§ 25-15-320 — Environmental covenants - when required - waiver

(1) No
environmental covenant shall be required for any environmental remediation
project that results in residual contamination levels that have been determined by
the relevant regulatory agency to be safe for all uses and that does not incorporate
any engineered feature or structure or require any monitoring, maintenance, or
operation.

(2) Except as specified in subsections (3) and (4) of this section, an
environmental covenant under this part 3 shall be required for any environmental
remediation project in which the relevant regulatory authority makes a remedial
decision on or after July 1, 2001, that would result in either or both of the following:

(a) Residual contamination at levels that have been determined to be safe for
one or more specific uses, but not all uses; or

(b) Incorporation of an engineered feature or structure that requires
monitoring, maintenance, or operation or that will not function as intended if it is
disturbed.

(3) The department may waive the requirement for an environmental
covenant in the following circumstances:

(a) If the department determines that it is authorized under another statute
or decision of the Colorado supreme court to implement and enforce environmental
use restrictions against the present and subsequent owners of real property
remediated pursuant to an environmental remediation project and implements
environmental use restrictions under such statute or decision; or

(b) For a parcel of land involved in an environmental remediation project that
is owned by any person who is not being required to remediate the contamination,
and:

(I) The owner of any such parcel does not grant an environmental covenant
under this section;

(II) The county, city and county, or municipality having jurisdiction over the
affected land has enacted an ordinance or resolution imposing the relevant
environmental use restrictions; and

(III) The county, city and county, or municipality having jurisdiction and the
department have entered into an intergovernmental agreement for oversight and
enforcement of the local ordinance or resolution pursuant to section 29-1-203,
C.R.S. Such agreement shall be binding and mutually enforceable. The department
shall have such authority as may be provided in the intergovernmental agreement
to bring suit for injunctive relief to enforce any local ordinance or resolution
described in this subsection (3), but only with respect to properties that are subject
to the requirements of this section. Any intergovernmental agreement under this
section shall require that, insofar as the local ordinance or resolution applies to
properties that are subject to the requirements of this section, any amendments to
the local ordinance or resolution shall incorporate such requirements as the
department may recommend to ensure continued protection of human health and
the environment.

(4) (a) When an environmental covenant is required under subsection (2) of
this section, a restrictive notice may be substituted for the covenant as follows:

(I) An owner of a parcel of land involved in an environmental remediation
project who is being required to remediate contamination may request that the
department approve a proposed restrictive notice for such parcel or may request
that the department issue a restrictive notice.

(II) The department may unilaterally issue a restrictive notice containing the
provisions described in section 25-15-319 when an environmental covenant is
required under subsection (2) of this section and the owner of the subject property
fails to create a covenant or restrictive notice within thirty days after:

(A) The date of a remedial decision for an environmental remediation project
that relies solely on environmental use restrictions to protect human health and the
environment; or

(B) The completion of construction work for environmental remediation
projects that require physical work.

(b) Prior to issuing a restrictive notice unilaterally under subparagraph (II) of
paragraph (a) of this subsection (4), the department shall make a good-faith
attempt to reach agreement with the owner of the subject property regarding a
consensual covenant or notice.

(c) The department may not issue a restrictive notice for a parcel of land
involved in an environmental remediation project that is owned by a person who is
not being required to remediate the contamination, unless such person consents in
writing.

(5) The department may accept environmental covenants or issue restrictive
notices in cases where such covenants or notices are not required, including
approvals of voluntary cleanup plans or petitions for no action determinations
under sections 25-16-306 and 25-16-307, but the owner of the remediated land
nonetheless desires to create such a covenant or requests that the department
issue such a notice. A covenant or notice created under this subsection (5) may be
enforced as any other covenant or notice.

Legislative History

Source: L. 2001: Entire section added, p. 455, � 2, effective July 1. L. 2008: IP(2), (3)(b)(III), (4), and (5) amended, p. 171, � 6, effective March 24.