Economy Oil Corp. v. Indiana Department of State Revenue

321 N.E.2d 215, 162 Ind. App. 658, 1974 Ind. App. LEXIS 892
CourtIndiana Court of Appeals
DecidedDecember 30, 1974
Docket1-574A80
StatusPublished
Cited by93 cases

This text of 321 N.E.2d 215 (Economy Oil Corp. v. Indiana Department of State Revenue) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Indiana Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Economy Oil Corp. v. Indiana Department of State Revenue, 321 N.E.2d 215, 162 Ind. App. 658, 1974 Ind. App. LEXIS 892 (Ind. Ct. App. 1974).

Opinions

Robertson, P.J.

The defendant-appellant (Department) is appealing a judgment allowing the plaintiff-appellee (Economy) to recover payments assessed for unreported tax liability. The two issues raised in the appeal are :1

[661]*6611. Whether the Motor Fuel Tax Law levies the exclusive excise tax on the sales of motor fuel, and
2. Whether Economy’s business records were sufficient to establish the amount of its’ exempt sales.

We reverse as to the first issue and affirm as to the latter.

The facts pertinent to the appeal are that Economy is a petroleum distributor which operates four service stations as well as tank wagons in east central Indiana. During 1968, 1969, and 1970 some of Economy’s sales were to farmers, hospitals, and school bus drivers who had filed either single purchase or blanket sales tax exemption certificates with Economy. 2 Economy kept these on file in its office but did not make a list of exemption certificate holders for their employees’ use. The employees, either by memory or the purchaser’s word, determined whether sales taxes would be collected. The exemption certificates covered both cash and credit sales at the service stations and from the tank wagon.

At three of the four service stations exempt cash sales were recorded on a clip board. This daily tab would show the total exempt cash sales which then could be deducted from total cash sales to obtain the total amount of nonexempt cash sales. The other station used a similar method of recording exempted sales on a cash register tape.

Total nonexempt cash sales from all locations were posted daily to the cash book as the permanent record of net tax liability, however, the individual exempt cash sales were not posted to ledger cards.

The daily tabs, which did not identify the individual purchasers, were retained for a short period after posting and then disposed of.

[662]*662Cash sales from the tank wagon were recorded on individual sales slips showing the number of gallons delivered, but not the dollar amount of the sale. Like service station exempt cash sales, the tank wagon cash sales were not posted to ledger cards.

The Department audited Economy for the years 1968 through 1970 and ultimately assessed them for unreported tax liability on two types of sales. One was the service station cash sales, treated by Economy as tax exempt, without sufficient “source” or “proof” documents. The other was cash and credit sales with exemption certificates lacking Retail Merchant, Social Security, or Public Service Commission of Indiana numbers.

Economy filed suit against the Department for recovery of payments assessed against them and eventually obtained the judgment from which this appeal arises.

Economy took the position that the sales tax did not apply to motor fuel sales during the audit period. The basis for the argument rests, in part, in the Motor Fuel Tax Act of 1943, IC 1971, 6-6-1-31 (Burns Code Ed.). The substance of that section is that the motor fuel tax is in lieu of any excise, privilege, or occupational tax on manufacturing, distributing, or selling motor fuel. The act also prohibits governmental subdivisions from collecting or levying taxes on motor fuel.

Additionally, Economy continues, the State Gross Retail Tax Act of 1963 did not specifically mention motor fuel, although a 1973 act, IC 1971, 6-1-1-28 (p) (Burns Code Ed. Supp. 1974) states that a sales tax shall be collected on the full amount of the motor fuel sales price. The 1973 enactment demonstrates, it is argued, an intent to omit sales tax on motor fuel in the 1963 sales tax statutes.

Furthermore, the 1963 sales tax act is general in nature which requires the more specific 1943 Motor Fuel Tax Act to prevail in its language, so argues Economy.

The Department responds that all of a retail merchant’s transactions which constitute selling at retail are taxable [663]*663unless specifically exempted or excluded.3 Moreover, the Department stresses its continuous policy of collecting sales tax on motor fuel retail sales since 1963. That fact, it is argued, should be given considerable weight by this court in construing the pertinent statutes. It is finally argued that there is no constitutional limitation on the number of excise taxes which may be imposed by the General Assembly.

For the reasons stated hereafter we hold that the trial court erred, as a matter of law, in its holding that the “Legislature did not intend to include motor fuel in the [Gross] Retail Sales Act of 1963”.

When construing a statute, this Court is bound by several familiar rules of statutory construction, IC 1971, 1-1-4-1, Ind. Ann. Stat. § 1-201 (Burns 1967); I.L.E. STATUTES §§ 101-195. The bedrock rule of statutory construction is that a statute clear and unambiguous on its face need not and cannot be interpreted by a court. Morgan County R.E.M.C. v. Indianapolis Power & Light Co. (1973), 261 Ind. 323, 302 N.E.2d 776; Knox County R.E.M.C. v. Public Service Commission of Indiana (1966), 139 Ind. App. 547, 213 N.E.2d 714; Meade Electric Co. v. Hogberg (1959), 129 Ind. App. 631, 159 N.E.2d 408. A cardinal principle of statutory construction mandates the court to interpret ambiguous statutes in order to ascertain and effectuate the general intent of the legislature. Wayne Township v. Lutheran Hospital (1974), 160 Ind. App. 427, 312 N.E.2d 122; Kirby v. Indiana Employment Security Board (1973), 158 Ind. App. 643, 304 N.E.2d 226; Morgan County R.E.M.C., supra; Thompson v. Thompson (1972), 259 Ind. 266, 286 N.E.2d 657. Similarly, the spirit of an enactment will prevail over the letter of the law. Town of Kewanna Water Works v. Indiana Employment [664]*664Security Board (1961), 131 Ind. App. 400, 171 N.E.2d 263. Another fundamental rule of statutory construction is that if a statute is susceptible to more than one interpretation, then the court may consider the consequences of a particular construction. Boles v. State (1973), 259 Ind. 661, 291 N.E.2d 355; In re Annexation of Certain Territory (1965), 138 Ind. App. 207, 212 N.E.2d 393, reh. den., 138 Ind. App. 207, 213 N.E.2d 349; Fogle v. Pullman Standard Car Manufacturing Co. (1961), 133 Ind. App. 95, 173 N.E.2d 668. There is a strong presumption that the legislature in enacting a particular piece of legislation is aware of existing statutes on the same subject. Morgan County R.E.M.C., supra; Chaffin v. Nicosia (1973), Ind. App., 297 N.E.2d 904. Statutes relating to the same general subject matter are in pari materia and should be construed together so as to produce a harmonious system. State ex rel. Moore v. Smock (1973), 156 Ind. App.

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Bluebook (online)
321 N.E.2d 215, 162 Ind. App. 658, 1974 Ind. App. LEXIS 892, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/economy-oil-corp-v-indiana-department-of-state-revenue-indctapp-1974.