Carlos Poree v. Kandy Collins

866 F.3d 235, 2017 WL 3205801, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 13749
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
DecidedJuly 28, 2017
Docket14-30129
StatusPublished
Cited by57 cases

This text of 866 F.3d 235 (Carlos Poree v. Kandy Collins) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Carlos Poree v. Kandy Collins, 866 F.3d 235, 2017 WL 3205801, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 13749 (5th Cir. 2017).

Opinions

STEPHEN A. HIGGINSON, Circuit Judge:

Appellant Carlos Poree is an insanity acquittee who has been in the custody of the Eastern Louisiana Mental Health System (ELMHS) since 1999. .After a state court denied Poree conditional release to Harmony House Transitional Center (“Harmony House”), Poree sought federal habeas relief under 28 U.S.C. § 2254. The district court denied his claim. Although we are troubled that the state court seemingly failed to follow Louisiana- state law in denying Poree relief, we cannot conclude that the state court decision was contrary to clearly established Supreme Court law. We thus AFFIRM.

I.

“On November 7, 1977, Carlos Poree shot ten people, killing one.”1 His first trial resulted in a mistrial, and his second trial—limited to whether Poree was not guilty by reason of insanity (“NGBRI”)— resulted in a first degree murder conviction.2 After making his way through the state court appellate system,3 Poree filed a federal habeas petition in 1997,4 which the district court granted.5 Upon a hearing, Poree was committed to ELMHS.

A.

Since Poree began living at ELMHS, the state court has considered several times whether he could transfer to a less restrictive setting. According to Louisiana law, the process begins when the superintendent of the mental institution recommends discharge or release to a review panel, which then makes a recommendation to the' court.6 “If the review panel recommends to the court that the person be discharged, conditionally or unconditionally, or placed on probation, the court shall conduct a contradictory hearing following notice to the district attorney.”7 If a contradictory hearing is held, “the burden shall be upon the state to seek continuance of the confinement by proving by clear and convincing evidence that the committed person is currently both mentally ill and dangerous.”8

[239]*239Poree has been through this process several times. Between 2002 and 2009, the state held three hearings,- denying Poree transfer each time.9 In 2010, the process began again. On October 11, 2010, the ELMHS Forensic Review Panel, made up of Dr. John W. Thompson,10 Dr. F.J. Bor-denave,11 and Dr. David Hale,12 completed a Review of Patient Status (“Review”) for Poree and recommended that Poree be conditionally released to Harmony House. The Review indicated that Poree is aware of the nature of his violent offense, has the ability to conform his conduct to the law, and has “sufficient moral cognitive judgment to distinguish between right and wrong.” His Axis I diagnosis was listed as Schizophrenia, Residual Type. Noting Po-ree’s psychiatric history and his past homicidal and assaultive behaviors, the Review nevertheless stated that Poree’s symptoms are well-maintained with current medication, and that Poree is fully compliant with his treatment. The Review further indicated that Poree is currently mentally ill but'in stable remission, is not currently dangerous to self or others if adequately supervised, and “may be granted Conditional Release and placed in appropriate community setting with tracking, monitoring and supervision.” The Review Panel’s opinion that Poree should be conditionally released to Harmony House includéd a list of stipulations, including that violations may result in his return to ELMHS.

On January 18, 2011, a state district court held a hearing to determine whether Poree should be conditionally released to Harmony House upon the hospital’s recommendation. At the time of the hearing, Poree was 68- or 69-years old and resided in the least restrictive unit in the forensic division of ELMHS. Four witnesses testified: Dr. Bordenave, Dr. Thompson, and Ralph •'Griffin testified as defense witnesses, and Dr. Richard Richoux testified as a State witness (with Dr. Raphael Salce-do, another State witness, concurring).'

Dr. Bordenave—an expert forensic psychiatrist, Poree’s treating physician since July 2010, and head of Mr. Poree’s treatment team—testified that- Poree appears to have been in remission for years, is compliant with his medications, and that there is no evidence that Poree currently suffers from delusions. Dr. Bordenave noted that Poree understands tháfr he will have to stay on medication for the rest of his life. Dr. Bordenave agreed that stopping medication would likely result' in de-compensation into mental illness, but that such relapse would not necessarily result in violence or aggression. He further testified that Poree had achieved the maximum recovery level at ELMHS, and that Harmony House has the structure for Poree to successfully continue treatment. In a letter to the court, Dr. Bordenave stated that Poree has “been best described as a model patient.” He further stated, “both psychological actuarial 'testing and observation and treatment by his treatment team, indicate that he is a relatively low risk for violent re-offense.” Dr. Bordenave concluded that “Poree would likely be one of the better, more appropriate clients served at Harmony.”

[240]*240Dr. Thompson—an expert forensic psychiatrist, chief of staff of ELMHS, and a Vice Chair of the Department of Psychiatry at Tulane—has worked with Poree since Poree arrived at the hospital. Dr. Thompson testified that Poree receives treatment in the forensic unit, with the eventual goal being to safely move him into either a group home or the community. Dr. Thompson agreed that Poree had achieved the treatment goals set for him in the forensic unit, and that Poree did not require continued hospitalization in the forensic unit to prevent him from becoming dangerous. Dr. Thompson explained that in making its.recommendation, the Review Panel relied on instruments such as the “COT readiness profile”13 and the “Hare’s psychopathy.”14 Dr. Thompson believed that Poree would comply with the conditions at Harmony House. Dr. Thompson considered Poree to be mentally ill, but opined that “he’s not a danger to self or others if placed in the Harmony setting with the restrictions that we have.”

On cross-examination, Dr. Thompson noted Poree’s smiling while Dr. Thompson and Poree discussed Poree’s offense. Dr. Thompson recounted Poree’s statement: “Well, you know, it’s been such a long time. It’s been thirty years and, you know, knowing how I am now it’s hard to believe that I was that kind of person that would do something like that.” Dr. Thompson concluded that the smiling could be “[Po-ree’s] explanation of what happened,” as in, “ ‘It’s been so long ago it’s hard for me to look back and think that I actually did those things,’ ” or a residual symptom of his schizophrenia.15 Dr. Thompson acknowledged that medications can stop working, and that even with medication, someone with schizophrenia can decom-pensate. Dr. Thompson noted that Poree had never decompensated while on medication. As for delusions, Dr. Thompson indicated that Poree is not importing such symptoms nor are they seeing them behaviorally.

Mr. Griffin is the facility manager of Harmony Transitional Center, and he had worked for Harmony for twenty-four years at the time he testified. He interviewed Poree as a potential resident and pre-accepted him into Harmony House. Mr.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
866 F.3d 235, 2017 WL 3205801, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 13749, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/carlos-poree-v-kandy-collins-ca5-2017.