In Re Aspartame Antitrust Litigation

817 F. Supp. 2d 608, 2011 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 118226, 2011 WL 4793239
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. Pennsylvania
DecidedOctober 5, 2011
Docket2:06-cv-01732
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 817 F. Supp. 2d 608 (In Re Aspartame Antitrust Litigation) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re Aspartame Antitrust Litigation, 817 F. Supp. 2d 608, 2011 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 118226, 2011 WL 4793239 (E.D. Pa. 2011).

Opinion

ORDER

LEGROME D. DAVIS, District Judge.

AND NOW, this 5th day of October 2011, upon consideration of Plaintiffs’ Motion on Defendants’ Bills of Cost Pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 54(d) (Doc. No. 210), Defendants’ Joint Partial Opposition to Plaintiffs’ Motion on Defendants’ Bills of Costs Under Fed.R.Civ.P. 54(d) (Doc. No. 211 and 212), Plaintiffs’ Reply Memorandum in Support of Motion on Defendants’ Bill of Costs Pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 54(d) (Doc. No. 216), and Defendants’ Joint Surreply in Support of Defendants’ Bills of Costs Under Fed.R.Civ.P. 54(d) (Doc. No. 217), it is hereby ORDERED that the Motion is DENIED in part and GRANTED in part.

1. FACTUAL BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

On April 25, 2006, various plaintiffs, including Nog, Inc. and Sorbee International Ltd., filed separate complaints on behalf of a class of all persons and entities that purchased Aspartame, an artificial sweetener, directly from defendants in the United States. (Doc. No. 1). Plaintiffs alleged that Defendants had engaged in a worldwide, horizontal antitrust conspiracy with the purpose of allocating the market for Aspartame and setting an artificially high price for the sweetener in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1. The Court ordered these complaints consolidated.

On August 11, 2008, this Court issued an Order granting Certain Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment against Plaintiffs Nog and Sorbee only because plaintiffs’ claims were time-barred by the four-year statute of limitations, which was not tolled by the fraudulent concealment doctrine. (Doc. No. 178). The judgment was affirmed by the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit on Feb. 22, 2011. In re Aspartame Antitrust Litig., 416 Fed.Appx. 208 (3d Cir.2011). On July 26, 2011, the Clerk of Court granted costs in the amount of $192,373.87 for the Holland defendants 1 (“Holland Sweetener”), $165,120.73 for the Ajinomoto defendants 2 (“Ajinomoto”), and $215,540.53 for the NutraSweet Company (“NutraSweet”). (Doc. No. 206 at 11, 20, 30). Plaintiffs now bring this motion asking this to Court deny or reduce defendants’ bill of costs.

*614 II. DISCUSSION

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 54(d)(1) provides that “[ujnless a federal statute, these rules or a court order provides otherwise, costs — other than attorney’s fees — should be allowed to the prevailing party.” A court may tax “[f]ees for printed or electronically recorded transcripts necessarily obtained for use in the case” and “fees for exemplification and the costs of making copies of any materials where the copies are necessarily obtained for use in the case,” as well as other specifically enumerated fees. 28 U.S.C. § 1920(2) and (4). A court can exercise its discretion in awarding costs within the categories set out in the statute. In re Paoli R.R. Yard PCB Litig., 221 F.3d 449, 458 (3d Cir.2000). A district court reviews a bill of costs de novo. Id. at 461. For purposes of convenience, we take as our starting point the values set forth by plaintiffs in their Motion on Defendants’ Bills of Cost Pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 54(d) (Doc. No. 210), which categorizes the costs requested by defendants. We summarize the costs awarded in the table at the end of this document.

A. E-Discovery

The largest portion of the disputed costs are costs associated with creating a litigation database, processing and hosting electronic data, conducting keyword and privilege screens on the documents in the database, making documents OCR search-able, extracting metadata, and related activities. Defendants request these costs under 28 U.S.C. § 1920(4), which allows a clerk to tax “[f]ees for exemplification and the costs of making copies of any materials where the copies are necessarily obtained for use in the case.” Taxing e-discovery is a new area of law where courts have diverged in their approaches. Compare Fells v. Virginia Dept. of Transp., 605 F.Supp.2d 740, 743 (E.D.Va.2009) (refusing to tax “electronic records initial processing, Metadata extraction, [and] file conversion”) (internal quotation marks omitted) and Klayman v. Freedom’s Watch, Inc., No. 07-22433, 2008 WL 5111293, at *2 (S.D.Fla. Dec. 4, 2008) (refusing to tax the cost of hiring “experts at a huge hourly cost to search for and retrieve discoverable electronic documents”) with Race Tires America, Inc. v. Hoosier Racing Tire Corp., No. 07-1294, 2011 WL 1748620, at *8-10, 2011 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 48847, at *26-30 (W.D.Pa. May 6, 2011) (awarding costs for creating a litigation database, imaging hard drivers, scanning documents, processing and indexing data, extracting metadata, and enabling documents to be OCR searchable) and United States Bankr. v. Dorel Indus., Case No. A-08-CA-354-SS, 2010 WL 3064007, at *3-4, 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 78096, at *11-14 (W.D.Tex. Aug. 2, 2010) (granting costs under § 1920(3) for the creation of an electronic database) and Lockheed Martin Idaho Techs. Co. v. Lockheed Martin Advanced Envtl. Sys., No. CV-98-316-E-BLW, 2006 WL 2095876, at *2, 2006 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 52242, at *8 (D.Idaho July 27, 2006) (awarding costs under § 1920(4) for a litigation database that “was necessary due to the extreme complexity of this case and the millions of documents that had to be organized”).

The volume of discovery in this case was staggering. Defendant Ajinomoto was required to collect documents from over twenty-eight different document custodians, including documents relating to defendants’ foreign activities and affiliates, that totaled 87.73 gigabytes of data — the equivalent to copying 4.4 to 6.1 million pages of documents. (Doc. No. 195 at 12). Ajinomoto spent $135,696.00 processing this data, which amounts to 2 or 3 cents per page. (Id.). Defendant NutraSweet collected over 1.05 terabytes of potentially responsive electronic documents — over 75 million pages — and 262,000 pages of hard- *615 copy documents. (Doc. No. 198 at 7). Defendant Holland Sweetener amassed over 366 gigabytes of potentially responsive documents that amounted to several million pages. (Doc. No. 197 at 7). Because of this high volume, the parties agreed to electronic discovery after extensive negotiations. (Doc. No. 195 at 11).

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817 F. Supp. 2d 608, 2011 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 118226, 2011 WL 4793239, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-aspartame-antitrust-litigation-paed-2011.