Todd Shipyards Corp. v. United States

93 F. Supp. 807, 117 Ct. Cl. 766, 42 A.F.T.R. (P-H) 53, 1950 U.S. Ct. Cl. LEXIS 5
CourtUnited States Court of Claims
DecidedNovember 7, 1950
DocketNo. 48916
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 93 F. Supp. 807 (Todd Shipyards Corp. v. United States) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Court of Claims primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Todd Shipyards Corp. v. United States, 93 F. Supp. 807, 117 Ct. Cl. 766, 42 A.F.T.R. (P-H) 53, 1950 U.S. Ct. Cl. LEXIS 5 (cc 1950).

Opinion

Littleton, Judge,

delivered the opinion of the court:

Plaintiff sues to recover $178,281.56 alleged to be reimbursable items of cost incurred for and incidental to the performance of six cost-plus-a-fixed-fee contracts entered into with defendant through the United States Maritime Commission, and for a reasonable sum to cover costs and attorneys’ fees incurred in bringing this suit. The sum of $156,250 represents capital stock taxes paid by plaintiff for five years commencing in 1941; $17,553.89 represents attorneys’ fees paid by plaintiff for the defense of lawsuits during the course of the contracts; $4,443.87 represents a judgment paid by plaintiff in the Fatheree case, plus $33.80 court costs, the judgment being for liquidated damages awarded in addition to overtime wages previously paid as. a result of a suit under the Fair Labor Standards Act [781]*781[29 U. S. C. 201-219]. Plaintiff alleges that $25,000 represents a reasonable fee for its attorneys in bringing and prosecuting suit in this court to collect the above items of ■alleged reimbursable costs, and asks that the court award this amount as a further item of cost alleged to be properly allowable under the terms of its contracts.

The present plaintiff is the successor in interest to Todd-Pacific Shipyards Corporation, the original plaintiff. The corporate history of plaintiff is set forth in finding 1. Beginning March 14,1941, and ending August 8,1944,.plain-tiff’s predecessor, hereinafter referred to as “Todd”, entered into a series of six contracts (findings 2 through 7) whereby Todd agreed to construct for and deliver to defendant at Houston, Texas, certain ships upon a cost-plus-a-fixed-fee basis. All the shipbuilding contracts were substantially similar in terms insofar as material to this suit.

Generally the contracts obligated defendant to pay to Todd the entire cost of performing the contracts, plus a fixed fee in each case which would vary inversely in proportion to the number of man-hours consumed in constructing each vessel. Each contract conditionally provided for partial payments of costs and fees to be made to Todd as the work progressed, and unconditionally provided that the defendant would pay all balances due Todd within six months after delivery of the last vessel.

With respect to costs which would be reimbursable the contract provided in Article 7 A that, in general, such costs were to be determined in accordance with the rules and regulations for determining costs issued by the Commission, entitled “Regulations Prescribing Method of Determining Profit, Adopted May 4, 1939,” as amended, “in so far as applicable, and (in so far as the same are not applicable) in accordance with sound accounting practice.” The article then listed certain specific items to be included (without limitation) in determining costs.

Capital stock tasa claim

In Article 7 A-8 of the contract it was provided that there should be included in determining a contractor’s costs, excise [782]*782and other taxes as defined in paragraph 7.48 of the above mentioned Regulations. Paragraph 7.48 of the Regulations mentions specifically capital stock taxes as an includable item of cost (finding 8). During each of the years 1941 through 1945, Todd duly filed a capital stock tax return with the Collector of Internal Revenue at Austin, Texas, for each year ending with June 30, and paid taxes at the rate of $1.25 for each thousand dollars of declared value. In the instructions accompanying the returns for those years, the taxpayer was advised that it might exercise its unrestricted judgment and discretion in determining its declared value, and that consideration should be given to the corporation’s net worth, its earning power, and any other factors deemed by the taxpayer to be pertinent. The taxpayer was warned that care should be exercised in arriving at a declared value since that value would be the measure not only of the capital stock tax due, but would also be a prime factor in determining-the declared value excess-profits tax due at the end of its income-tax taxable year. The declared value excess-profits tax so referred to was a tax imposed upon the net income of a corporation for its income-tax taxable year (in plaintiff’s case-its income-tax taxable year ended each year on November 30 )> ending after the close of the tax year for capital stock tax purposes. The declared value excess-profits tax was at the rate of 6.6 per centum of such portion of the taxpayer’s net income for its income-tax taxable year in excess of 10' per centum and not in excess of 15 per centum of the declared value appearing on its capital stock tax return, and-further at the rate of 13.2 per centum of such portion of its net income in excess of 15 per centum of such declared value.

In 1941 the tax law then in effect provided that the declared value for capital stock tax purposes in that year would be-binding upon the taxpayer for that year and the two succeeding years. Todd was incorporated in 1941 and entered into* its first contracts with defendant in that year. It was accordingly necessary for Todd to arrive at a declared value-figure for its first capital stock tax return which would take-into account its net worth, probable earnings and other factors for 1941, 1942, and 1943. In 1942 the tax law was [783]*783amended to permit taxpayers to make new declarations of value for capital stock tax purposes in each year.

The method used by Todd in arriving at a declared value for capital stock tax purposes was to estimate as' nearly as possible its probable net income for its income-tax taxable year and then multiply that figure by. ten. This method of establishing declared value was in general use by business corporations and was in accordance with sound accounting practice. If a taxpayer’s estimate of its probable net income was approximately in accord with its actual net income earned during its income-tax taxable year, this method of multiplying the estimated figure by ten was calculated to avoid the imposition of the declared value excess-profits tax. . In 1941 Todd, faced with the necessity of declaring a value for capital stock and declared value excess-profits tax purposes that would serve for three years, estimated that its net income would be in the neighborhood of $3,100,000 and multiplying this figure by 10, it declared a value on its capital stock tax return for that first year of $31,000,000 and paid a capital stock tax of $38,750. The Todd corporation was formed in 1941, and Todd anticipated that it would have little net income for that year. If it had known that it was not to be bound for three years by the value declared in 1941, Todd would have declared a much lower value. Todd’s actual net income for 1941 was only $33,000 and the capital stock tax on that figure, had it been used as a basis and then multiplied by 10, would have been only $412.50, instead of the $38,750 which it paid.

In 1942 Todd made a new valuation and its actual net income of $1,790,370.77 was very close to its estimated net income of $1,800,000. In that year Todd paid a capital stock tax which was only slightly more than it would have paid had it guessed what its exact net income was to be.

In 1943 Todd estimated that it would have a net income of $3,200,000. Its actual net income for that year was $4,067,294.89.

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Bluebook (online)
93 F. Supp. 807, 117 Ct. Cl. 766, 42 A.F.T.R. (P-H) 53, 1950 U.S. Ct. Cl. LEXIS 5, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/todd-shipyards-corp-v-united-states-cc-1950.