Blount v. Wake Electric Membership Corp.

162 F.R.D. 102, 1993 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 20866, 1993 WL 774455
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. North Carolina
DecidedSeptember 23, 1993
DocketNo. 92-806-CIV-5-D
StatusPublished
Cited by34 cases

This text of 162 F.R.D. 102 (Blount v. Wake Electric Membership Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Blount v. Wake Electric Membership Corp., 162 F.R.D. 102, 1993 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 20866, 1993 WL 774455 (E.D.N.C. 1993).

Opinion

ORDER

DENSON, United States Magistrate Judge.

THIS CAUSE comes before the court on Plaintiffs motion to compel answers to interrogatories and production of certain materials and defendants’ motion for physical and mental examination.

I. PLAINTIFF’S MOTION TO COMPEL DISCOVERY

Since the filing of Plaintiffs motion to compel discovery, Defendants have supplemented their initial responses, thereby addressing many of the issues contained in Plaintiffs motion. As a result, three issues remain in contention and require ruling by this court.

A. SURVEILLANCE VIDEOS, PHOTOS, ETC.

Plaintiffs Request for Production of Documents Number Four states: “Produce a copy of any surveillance movies, photos, notes, tape recordings, etc. of Plaintiff.” In support of this motion, Plaintiff argues that these kind of materials are generally discoverable.

Defendants, in opposition to the motion, argue that any surveillance materials in Defendants’ possession were prepared in anticipation of litigation and thus are protected from discovery under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(b)(3), unless Plaintiff makes a showing of substantial need. Defendants add that if they decide to use these materials at trial, they would not have to disclose them to Plaintiff until the pretrial conference, pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16(c), thereby protecting the impeachment value of the evidence.

The purposes of Rule 26 are to eliminate secrets and surprises at trial, clarify and delineate the issues, and facilitate equitable settlements. 6 C. Wright & A. Miller, Federal Practice & Procedure, § 2001 (1970). In order to achieve these goals, the discovery rules must be construed liberally. Id. Disclosure of any surveillance films or videotapes in this case will allow Plaintiff to review the materials for authenticity and properly prepare for trial, as well as promote settlement of the case. See Martin v. Long Island Railroad Co., 63 F.R.D. 53, 54-55 (E.D.N.Y.1974); Daniels v. National Railroad Passenger Corporation, 110 F.R.D. 160, 161 (S.D.N.Y.1986). In fact, most courts which have explored the discoverability of surveillance films and the like have required disclosure of all such materials well in advance of trial. See Martin, 63 F.R.D. at 54 (listing opinions which approve of pretrial disclosure). Since Plaintiffs past activities can no longer be filmed, Defendant’s claim of work product is defeated. See Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(b)(3) (“showing that the party seeking discovery has substantial need of the materials in the preparation of his case and that he is unable without undue hardship to obtain the substantial equivalent of the materials by other means.”); Martin, 63 F.R.D. at 55.

However, the timing of the disclosure must be such that the impeachment value of the evidence is preserved. Therefore, before the disclosure, Defendant must be furnished with the opportunity to depose Plaintiff, so that the prior recording of the sworn testimony will discourage Plaintiff from altering his testimony in light of what the films or tapes reveal. See 8 C. Wright & A. Miller, Federal Practice & Procedure, § 3015. Accordingly, Defendant is ORDERED to disclose all surveillance materials in Defendant’s possession to Plaintiff upon completion of Plaintiffs deposition as to his injuries and disabilities.

B. DEFENDANT’S FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Plaintiffs Request for Production of Documents Number Six states: “Produce a certified copy of defendant Wake Electric’s annual financial statements including profit and loss statements for the last five years.” Plaintiffs Request for Production of Documents Number Seven states: “Produce a copy of any of defendant Wake Electric’s tax returns filed with any government agency in the last five years.” In support of these [105]*105requests, Plaintiff asserts that the financial condition of Defendant is a relevant and necessary factor to be considered in a punitive damages determination and is discoverable under North Carolina law.

Defendants, in opposition to the motion, argue that their financial records are not discoverable unless the trial court has determined that Plaintiffs evidence establishes a prima facie case for punitive damages. In support of this argument, Defendants cite Hinson v. Dawson, 244 N.C. 28, 92 S.E.2d 393 (1956). Defendant’s reliance on this case is misplaced. The portion excerpted by Defendants clearly shows that this case deals with the admissibility rather than the discov-erability of such evidence: “It should not be brought to the attention of the jury unless and until the trial judge determines that the evidence warrants the submission of such issue.” Hinson, 244 N.C. at 29. Evidence does not have to be admissible at trial in order to be discoverable; it must only be “reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(b)(1).

However, Defendants cite other cases which do support the proposition that a plaintiff must make some kind of factual showing that a viable claim for punitive damages exists before allowing discovery of financial worth. Defendants argue that Plaintiff has not made such a showing. In order to determine the sufficiency of Plaintiffs pleadings and evidence, Defendants have until October 24, 1993, the motion filing deadline, to file a motion to dismiss or a motion for summary judgment as to the punitive damages claim. If either motion is successful, Defendants would not be required to produce their financial records. However, if the motions are denied, Defendants are ORDERED to produce such documents within 20 days of the denial. If no motions are filed, Defendants are ORDERED to produce their financial information to the Plaintiff within 20 days of the motion filing deadline.

C. PERSONNEL FILES OF DEFENDANT CHAMPION

Plaintiffs Request for Production of Documents Number Eighteen states: “Produce a copy of the personnel file on Stewart Champion.” In support of this request, Plaintiff asserts that the file is not protected by any privilege and is necessary for the determination of many important issues, including Champion’s training, experience, and work record.

Defendants, in opposition to the motion, argue that Champion’s file is privileged, confidential, and not within the scope of discovery. In addition, Defendants assert that the file contains no information that would be relevant to this litigation, and, even if it did, such information can be obtained through depositions of Defendant Champion and his supervisor, without the need for disclosure of the personal information in the personnel file.

In support of their position, Defendants cite New York Stock Exchange v. Sloan, 22 F.R.Serv.2d 500 (S.D.N.Y.1976). In the Sloan

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
162 F.R.D. 102, 1993 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 20866, 1993 WL 774455, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/blount-v-wake-electric-membership-corp-nced-1993.