Warren v. Derivaux

996 So. 2d 729, 2008 WL 5089507
CourtMississippi Supreme Court
DecidedDecember 4, 2008
Docket2007-CA-00905-SCT
StatusPublished
Cited by47 cases

This text of 996 So. 2d 729 (Warren v. Derivaux) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Mississippi Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Warren v. Derivaux, 996 So. 2d 729, 2008 WL 5089507 (Mich. 2008).

Opinion

996 So.2d 729 (2008)

W.W. WARREN
v.
Robert DERIVAUX.

No. 2007-CA-00905-SCT.

Supreme Court of Mississippi.

December 4, 2008.

*732 Roy H. Liddell, Clint D. Vanderver, Ridgeland, Beverly D. Poole, Jackson, attorneys for appellant.

Stephen J. Carmody, Jonathan R. Werne, Jackson, attorneys for appellee.

Before SMITH, C.J., DICKINSON and LAMAR, JJ.

LAMAR, Justice, for the Court.

¶ 1. This case arises from a dispute between adjoining commercial landowners, W.W. Warren and Robert Derivaux, and concerns the rights created by a document entitled "Reciprocal Easement," executed in 1986 by Warren and the predecessor owner to the Derivaux property, Ronald C. Smith. The pivotal question is whether the Reciprocal Easement establishes a perpetual easement for parking and signage in addition to the easement for ingress and egress. Second, this Court must determine whether Warren's conduct warranted compensatory damages for lost profits, punitive damages, and an award of attorneys' fees.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

¶ 2. Warren and Derivaux own adjoining commercial property in Jackson, Mississippi, near the southwest corner of Interstate 55 and Northside Drive. Warren's property is to the immediate north of Derivaux's property.

*733 ¶ 3. In 1986, the Mississippi Department of Transportation updated the frontage road that runs along the east property line of both parties. Because Warren's property lost all access to the frontage road from his property, Warren negotiated for an access easement across the property of Ronald C. Smith, predecessor owner of Robert Derivaux's property. In return, Smith sought rights as to parking and signage. On April 22, 1986, Warren and Smith executed a document entitled "Reciprocal Easement," drafted by Warren's attorney and filed with the Hinds County Chancery Clerk. The Reciprocal Easement states, in part, that Smith and Warren "do hereby sell, convey and vest in each other, their successors in title, perpetual easement rights, to wit:

(1) The period, duration or term of this easement shall be perpetual, and/or until eternity.
(2) Parcel #2—Easement. This description shall be used for only ingress and egress purposes, and for no other reasons. Said description in Parcel #2—Easement shall never be blocked to impair it's [sic] continuous use for ingress-egress by all parties lawfully upon the lands, Parcel #1—Fee, and W.W. Warren property lying to the North, as shown by the plat attached. Said Parcel #2—Easement shall be kept "clear" at all times.
(3) As to property presently or hereafter owned by W.W. Warren, lying North and adjacent as to Parcel #1—Fee or Ron C. Smith, it is agreed that parties with business interest may cross-park in four spaces owned by W.W. Warren located South of Bennigan's; furthermore, that parties with business interest may cross-park in four spaces owned by Ron C. Smith, a part of Parcel #1—Fee.
(4) Business Sign. W.W. Warren vests in Ron C. Smith the legal right to erect, maintain, and remove upon the property of W.W. Warren which lies 1.5 feet from said Ron C. Smith, North Property line, and 35 feet Westward from the Southeast Corner of the W.W. Warren property, a business sign as mutually agreed upon."

¶ 4. Pursuant to these terms, Smith erected a business sign within 1.5 feet of his north property line and 33 feet from the southeast corner of Warren's property. The sign was approved by Bennigan's management[1], per Warren's instructions, and stood until 1988, when Derivaux purchased Smith's property in foreclosure. Having been informed of the Reciprocal Easement, Derivaux removed Smith's sign and erected a new sign for his insurance business. Warren and Derivaux discussed the new sign with Warren approving.[2] Derivaux's sign was located in approximately the same location as Smith's sign.

¶ 5. From 1988 until April 2002, Derivaux, his employees, and his customers used four parking spaces located on the Warren property. In 1998, Warren informed Derivaux that the sign could not remain in its location unless Derivaux paid rent. No further action was taken by either party until April 2002, when Warren demanded monthly payment for parking. Upon this demand, Derivaux made one payment in the amount of $250, but ceased *734 payments after consulting his attorney. Derivaux continued to use the four parking spaces. On May 31, 2005, Warren disconnected the power to Derivaux's sign. Derivaux gave Warren a copy of the Easement and demanded that Warren cease tampering with the sign. On June 4, 2005, Warren, his son, and a welder removed Derivaux's sign by the use of a blow torch and damaged the sign in the process. Warren also placed concrete parking bumpers in the parking lot, restricting Derivaux's access to the spaces nearest the property line.

¶ 6. On June 28, 2005, Derivaux filed suit against Warren in the County Court of Hinds County, First Judicial District, seeking compensatory and punitive damages, along with injunctive relief. The county court issued a temporary restraining order on June 29, 2005, ordering Warren to remove the parking bumpers. In response, Warren rearranged the barriers and installed a wooden fence near the property line. The fence was actually located, as Warren's own expert confirmed, on Derivaux's property.

¶ 7. The county court held that the Reciprocal Easement granted Derivaux and his successors the right to use four parking spaces for business purposes without restriction as well as the right to erect and maintain a sign within the designated area. The court further found that Warren's actions were malicious and/or grossly negligent, warranting an award of punitive damages. The county court awarded punitive damages and attorneys' fees, in addition to compensatory damages for the cost of a new sign and for loss of profits. The county court also granted Derivaux and his successors a permanent injunction preventing any interference with their rights under the Reciprocal Easement.

¶ 8. Warren appealed the ruling to the Chancery Court of Hinds County. The chancery court affirmed the county court's ruling as to the easement and damages for lost profits, but reversed the award of punitive damages and attorneys' fees. The chancery court found that the Reciprocal Easement, which included rights as to access, parking, and signage, was "a valid and enforceable easement that runs with the land." In reversing punitive damages, the chancery court found that Warren's conduct alone, while evidencing his anger, was not sufficient to warrant punitive damages, considering the totality of the circumstances. The chancery court reversed the award of attorneys' fees, finding "if attorneys' fees are not authorized by the contract or by statute, they are not to be awarded when an award of punitive damages is not proper."

¶ 9. Warren now appeals to this Court, arguing that the chancery court erred in finding that Derivaux has a valid and enforceable easement for parking and signage. Warren also appeals the award of damages for lost profits. Derivaux cross-appeals, arguing that the chancery court erred in reversing the county court's award of punitive damages and attorneys' fees.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

¶ 10. The judgment of a county court in a nonjury trial is entitled to the same deference on appeal as a chancery-court decree, as to its findings of fact and conclusions of law. Patel v. Telerent Leasing Corp., 574 So.2d 3, 6 (Miss.1990) (citing Rives v. Peterson, 493 So.2d 316, 317 (Miss.1986)).

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
996 So. 2d 729, 2008 WL 5089507, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/warren-v-derivaux-miss-2008.