§ 48-01.2-01 — Definitions

North Dakota § 48-01.2-01

• Jurisdiction: North Dakota
• Title 48: Public Buildings
• Ch. 48-01.2: Public Improvement Bids and Contracts

Text

In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. "Agency construction management" means a public improvement delivery method
through which a person provides to a governing body experienced construction
management services, including ideas on constructability, documentation of design
and construction, and coordination of project schedules.
2. "Architect" means an individual registered as an architect under chapter 43-03.
3. "Common ownership" means a shared management or ownership interest in two or
more entities.
4. "Construction" means the process of building, altering, repairing, improving, or
demolishing any public structure or building or other improvement to any public
property. The term does not include the routine operation or maintenance of existing
facilities, structures, buildings, or real property or demolition projects costing less than
the threshold established under section 48-01.2-02.1.
5. "Construction administration" means administrative services provided by a governing
body or an architect, a landscape architect, or an engineer, and includes providing
clarifications, submittal review, recommendations for payment, preparation of change
orders, and other administrative services included in the agreement with the architect,
landscape architect, or engineer. The term does not include supervision of the
construction activities for the construction contracts.
6. "Construction management at-risk" means a public improvement delivery method
through which a construction manager provides advice to the governing body during
the planning and design phase of a public improvement, negotiates a contract with the
governing body for the general construction bid package of the public improvement,
and contracts with subcontractors and suppliers for the actual construction of the
public improvement.
7. "Construction manager" means a contractor licensed under chapter 43-07 or an
individual employed by a licensed contractor which has the expertise and resources to
assist a governing body with the management of the design, contracting, and
construction aspects of a public improvement.
8. "Construction observation" means observation of construction work and site visits by
an architect, a landscape architect, or an engineer to assist the governing body in
determining that the work conforms in general to the requirements of the construction
contract and that the contractor has implemented and maintained the integrity of the
design concept of a project as a functioning whole as indicated in the construction
contract.
9. "Contract" means a type of agency agreement for the procurement of services under
this chapter.
10. "Contractor" means any person, duly licensed, that undertakes or enters a contract
with a governing body for the construction or construction management of any public
improvement, including multiple prime contracts.
11. "Design services" means architect services, engineer services, landscape architect
services, or surveyor services.
12. "Design-bid-build" means a project delivery method in which design and construction
of the project are in sequential phases, and in which the first project phase involves
design services, the second project phase involves securing a contractor through a
bidding process, and the third project phase provides for construction of the project by
a contractor awarded the project.
13. "Emergency situation" means a sudden generally unexpected occurrence that requires
immediate action to protect public health, safety, or property and which ends when the
immediate threat to public health, safety, or property ceases and services are restored.
The term does not include a lack of planning on the part of the governing body,
architect, engineer, landscape architect, or contractor.

14. "Engineer" means an individual registered as an engineer under chapter 43-19.1.
15. "General conditions" means the written portion of a contract setting forth the governing
body's minimum acceptable performance requirements, including the rights,
responsibilities, and relationships of the parties involved in the performance of the
contract.
16. "Governing body" means the governing officer or board of a state entity or a political
subdivision.
17. "Guaranteed maximum price" means the maximum amount a construction manager
at-risk may be paid under a contract to construct a public improvement.
18. "Landscape architect services" means landscape architecture services governed
under chapter 43-03.
19. "Lowest responsible bidder" means the lowest best bidder for the project considering
past experience, financial condition, past work with the governing body, and other
pertinent attributes that may be identified in the advertisement for bids.
20. "Political subdivision" means a county, township, park district, school district, city, and
any other unit of local government which is created either by statute or by the
Constitution of North Dakota for local government or other public purposes.
21. "Public improvement" means any improvement undertaken by a governing body for
the good of the public and which is paid for with any public funds, including public
loans, bonds, leases, or alternative funding, and is constructed on public land or within
an existing or new public building or any other public infrastructure or facility if the
result of the improvement will be operated and maintained by the governing body. The
term does not include a county road construction and maintenance, state highway, or
public service commission project governed by title 11, 24, or 38.
22. "Subcontractor" means a person that contracts to perform work or render a service to
a contractor or to another subcontractor as part of a contract with a governing body.