§ 12.1-23-01 — Consolidation of theft offenses

1. Conduct denominated theft in sections 12.1-23-02 to 12.1-23-04 constitutes a single
offense designed to include the separate offenses heretofore known as larceny,
stealing, purloining, embezzlement, obtaining money or property by false pretenses,
extortion, blackmail, fraudulent conversion, receiving stolen property, misappropriation
of public funds, swindling, and the like.
2. An indictment, information, or complaint charging theft under sections 12.1-23-02 to
12.1-23-04 which fairly apprises the defendant of the nature of the charges against
him shall not be deemed insufficient because it fails to specify a particular category of
theft. The defendant may be found guilty of theft under such an indictment,
information, or complaint if his conduct falls under sections 12.1-23-02 to 12.1-23-04,
so long as the conduct proved is sufficiently related to the conduct charged that the
accused is not unfairly surprised by the case he must meet.