Eddy v. Litton

586 So. 2d 670, 1991 WL 190749
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedSeptember 25, 1991
Docket22769-CA
StatusPublished
Cited by41 cases

This text of 586 So. 2d 670 (Eddy v. Litton) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Eddy v. Litton, 586 So. 2d 670, 1991 WL 190749 (La. Ct. App. 1991).

Opinion

586 So.2d 670 (1991)

Gerald EDDY, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
A.L. LITTON, Defendant-Appellant.

No. 22769-CA.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.

September 25, 1991.
Rehearing Denied October 24, 1991.

*671 Herman L. Lawson, Mansfield, for defendant-appellant.

Bethard & Davis by James G. Bethard, Coushatta, for plaintiff-appellee.

Before MARVIN, HIGHTOWER and VICTORY, JJ.

MARVIN, Chief Judge.

In this action arising out of a battery and an assault, defendant appeals a judgment, after a remittitur, that awards $19,551 total damages. He contends that the case was improperly tried before a jury, that the $12,000 general damage award is excessive, and that sufficient proof was not presented to support the award for loss of income and profits.

*672 Plaintiff has answered the appeal, seeking to increase the awards. We affirm the awards for general damages and medical expenses and reverse the award for loss of income and profits.

FACTS

On March 1, 1988, James Robert Adams, Jr. and Herbert Gibbs were working on a crude oil heater treater in rural DeSoto Parish. Dink English drove to the site and engaged Adams and Gibbs in conversation. Soon thereafter, Gerald Eddy arrived and joined the conversation.

While these three conversed, A.L. Litton, the owner of the property on each side of the parish road near the heater, arrived in his truck. Exiting and approaching the three, he looked at English and said, "I'm going to whip your ass." Believing Litton was joking, English responded in a like manner. Litton then looked at Eddy and said he would "whip [his] ass, too." Eddy responded: "Come on. Here it is."

Litton obtained a walking cane from his truck and proceeded toward Eddy, who backed away from Litton. When Litton swung the cane at his head, Eddy raised his hand to protect his head while backing up. The cane lacerated and bloodied Eddy's right hand between the thumb and index finger. Litton threatened to "bust the windshield" in Eddy's truck if he did not leave, and then warned Eddy that he had something in his truck that would make Eddy leave. Believing that Litton's truck contained a weapon and that Litton would shoot him, Eddy quickly went to his truck and departed.

Eddy drove to the Coushatta hospital where he saw Dr. Huckabay, who treated Eddy's injured hand. Eddy received six stitches, but did not return to Dr. Huckabay for any further treatment as directed. Eddy's wife, who is a nurse, later removed the stitches.

After a trial by jury, the jury found that A.L. Litton committed a battery and an assault upon Gerald Eddy, awarding him $30,000 for physical pain and suffering for the battery, $10,000 for mental pain and suffering for the assault, $2,500 for public humiliation, $7,500 for lost income and profits, and $51 for medical expenses.

Litton then filed a rule for remittitur and alternatively, for a new trial. The trial court ordered a new trial unless remittitur was entered, reasoning that the jury verdict was excessive, and that a new trial would be warranted unless plaintiff entered a remittitur reforming the verdict to award $12,000 for general damages, while approving the jury's awards of $7,500 for lost income and profits, and $51 for medical expenses.

After plaintiff agreed to a remittitur, the trial court entered the judgment which is appealed.

JURY TRIAL

A jury trial was ordered on Eddy's motion. On March 9, 1989, the trial court fixed the amount of the bond at $3,500, but failed to set a date for posting the bond. Eddy posted the bond on the afternoon of Friday, July 6, 1990, the same day that Litton filed a motion to strike the jury trial for failure to post bond and to meet jurisdictional requirements. The motion was denied by the trial court, and a jury trial was held on Monday, July 9, 1990.

CCP Art. 1734 reads:

[W]hen the case has been set for trial, the court shall fix the amount of the bond to cover all costs related to the trial by jury and shall fix the time for filing the bond.... When the bond has been filed, the clerk of court shall order the jury commission to draw a sufficient number of jurors to try and determine the cause....

Litton argues that the trial court should not have allowed a jury trial because the bond was not posted before the drawing of the jury venire. Eddy contends the bond was timely posted because it was filed before trial and the order fixing the amount of the bond did not also fix a date for posting the bond.

Under these circumstances, we must find that Litton cannot now seek review of the trial court's ruling denying his motion to *673 strike the jury trial. We need not decide whether Eddy was entitled to a jury trial.

If the error as to disposition of a jury trial request is of such magnitude that it would warrant reversing the case on this sole ground, the interlocutory judgment under which the error was committed caused irreparable injury at the time it was rendered and therefore would have constituted an appealable interlocutory judgment at that time. American Bank & Trust Co. v. TIL, 340 So.2d 636 (La.App. 2d Cir.1976), writ denied.

A litigant in a civil case, who, absent compelling circumstances, fails to immediately appeal or seek supervisory writs from the trial court's disposition of a request for jury trial, will be deemed to have waived the right to appeal that issue after a trial on the merits. Windham v. Security Ins. Co. of Hartford, 337 So.2d 577, 579 (La.App. 4th Cir.1976), writ denied; Dept. of Transp. & Dev. v. Williamson, 557 So.2d 731 (La.App. 2d Cir.1990), writ denied; American Bank and Trust Co. v. TIL, supra.

In Windham, supra, the trial court erroneously ordered a jury trial. As in the present case, after the jury trial and on appeal from the judgment on the merits, defendants-appellants attempted to raise the issue of the erroneous granting of a jury trial. The court said the contention of error came "too late ..."

In the interest of judicial economy and fairness, we cannot allow the appellant to abide by the judgment dismissing the motion, try the case to the jury and then, after an adverse verdict and judgment, complain it should not have been tried to a jury. If the bank wished to complain about the ruling allowing jury trial, it should have done so prior to trial either by appeal or by an application for writs. Accordingly, we hold appellant has either acquiesced in that ruling or has effectively waived its right to so complain. 337 So.2d at p. 579.

In the present case, after the trial court denied Litton's Motion to Strike Jury Trial, Litton did not appeal or seek supervisory review. Rather, he tacitly acquiesced in the court's ruling by proceeding to trial before a jury.

Under these circumstances, we shall not find error in the ruling denying the motion to strike the jury trial.

QUANTUM

After determining that the jury verdict was excessive, the trial court stated, "[T]he court must grant the highest award that is reasonably within the discretion of the jury." Litton argues that the trial court erred in applying the appellate standard of review. Coco v. Winston Industries, Inc., 341 So.2d 332 (La.1976). We note two cases where a trial court applied the appellate standard:

In West v. Melancon, 507 So.2d 1250 (La.App. 4th Cir.1987), writ denied, plaintiff sought an additur, or in the alternative, a new trial, after the jury returned a verdict awarding plaintiff $9000 to compensate him for personal injuries.

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Bluebook (online)
586 So. 2d 670, 1991 WL 190749, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/eddy-v-litton-lactapp-1991.