Hearst/ABC-Viacom Entertainment Services v. Goodway Marketing, Inc.

145 F.R.D. 59, 25 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 222, 1992 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 18452, 1992 WL 359217
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. Pennsylvania
DecidedNovember 17, 1992
DocketCiv. A. No. 87-1638
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 145 F.R.D. 59 (Hearst/ABC-Viacom Entertainment Services v. Goodway Marketing, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hearst/ABC-Viacom Entertainment Services v. Goodway Marketing, Inc., 145 F.R.D. 59, 25 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 222, 1992 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 18452, 1992 WL 359217 (E.D. Pa. 1992).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM & ORDER

EDWIN E. NAYTHONS, United States Magistrate Judge.

This matter is before the Court on Plaintiff’s Motion to Compel the Defendants— Judgment Debtors Beryl Wolk and Donald Wolk to Appear at Deposition and for Sanctions.

In support of their motion plaintiffs aver that by reason of defendants’ failure to comply with certain obligations pursuant to a Stipulation of Settlement between the parties in this matter on December 17, 1991, the District Court entered a confession of judgment against defendants Good-way Marketing, Inc., CPN, Inc., Donald L. Wolk, and Beryl J. Wolk in the amount of Three Hundred Eighty Thousand, Six Hundred and Thirty-Six Dollars and Seventy-Five Cents ($380,636.75). On April 21, 1992, pursuant to Rules 30 and 69(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, plaintiff/judgment creditors noticed the deposition of the judgment debtors, the brothers and owners, directors and officers of the [61]*61corporate defendants for May 19, 1992. On May 20, 1992, the Wolks appeared for their depositions. Before any testimony could be taken, the Wolks advised that they desired counsel in order to proceed and had not yet retained counsel. At their request a sixty (60) day adjournment was granted and the depositions were suspended and rescheduled for July 21, 1992 so that the Wolks would be able to retain counsel. It was further agreed that the examinations would proceed on that date, whether or not the Wolks had retained counsel by that time.

Shortly after the scheduled 10:00 a.m. commencement of Beryl Wolks’ deposition on July 21, plaintiff’s counsel was contacted by defendant’s present counsel and advised that he represented the Wolks, had been their counsel for many years and claimed that he had been advised that morning that depositions were to take place that day. Beryl Wolk arrived for his examination at 10:30 a.m. and his examination commenced shortly thereafter with defense counsel first telephoning Mr. Wolk, and, thereafter, appearing at the deposition which was then underway. During the examination, after instructing Beryl Wolk not to answer a number of questions on the grounds of relevance, defense counsel directed that the examination of Beryl Wolk was then concluded. Moreover, defense counsel further advised that Donald Wolk would not testify, despite the fact that Mr. Wolk was then physically present and available. Despite plaintiff’s counsel’s protests, defense counsel directed that his clients leave and not return. The Wolks followed those directions.

Neither Beryl Wolk, Donald Wolk nor anyone on their behalf has sought or obtained protective relief in this matter since July 21, 1992. -

In opposition to plaintiff’s motion defense counsel, on behalf of the Wolks, alleges that plaintiffs’ counsel has conducted the deposition in bad-faith and in a manner as to unreasonably annoy, embarrass, oppress, intimidate and humiliate both defendants and defense counsel as well. Specifically, counsel alleges that plaintiff’s counsel engaged in “name calling” and referred to defense counsel as uneducated and ignorant; continually argued with the witness and asked irrelevant questions designed not to discover assets but to annoy the witness such as, where his secretary sat; whether the witness had a suntan; when Beryl Wolk who is over sixty years of age—first started working; where he and his wife shop for clothing; what clothes he owns; whether in view of the fact that there were almost three million dollars in judgments against him would he ever stop relying on the advice of his brother; and further asked the witness to “assume” facts all in disregard of proper deposition procedure and decorum.

DISCUSSION

Depositions of defendants were terminated and the depositions adjourned pri- or to their completion at the insistence of defendant’s counsel. Defense counsel has not sought a protective order protection barring further deposition testimony but merely argues that plaintiffs’ motion for sanctions be denied and that he be reimbursed for fees incurred in responding to plaintiff’s motion; and further that Mr. Tofel, the attorney propounding the questions to the defendants, be barred from participating in this case in any capacity.

During the discovery process Rule 26(c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provides a general authority for the issuance of orders protecting a party or person “from annoyance, embarrassment, oppression or undue burden or expense.” However, once a deposition has been commenced, protection against abuse is afforded under the more specific provisions of Rule 30(d), which states:

At any time during the taking of the deposition, on motion of a party or of the deponent and upon a showing that the examination is being conducted in bad faith or in such manner as unreasonably to annoy, embarrass or oppress the deponent or party, the court in which the action is pending ... may order the officer conducting the examination to cease forthwith from taking [62]*62the deposition, or may limit the scope and manner of the taking of the deposition as provided in Rule 26(c). If the order made terminates the examination, it shall be resume thereafter only upon the order of the court in which the action is pending. Upon remand of the objecting party or deponent, the taking of the deposition shall be suspended for the time necessary to make a motion for an order. The provisions of Rule 37(a)(4) apply to the award of expenses incurred in relation to the motion, (emphasis added).

While the issuance of an order terminating a deposition is a matter within the sound discretion of the court, “the power to halt or limit examination is sparingly used.” 4A J. Moore, J. Lucas, Moore’s Federal Practice 1140.61 (2d ed. 1991). To obtain a protective order under Rule 30(d), “the moving party must show that the examination is being conducted in bad faith or in such manner as unreasonably to annoy, embarrass, or oppress the witness or party. Unless a sufficient showing of these grounds are made the motion will be denied.” 8 C. Wright & A. Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 2116, at 428 (1970). Moreover, as one commentator has warned, an objecting party who demands the termination of a deposition “may subject himself to costs and reasonable expenses, which may be considerable where the taking of the deposition has ceased upon demand, if the court finds that his motion for a protective order has no substantial basis.” 4A J. Moore, J. Lucas, Moore’s Federal Practice ¶ 40.61 (2d ed. 1991).

The problem presented in this case, is that although several aspects of the instant deposition fall squarely within the Rule 30(d) requirement of unreasonableness and oppression of the deponent defense counsel never made a Rule 30(d) motion to the Court to terminate the examination. In fact, defense counsel went so far as to arrogate to himself the right to terminate the examination in a unilateral fashion without consideration of the applicable legal authority. Deposition Tr. at 98-101. This tactic contravenes the requirement that an application to terminate must be made to the court.

It is not the prerogative of counsel, but of the court, to rule on objections.

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Bluebook (online)
145 F.R.D. 59, 25 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 222, 1992 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 18452, 1992 WL 359217, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hearstabc-viacom-entertainment-services-v-goodway-marketing-inc-paed-1992.