Ussery v. State

1988 OK CR 122, 758 P.2d 319, 1988 Okla. Crim. App. LEXIS 134, 1988 WL 66603
CourtCourt of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma
DecidedJune 23, 1988
DocketF-86-280
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 1988 OK CR 122 (Ussery v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Ussery v. State, 1988 OK CR 122, 758 P.2d 319, 1988 Okla. Crim. App. LEXIS 134, 1988 WL 66603 (Okla. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinions

OPINION

BUSSEY, Judge:

The appellant, Hank Lee Ussery, was convicted by a jury of the crime of First Degree Manslaughter in violation of 21 O.S.1981, § 711(2), in the District Court of Carter County in Case No. CRF-82-156 and was sentenced to life imprisonment.

During the spring of 1982, the appellant and the victim, James Gibson, were sharing living space at a motel in Ardmore, Oklahoma, while they sought employment as temporary laborers. On June 10, 1982, the [320]*320victim, Gibson, while intoxicated, became involved in an argument with a married couple who were present at the motel. The appellant became involved when he criticized his roomate’s habit of drinking and attempting to flirt with other men’s wives. Gibson, angered at this interference, locked himself in the motel room and continued drinking.

According to the appellant’s account of the subsequent events, after having the motel clerk unlock the door, the appellant entered the room, sat down on his own bed, which was farthest from the door, and tried to talk to Gibson in an effort to calm him down. The appellant testified that Gibson became even more abusive, called the appellant names, and made threatening gestures with an empty whiskey bottle.

Concerned for his own well-being, the appellant testified that he picked up a large hunting knife that he had purchased as a gift for his father to protect himself while he attempted to leave the motel room. The appellant claims that as he was attempting to leave, Gibson lunged at him. When appellant raised his arms to ward off the attack, Gibson was accidentally stabbed in the throat. The appellant testified that at that point, Gibson stepped back clutching his wound saying “you stabbed me”, and ran from the motel room.

Other guests at the motel testified that they became aware of Gibson’s plight when the appellant came to their door seeking help, saying “I think I hurt my friend.” By this time, Gibson, injured and bleeding profusely, had made his way to the motel office. The clerk immediately called the police and Gibson collapsed at the doorway.

The first officer to arrive at the scene observed the appellant apparently walking away from the motel. Upon seeing the police car, the appellant pointed to the motel office, turned and began walking back towards where Gibson lay. As he turned to return to the motel, the appellant threw the hunting knife into some shrubbery that bordered the motel near the street.

By the time the police officer found Gibson, Gibson had died from his wound. One of the guests directed the officer to the appellant, saying “I think that’s the guy you want there.” The appellant identified himself and cooperated with the authorities. He was arrested that night and charged with First Degree Murder.

The trial lasted two days. Witnesses who were guests at the motel at the time of the killing were subpoenaed from out of State. Ussery presented character witnesses and also testified on his own behalf. He admitted stabbing Gibson but maintained, as his sole defense, that the killing was accidental. The jury returned a guilty verdict of the lesser included offense of First Degree Manslaughter, and assessed punishment at life imprisonment. Ussery timely filed a Motion for a New Trial, which was heard on December 15, 1985.

The trial court initially granted Ussery’s motion for new trial, ruling that the verdict was not supported by the evidence. The District Attorney objected and sought relief from this Court through petition for writ of mandamus and prohibition in Case No. P-83-21. That attempted appeal was dismissed because the State may not appeal a discretionary ruling through use of those extraordinary writs. Subsequently, the trial court reconsidered its ruling, vacated its order granting a new trial, and reinstated the judgment and sentence. Ussery now appeals that decision of the trial court alleging various propositions of error.

Predictably, the first proposition raised by the appellant is that the trial court erred in reinstating the original judgment and sentence. He argues that while title 22, in 22 O.S.1981, § 952, contains specific provisions for granting a new trial, this title has no provision whereby a trial court is granted the authority to vacate its own order granting a new trial.

Reasoning that since the statutes state that once a new trial has been granted, the parties are “in the same position as if no trial had been had,” 22 O.S.1981, § 951, the appellant emphasizes the apparent incongruity of a defendant remaining subject to “the whims of the trial judge’s change of heart.” Appellant’s brief p. 9. He attempts to bolster this argument by citing [321]*321two early cases in California for the proposition he raises. See People v. Hanks, 35 Cal.App.2d 290, 95 P.2d 478 (1939) and People v. Paysen, 123 Cal.App. 396, 11 P.2d 431 (1932).

We are not persuaded by appellant’s argument and note that the persuasive value of the cases cited is very limited, at best. We also note that the opposite conclusion has been reached in a much more recent decision by the Colorado Supreme Court. See People v. Weller, 679 P.2d 1077 (Colo.1984).

Since there are no Oklahoma cases which address this issue, we consider the well reasoned discussion by the Colorado Supreme Court in Weller, supra., as persuasive on this question. The Weller court examined cases from many different jurisdictions and concluded that: “A trial court may rescind its interlocutory order granting a new trial before a final judgment is entered and before a notice of appeal is filed.” People v. Weller, 679 P.2d at 1080-81 (Citations omitted).

One common thread running through the cases which allows a trial court to reconsider the grant of a new trial is that, in order to comport with due process of law, the motion to reconsider be made in a timely manner. See e.g. Hasty v. A & B Construction Co., 612 S.W.2d 267 (Tex.Civ.App.1981); Accord State v. Ornelas, 15 Ariz.App. 580, 490 P.2d 25 (1971); People v. Phino, 80 A.D.2d 804, 437 N.Y.S.2d 104 (1981). The appellant here stresses the fact that a span of 10 months expired between the time the trial court entered its order granting a new trial and its order vacating same. (Appellant chooses to disregard the period that all proceedings were stayed during this Court’s consideration of the District Attorney’s petition.) A mere cursory reading of the above cited cases shows, however, that it is not the number of days that determines whether reconsideration is done in a timely manner. Rather, the determinative point is when final judgment is rendered. The time frames vary in these cases from forty five (45) days in Hasty supra., to fourteen (14) months in Ornelas, supra. Our examination of the record in this case reveals that the trial court vacated the order granting new trial only thirty (30) days after we entered our order dismissing the District Attorney’s attempted appeal. We do not consider this to be an unreasonable span of time and refuse to adopt a ten (10) day “limitations” period as urged by the appellant.

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Ussery v. State
1988 OK CR 122 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma, 1988)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
1988 OK CR 122, 758 P.2d 319, 1988 Okla. Crim. App. LEXIS 134, 1988 WL 66603, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ussery-v-state-oklacrimapp-1988.