. Ga. Farm &c. Ins. Co., [174 Ga. App. 194 (330 SE2d 1) (1985)]. Where there is ‘some evidence,’ or ‘any evidence’ supporting the respondent’s assertions, disputed issues are created which are for the jury’s resolution.” Grabowski v. Radiology Assoc., 181 Ga. App. 298, 301 (3) (352 SE2d 185) (1986). The same standard applies when considering the denial of a j.n.o.v. Brandvain v. Ridgeview Institute, 188 Ga. App. 106, 112 (1a) (372 SE2d 265) (1988), aff’d 259 Ga. 376 (382 SE2d 597) (1989); Ostroff v. Coyner, 187 Ga. App. 109, 115 (3b) (369 SE2d 298) (1988).

So viewed, the evidence was that Jones, a certified public accountant and small businessman, had, as a teenager, been admitted to Anneewakee Institute by his mother and had entered into sexual relations with Poetter, the director of the facility. This abuse occurred during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Jones was thereafter admitted to Georgia Tech where he started his business of renting appliances to [891]*891students. When he was 19 or 20 years old, in 1973, Jones voluntarily returned to Anneewakee as a counselor for a couple of years. During this period, while a counselor, he again engaged in sexual activity with Poetter. He later worked for DHR, went to night school and obtained an MBA and passed the CPA exam. He practiced accounting from 1977 until 1982, as well as continuing to conduct his rental business. He did not reveal his earlier abuse to anyone nor did he seek any psychiatric or psychological treatment during this period. After 1982, he gave up his accounting practice to focus on his businesses.

He hired Smith for the rental business in 1985 and they mutually agreed to part ways in 1987. In December 1988, Smith sued Jones, contending that he was owed commissions and expense reimbursement. Attorney Bynum was counsel for Smith in that litigation and Jones was initially represented by counsel.

In late 1986 and 1987, the Anneewakee scandal began to surface, resulting in a criminal investigation conducted by the local authorities and the Georgia Bureau of Investigation. In connection with this investigation, Jones was interviewed by the GBI concerning his involvement. He denied any involvement with Poetter or any students under his care while he was a counselor. In early 1987, Jones contacted another attorney for the purpose of representing him in attempting to keep his name out of the criminal investigation. The attorney spoke to the local district attorney and was able to keep Jones from being subpoenaed to the grand jury or testifying in the criminal prosecution. Jones never admitted to the district attorney his involvement with Poetter. Because of his anxiety over the situation, his attorney recommended that Jones seek counseling. Although contacted concerning joining the civil suit against Anneewakee, Jones declined, again not wanting to become involved.

On March 5, 1987, in response to his attorney’s suggestion, Jones went to Dr.

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Jones v. Abel
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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
434 S.E.2d 822, 209 Ga. App. 889, 93 Fulton County D. Rep. 2941, 1993 Ga. App. LEXIS 1031, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/jones-v-abel-gactapp-1993.