Explorer Drilling Co. v. Martin Exploration Co.

731 F.2d 1210, 1984 U.S. App. LEXIS 22495
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
DecidedMay 14, 1984
DocketNo. 83-3067
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 731 F.2d 1210 (Explorer Drilling Co. v. Martin Exploration Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Explorer Drilling Co. v. Martin Exploration Co., 731 F.2d 1210, 1984 U.S. App. LEXIS 22495 (5th Cir. 1984).

Opinion

CLARK, Chief Judge:

Explorer Drilling Company (Explorer) appeals a judgment of the bankruptcy court that the lien asserted by Explorer against bankruptcy estate property of Martin Exploration Company (Martin) was secondary to an unrecorded vendor’s privilege under Louisiana law and that the automatic stay should continue in effect. We affirm.

I

On or about March 25, 1982, Superior Supply Company (Superior) sold casing pipe to Martin. Superior delivered the pipe to the Juban Number 1 well site in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. Superior received no payment on the account and did not record its vendor’s privilege.

On July 16, 1982, Martin filed for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. On August 12, 1982, by mutual agreement of Martin and Explorer, the pipe, which had never been incorporated into a well, was moved to a storage yard owned by Aztec Corporation in Lafayette, Louisiana, and the pipe remains stacked there today.

Explorer had furnished labor and materials to Martin in connection with the well site. On October 21, 1982, Explorer filed an adversary proceeding in the bankruptcy court, seeking to lift the automatic stay so that it could foreclose on the pipe to satisfy its secured materialmen’s lien under La. Rev.Stat.Ann. § 9:4862. Superior intervened in the action, alleging that its vendor’s privilege under La.Rev.Stat.Ann. § 9:4864 primed Explorer’s lien. The bankruptcy court found that Superior had a valid vendor’s privilege, even though Superior had failed to record it. The court ruled that Superior’s vendor’s privilege primed the lien asserted by Explorer and that the automatic stay remained in effect. Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1293 and upon agreement of all parties to this litigation, the judgment of the bankruptcy court was appealed directly to this court.

II

Under Louisiana law, the vendor of movable property has a privilege on the property over other creditors of the vendee, if the property remains in the vendee’s possession as movable property. La.Civ. Code arts. 3217(7) and 3227. That privilege entitles the vendor to be preferred before other creditors. See La.Civ.Code art. 3186. Because it arises as a matter of law, the vendor’s privilege need not be recorded, unless a statute so requires. Matter of Tape City, U.S.A., Inc., 677 F.2d 401, 403 (5th Cir.1982); H & H Transportation Co. v. Owens, 214 La. 985, 39 So.2d 441, 444 (1949); Arenson International, Inc. v. Shelving Systems Corp., 369 So.2d 1212, 1216 (La.App. 2d Cir.1979).

The vendor’s privilege on immovable property, on the other hand, must be recorded to be effective against third persons. Cristina Inv. Corp. v. Gulf Ice Co., 55 So.2d 685, 690 (La.App. 1st Cir.1951). See La.Civ.Code art. 3274. Under this general rule, movable property remains subject to an unrecorded vendor's lien only so long as it retains its identity as a movable in the vendee’s possession.

Under Chapter 2 (“Privileges on Immovables”), Title XXI of the Civil Code —Ancillaries, special rules govern privileges on oil, gas, and water wells. Section 9:4864 states in pertinent part:

As to movable property the vendor’s privilege must exist and be filed for [1212]*1212record within seven days after the property subject to the vendor’s privilege is delivered to the well or wells. The vendor’s privilege shall be evidenced by a written instrument signed by the purchaser and when authentic in form or duly acknowledged, shall be filed for record in the records of the parish where the well or wells is [sic] located. The effect of filing shall prevent the movables from becoming immovable by nature or destination.

Explorer urges that this statutory provision overrides the general rule regarding the effectiveness of an unrecorded vendor’s lien against third parties. There is nothing in the statute to support this contention. Under Section 9:4864, the vendor’s privilege “must exist” before it is recorded. This adds nothing to an existing vendor’s privilege under Civil Code articles 3217(7) and 3227, which confer a valid vendor’s preference where property retains its movable character in vendee’s possession. There is no indication that Section 9:4864 intended to make filing necessary to perfect an otherwise inchoate vendor’s preference. Rather, Section 9:4864 clearly states only that “the effect of filing shall prevent the movables from becoming immovable by nature or destination.” The statute does not purport to divest the vendor of the preference that otherwise would attach to the vendor’s privilege that arises under articles 3217(7) and 3227. By providing a means for the vendor of movables to a vendee in the well business to avoid losing its preference due to movable property becoming immovable, Section 9:4864 does no more than extend the protection available to unpaid vendors under the general rule of vendors' privileges.

Explorer relies on Pertuit v. Angelloz, 164 So.2d 125 (La.App. 1st Cir.1964) as interpreting § 9:4864 to preempt the general rule of vendor’s privileges with respect to oil, gas, and water wells. The question in Pertuit was the merchantability of title to pipe that the plaintiff had bought from Bethlehem Steel Company and for which payment had not been made. The pipe had been installed in a well. The defendants refused to honor an alleged agreement to purchase the pipe from the plaintiff on the grounds that numerous creditors’ liens had been filed against the property, including a vendor’s lien that the plaintiff himself had filed on behalf of Bethlehem Steel. The court held that the plaintiff could not convey merchantable title to the pipe because of the liens. In reaching this result, the court rejected the plaintiff’s argument that the lien which he had filed on behalf of his vendor primed the other liens and cleared the title.

The Pertuit court stated: “LSA-R.S. 9:4861 through 9:4867 provides for liens for labor done and supplies furnished in connection with oil, gas and water wells, and requires registry in order to preserve the vendor’s lien.” 164 So.2d at 130. This statement in Pertuit was clearly dicta. The issue of which of the liens had preference was not essential to the holding that the plaintiff could not provide merchantable title. Moreover, the decision does not make clear whether the pipe, which had been and remained installed in the well site, had become immovable property, hence outside the general rule of vendors’ privileges. We are not persuaded that this dicta in Pertuit should permit § 9:4864 to preempt the general rule of vendors’ privileges as to property associated with oil, gas, and water wells in every circumstance and for all purposes. Rather, we base our decision on the plain language of the statute, which does not permit such an interpretation.

Ill

Under the Bankruptcy Code, 11 U.S.C. § 545

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Related

In The Matter Of Martin Exploration Company
731 F.2d 1210 (Fifth Circuit, 1984)

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Bluebook (online)
731 F.2d 1210, 1984 U.S. App. LEXIS 22495, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/explorer-drilling-co-v-martin-exploration-co-ca5-1984.