United States v. Julien Garcon

580 F. App'x 767
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
DecidedSeptember 17, 2014
Docket13-15142
StatusUnpublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 580 F. App'x 767 (United States v. Julien Garcon) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Julien Garcon, 580 F. App'x 767 (11th Cir. 2014).

Opinion

PER CURIAM:

Julien Garcon, a federal prisoner proceeding pro se, appeals the denial of his 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) motion to reduce his sentence. We affirm.

I. BACKGROUND

In May 2008, Garcon was convicted by a jury of possessing a firearm by a convicted *768 felon, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(1) and 924(e). He was acquitted of manufacturing at least five grams of crack cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1), (b)(1)(B); possessing with intent to distribute at least five grams of crack cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1), (b)(1)(B); and possessing with intent to distribute a detectable amount of cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1), (b)(1)(C).

Using the November 1, 2007 version of the Sentencing Guidelines, the probation officer calculated a base offense level of 24, pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 2K2.1(a)(2), the guideline for an 18 U.S.C. § 922(g) offense. Garcon received a two-level increase under § 2K2.1(b)(l)(A), because the offense involved more than two and less than eight firearms. He received another two-level increase, pursuant to § 2K2.1(b)(4)(A), because the firearm was stolen. He also received a four-level increase under § 2K2.1(b)(6), because he had used or possessed a firearm in connection with another felony offense. Specifically, a firearm was found in an apartment with powder and crack cocaine. Garcon’s offense level was 32.

Garcon had nine criminal-history points, which resulted in a criminal history category of IV. Based on a total offense level of 32 and a criminal history category of IV, the Guidelines imprisonment range was 168 to 210 months. The statutory maximum term of imprisonment, however, was 120 months, and the Guidelines range became 120 months. The district judge made the same Guidelines calculations at sentencing. After considering the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors, the judge sentenced Garcon to the statutory maximum. Garcon appealed his conviction; we affirmed on the merits. United States v. Garcon, 349 Fed.Appx. 377 (11th Cir.2009) (per curiam).

On July 25, 2013, Garcon filed his first pro se 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) .motion to reduce sentence, based on Amendments 599 and 706 to the Sentencing Guidelines. Under Amendment 599, Garcon asserted the district judge should not have added four levels to his base offense level under § 2K2.1(b)(6) for possessing a firearm in connection with another felony. He contended the jury had acquitted him of his charged drug offenses, and it was improper to add four levels to his offense level, when the jury had not found him guilty of committing another felony. Garcon also argued Amendment 706 lowered his Guidelines range. He asserted he was sentenced under § 2D1.1 for possessing a firearm in connection with trafficking crack cocaine; Amendment 706 reduced the offense levels in crack-cocaine cases.

The district judge denied the motion and found neither amendment had the effect of lowering Garcon’s sentencing range. The judge noted Amendment 599 concerned sentences under § 2K2.4 that were imposed in conjunction with a sentence for an underlying offense. Garcon, however, was not sentenced in conjunction with an underlying offense. 1 The judge also determined Amendment 706, which modified the Guidelines under § 2D1.1 relating to drug offenses, did not factor into Garcon’s sentence. In addition, the judge found both amendments took effect prior to Garcon’s sentence and could not have subsequently lowered his Guidelines range.

On October 11, 2013, Garcon filed this instant pro se 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) motion to reduce sentence. Like his prior motion, he sought a sentence reduction based on Amendments 599 and 706. He also argued for a sentence reduction under Amendment 750. Under Amendment 750, *769 he contended 89 grams of crack cocaine, for which the sentencing judge had held him responsible, converted to 139 kilograms of marijuana equivalent, which resulted in a Guidelines range of 92 to 115 months of imprisonment. Regarding Amendments 706 and 599, Garcon provided the same arguments he made in his prior motion, with additional elaboration. The district judge denied the motion for the same reasons he had denied Garcon’s first § 3582(c)(2) motion.

II. DISCUSSION

Proceeding pro se, Garcon argues Amendment 750 applies to reduce his sentence, because his offense level was determined by the 39 grams of crack cocaine for which the judge had held him responsible. Based on the quantity of crack cocaine, he asserts the judge had applied the cross-reference in § 2K2.1(c)(l)(A) to §§ 2X1.1 and 2D1.1. Concerning Amendment 599, he argues the sentencing judge was prohibited from applying the § 2K2.1(b)(6) enhancement, because he had possessed a different firearm in connection with the drug offenses than the firearm for which he was convicted of being a felon in possession. 2

We review de novo a district judge’s legal conclusions about the Sentencing Guidelines and the scope of authority under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2). United States v. Davis, 587 F.3d 1300, 1303 (11th Cir. 2009) (per curiam). Under § 3582(c)(2), a district judge may reduce the prison sentence of a “defendant who has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment based on a sentencing range that has subsequently been lowered by the Sentencing Commission.” 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2); see also U.S.S.G. § lB1.10(a)(l). For a defendant to be eligible for a sentence reduction, the Sentencing Commission must have amended the Sentencing Guidelines, that amendment must have lowered the defendant’s sentencing range, and the amendment must also be listed in U.S.S.G. § lB1.10(c). See 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2); U.S.S.G. § lB1.10(a)(l) & cmt. n. 1(A).

When applicable, Amendments 750 and 599 can serve as the basis for a sentence reduction, because they both are listed in U.S.S.G. § lB1.10(c). See U.S.S.G. § lB1.10(c).

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Bluebook (online)
580 F. App'x 767, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-julien-garcon-ca11-2014.