1.“Claim” means any request or demand, whether pursuant to a contract or otherwise,
for money or property and whether the state has title to the money or property, which is
presentedtoanofficer, employee, agent, orotherrepresentativeofthestateortoacontractor,
grantee, orotherpersonifthemoneyorpropertyistobespentorusedonthestate’sbehalfor
to advance a state program or interest, and if the state provides any portion of the money or
property which is requested or demanded, or if the state will reimburse directly or indirectly
such contractor, grantee, or other person for any portion of the money or property which is
requested or demanded. “Claim” does not include any requests or demands for money or
property that the state has paid to an individual as compensation for state employment or as
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1. “Claim” means any request or demand, whether pursuant to a contract or otherwise,
for money or property and whether the state has title to the money or property, which is
presentedtoanofficer, employee, agent, orotherrepresentativeofthestateortoacontractor,
grantee, orotherpersonifthemoneyorpropertyistobespentorusedonthestate’sbehalfor
to advance a state program or interest, and if the state provides any portion of the money or
property which is requested or demanded, or if the state will reimburse directly or indirectly
such contractor, grantee, or other person for any portion of the money or property which is
requested or demanded. “Claim” does not include any requests or demands for money or
property that the state has paid to an individual as compensation for state employment or as
an income subsidy with no restrictions on that individual’s use of the money or property.
2. “Custodian” means the custodian, or any deputy custodian, designated by the attorney
general under section 685.6.
3. “Documentary material” includes the original or any copy of any book, record,
report, memorandum, paper, communication, tabulation, chart, or other document, or
data compilations stored in or accessible through computer or other information retrieval
systems, together with instructions and all other materials necessary to use or interpret such
data compilations, and any product of discovery.
4. “False claims law” means this chapter.
5. “False claims law investigation” means any inquiry conducted by a false claims law
investigator for the purpose of ascertaining whether any person is or has been engaged in
any violation of a false claims law.
6. “False claims law investigator” means any attorney or investigator employed by the
department of justice who is charged with the duty of enforcing or carrying into effect
any false claims law, or any officer or employee of the state acting under the direction
and supervision of such attorney or investigator in connection with a false claims law
investigation.
7. a. “Knowing” or “knowingly” means that a person with respect to information, does
any of the following:
(1) Has actual knowledge of the information.
(2) Acts in deliberate ignorance of the truth or falsity of the information.
(3) Acts in reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the information.
b. “Knowing” or “knowingly” does not require proof of specific intent to defraud.
8. “Material” means having a natural tendency to influence, or be capable of influencing,
the payment or receipt of money or property.
9. “Obligation” means an established duty, whether or not fixed, arising from an express
or implied contractual, grantor-grantee, or licensor-licensee relationship, from a fee-based or
similar relationship, from statute or regulation, or from the retention of any overpayment.
10. “Official use” means any use that is consistent with the law, and the regulations and
policies of the department of justice, including use, in connection with internal department
of justice memoranda and reports; communications between the department of justice and
a federal, state, or local government agency or a contractor of a federal, state, or local
government agency, undertaken in furtherance of a department of justice investigation or
prosecution of a case; interviews of any qui tam plaintiff or other witness; oral examinations;
depositions; preparation for and response to civil discovery requests; introduction into the
record of a case or proceeding; applications, motions, memoranda and briefs submitted
to a court or other tribunal; and communications with government investigators, auditors,
consultants and experts, the counsel of other parties, and arbitrators and mediators,
concerning an investigation, case, or proceeding.
11. “Original source” means an individual who prior to a public disclosure under section
685.3, subsection 5, paragraph “c”, has voluntarily disclosed to the state the information on
which the allegations or transactions in a claim are based; or who has knowledge that is
independent of and materially adds to the publicly disclosed allegations or transactions, and
hasvoluntarilyprovidedtheinformationtothestatebeforefilinganactionunderthischapter.
12. “Person” means any natural person, partnership, corporation, association, or other
legal entity, including any state or political subdivision of the state.
13. “Product of discovery” includes all of the following:
a. The original or duplicate of any deposition, interrogatory, document, thing, result of
the inspection of land or other property, examination, or admission, which is obtained by any
method of discovery in any judicial or administrative proceeding of an adversarial nature.
b. Any digest, analysis, selection, compilation, or derivation of any item listed in
paragraph “a”.
c. Any index or other manner of access to any item listed in paragraph “a”.
14. “Qui tam plaintiff” means a private plaintiff who brings an action under this chapter
on behalf of the state.
15. “State” means the state of Iowa.