Funchess v. Wainwright

788 F.2d 1443
Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit·Decided April 22, 1986·No. No. 86-3259·Published·Cited by 12 cases

Opinion

PER CURIAM:

In 1975, a Duval County jury found David Livingston Funchess guilty of two counts of first degree murder.1 He was sentenced to two death penalties. After exhausting his state remedies,2 Funchess filed a habeas corpus petition in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida. The district court denied relief. On appeal, a panel of this court affirmed. Funchess v. Wainwright, 772 F.2d 683 (11th Cir.1985), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 106 S.Ct. 1242, 89 L.Ed.2d 349 (1986).

Funchess is presently scheduled to be executed in Florida’s electric chair at 7:00 a.m. on April 22, 1986. On March 5, 1986, Funchess filed a petition for state habeas corpus relief and an application for a stay of execution with the Supreme Court of Florida. On April 17, 1986, the court denied Funchess' claim. Funchess v. Wainwright, 486 So.2d 592 (Fla. 1986).3 On April 20, 1986, Funchess again sought relief in the Circuit Court of Duval County, Florida. On April 21, 1986, that court denied Fun-chess’ petition and the Supreme Court of Florida affirmed. Funchess v. State, 487 So.2d 295 (Fla.1986).4

Thus, Funchess turned for a second time to the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida. The district court conducted a hearing at 5:00 p.m. and at 10:25 p.m. entered an order dismissing Funchess’ petition and denying his application for a stay of execution. On appeal, Funchess raises six issues: (1) whether Funchess was competent to stand trial and to be sentenced; (2) whether the prosecutor misinformed the jury of the jury’s sentencing responsibilities in violation of Caldwell v. Mississippi, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 2633, 86 L.Ed.2d 231 (1985); (3) whether the trial judge and jury were deprived of considering evidence in support of non-statutory mitigating factors because of trial counsel’s belief that he was limited in his investigation and presentation of mitigating circumstances; (4) whether racial and sexual discrimination prompted Funchess’ death sentence; (5) whether execution by electrocution constitutes cruel and unusual punishment; and (6) whether the death qualification process in this case was unconstitutional.

Funchess’ first argument is that he was not competent to stand trial because he was suffering from post-traumatic stress [1445] disorder (“PTSD”), a debilitating brain dysfunction, which resulted from his service in the United States Marine Corps in Vietnam. Although at the time of Funchess’ trial, a sanity hearing was held and Funchess was adjudged sane, see Funchess, 341 So.2d at 763, he argues that PTSD was unknown at the time of his trial in 1975 and his resen-tencing in 1979 and that the symptoms of the disease were therefore not recognized.

The mental disorder known as PTSD was not generally recognized until the publication of the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association) in 1980. By May 3, 1982, Dr. John Russell Smith diagnosed Funchess as having PTSD. In his 1982 report, Dr. Smith states: “Mr. Funchess is currently suffering a severe form of psychiatric disorder known as ‘Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Chronic.’ ” This report was based on information from various sources including a clinical interview and reports of family interviews. In 1986, Dr. Smith reviewed his earlier diagnosis in light of recent affidavits of friends and relatives of Funchess describing Funchess’ behavior after returning from Vietnam. In a written report dated April 19, 1986, Dr. Smith concluded: “The data from the affidavits together with the other existing data strongly confirm my earlier diagnosis of a severe Post Traumatic Stress Disorder____” (emphasis added).

Funchess’ first petition for federal habe-as corpus relief was filed in July of 1982. Funchess, 772 F.2d at 687. Funchess also filed an amended petition for writ of habe-as corpus which the district court denied in November, 1984. Id. As established above, at the time these petitions were filed, Funchess had been clearly diagnosed as suffering from PTSD.

As we have stated, where an issue was not previously presented5 in a federal habeas corpus petition, “petitioner must demonstrate the failure to present the ground in the prior proceeding was neither the result of an intentional abandonment or withholding nor the product of inexcusable neglect.’’ Witt v. Wainwright, 755 F.2d 1396, 1397 (11th Cir.) (citations omitted) (emphasis added), rev’d on other grounds, — U.S.-, 105 S.Ct. 844, 83 L.Ed.2d 841 (1985). We find that petitioner has not met his burden under this standard. It is clear that Funchess was diagnosed as suffering from PTSD as early as May 1982. However he neglected to raise this issue in either of his petitions for federal habeas corpus relief. We therefore conclude that Funchess’ claim of incompetency is barred under the doctrine of abuse of the writ of habeas corpus for failure to raise the issue in previous federal petitions.

Our review of the record reveals that petitioner’s second claim regarding the Caldwell issue is without merit. The allegations of the petition for writ of habeas corpus, viewed in the light most favorable to the petitioner, do not support the claim that the state prosecutor’s closing arguments at the trial and capital sentencing proceeding diminished the jury’s sense of responsibility for sentencing under Caldwell v. Mississippi, — U.S.-, 105 S.Ct. 2633, 86 L.Ed.2d 231 (1985).

Petitioner’s third claim that the trial court and jury were deprived of evidence in support of non-statutory mitigating factors because of trial counsel’s belief he was limited in his investigation and presentation of mitigating circumstances was examined and rejected in Funchess, 772 F.2d at 689-90. This claim is the same issue previously presented to this court as a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel and as such is an abuse of the writ.

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Funchess v. Wainwright, 788 F.2d 1443 (11th Cir. 1986).

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