United States v. Jacobs

93 F. Supp. 3d 1, 2015 WL 1323509
CourtDistrict Court, N.D. New York
DecidedMarch 25, 2015
DocketNos. 5:08-CR-355, 5:14-CV-466
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 93 F. Supp. 3d 1 (United States v. Jacobs) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Jacobs, 93 F. Supp. 3d 1, 2015 WL 1323509 (N.D.N.Y. 2015).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM — DECISION and ORDER

DAVID N. HURD, District Judge.

I. INTRODUCTION

Petitioner — Defendant Alan Jacobs (“Jacobs” or “defendant”) moved pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255 to vacate, set aside, or correct the sentence imposed on him following his plea of guilty to one count of conspiracy to interfere with commerce by robbery in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1951 (the “Hobbs Act”). The United States of America (the “Government”) opposed. The motion was considered on the basis of the submissions without oral argument.

II. FACTUAL BACKGROUND1

On July 17, 2008, while he was on release and awaiting sentencing on a differ[4]*4ent matter, the Government indicted Jacobs for additional criminal conduct. In particular, this indictment alleged defendant conspired with others to take and obtain a large quantity of Canadian-grown marijuana and United States currency from the residence of Daniel Simonds against his will by means of actual and threatened force, violence, and fear of injury in violation of the Hobbs Act. Although the Government later filed a second superseding indictment in this matter, the charge against defendant remained unchanged. Stanley Cohen, Esq. (“Attorney Cohen”), the attorney who represented defendant in connection with the criminal matter on which he already awaited sentencing, entered an appearance on defendant’s behalf in connection with this new charge.

On January 6, 2009, Attorney Cohen learned he was under investigation by federal officials, including the United States Attorney’s Office for the Northern District of New York, when law enforcement agents executed search warrants at his home and law practice. Shortly thereafter, the Government filed a sealed application for a hearing to address any possible client-counsel conflicts of interest between Jacobs and Attorney Cohen stemming from this ongoing investigation. Donald Gerace, Esq. (“Attorney Gerace”) was appointed as independent counsel to advise defendant of his right to conflict-free representation and explain the potential consequences of the Government’s investigation into Attorney Cohen.

On February 12, 2009, a hearing was conducted pursuant to United States v. Curcio.2 The record of the colloquy included, in relevant part, the following exchanges:

THE COURT: Mr. Jacobs,.... You have had an opportunity to consult with independent counsel I have appointed, Mr. Gerace?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes, sir.
THE COURT: Did he answer any questions you may have had regarding this? THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
[THE COURT]: And do you have any questions that you wish to ask of me? THE DEFENDANT: No.
THE COURT: How long have you known Mr. Cohen?
THE DEFENDANT: A little more than twelve years.
THE COURT: And he has represented you before?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
THE COURT: Has he represented you on other matters besides criminal cases? THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
THE COURT: Has he represented your family on matters?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
THE COURT: Now, did you get some advice from Mr. Gerace and talked with him and ask him any questions you may have had?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes. He answered all my questions.
THE COURT: Good. Are you prepared to make a decision now as to whether or not you want to waive your right to a non-conflicted counsel and continue with Mr. Cohen?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
[5]*5THE COURT: What is your decision?
THE COURT: Did anyone put any pressure on you to stay with Mr. Cohen[?]
THE DEFENDANT: No.
THE COURT: Mr. Gerace, have you had an opportunity to discuss this matter with Mr. Jaeobs[?]
MR. GERACE: Yes, Your Honor. Mr. Jacobs and I did discuss.... The fact that Mr. Cohen ... is a target of an investigation, and there is a potential conflict of interest — or an actual conflict of interest is there, excuse me, with respect to that situation.
[Jacobs] and I did speak about different possible scenarios and things of that nature. I believe I answered all of [his] questions. I asked him if he had anything further he wanted to ask me. We spoke at length for approximately forty-five minutes to an hour about this. I would say about forty-five minutes.
And it is my understanding based upon what [Jacobs] has indicated to me, as well as what he has just indicated to the Court, that he understands that he has the ability to ... seek other counsel or ask the Court to appoint counsel....
[Jacobs] knows that the Court has given him the opportunity to think about this and adjourn the matter for a week in case he wanted to discuss the matter with other people that he seeks counsel from, such as family members....
THE COURT: Is that all correct?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
THE COURT: And so you don’t need a week or anything to make a decision on this matter?
THE DEFENDANT: No.
THE COURT: And ... did [you] talk to Mr. Cohen about the issues that were raised here?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
THE COURT: He has had some conferences with you, I understand, and he has explained his point of view as far as the investigation against him?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
THE COURT: Do you freely and intelligently waive your right to non-conflieted counsel and agree to stay with Mr. Cohen?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes.

See generally Def.’s Mem., Ex. B, ECF No. 167, 25-33 (“Transcript of Curcio Hearing”).3

Attorney Cohen remained Jacobs’s attorney in both criminal matters. Thereafter, defendant entered into a plea agreement with the Government to resolve the Hobbs Act charge and was later sentenced principally to a term of 240 months’ imprisonment. Defendant filed a timely notice of appeal.

On June 14, 2012, approximately three months after the Hobbs Act charge against Jacobs was resolved, the Government indicted Attorney Cohen in the Northern District of New York. In general, this indictment alleged that Cohen regularly received payments to, and paid expenses for, his law practice in sums of cash for which he failed to report, maintain records, or file appropriate income tax returns between 2003 and 2010.

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Bluebook (online)
93 F. Supp. 3d 1, 2015 WL 1323509, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-jacobs-nynd-2015.