Tharp v. Southern Gables, Inc.

481 S.E.2d 339, 125 N.C. App. 364, 1997 N.C. App. LEXIS 95
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedFebruary 18, 1997
DocketNo. COA96-573
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 481 S.E.2d 339 (Tharp v. Southern Gables, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Tharp v. Southern Gables, Inc., 481 S.E.2d 339, 125 N.C. App. 364, 1997 N.C. App. LEXIS 95 (N.C. Ct. App. 1997).

Opinion

SMITH, Judge.

Plaintiff was employed as an independent contractor performing roofing work on Southern Gables’ projects. On 1 July 1994, plaintiff fell from a roof to the ground. Plaintiff testified that he arrived at work at approximately 8:00 a.m. and fell at 2:00 p.m. Plaintiff claims he became dizzy just prior to his fall and has no other memory of the incident.

Plaintiff was transported to and received treatment from Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital (Moses Cone Hospital), where he was diagnosed as suffering a T3-T4 fracture dislocation with complete paraplegia, bilateral hemopneumothorax and seizure disorder. On 1 July 1994, Dr. Eisner at Moses Cone Hospital performed a surgical decompression and stabilization of thoracic spinal fractures. Plaintiff received occupational therapy from Moses H. Cone Health Care Services, as well as Moses H. Cone Rehabilitation Center. Plaintiff also received treatment after his fall from Dr. Joseph W. Stiefel at Guilford Neurologic Associates. Plaintiff was discharged from Moses H. Cone Rehabilitation Center on 8 September 1994.

The record shows that prior to plaintiffs fall, he had a history of alcohol withdrawal seizures since 1988. Plaintiff was diagnosed as a chronic alcohol user, and smoked marijuana daily. Plaintiffs wife tes[367]*367tified that plaintiffs binges occurred three to four times per month and that these binges lasted up to a week. Plaintiff had previously received treatment for alcohol withdrawal seizures from Moses Cone Hospital and Wesley Long Community Hospital (Wesley Long Hospital), as well as from Dr. Jeffrey J. Schmidt, a neurologist. Plaintiff admitted to a nine day drinking binge that ended 26 June 1994, four days prior to his injury. Plaintiff also has a medical history of seizures unrelated to alcohol intake. Defendant contends that plaintiffs claim was denied because plaintiff fell from the roof because of an idiopathic condition, specifically a seizure which was pre-existing and not connected to his employment.

Deputy Commissioner Tamara N. Nance heard the matter on 1 December 1994. Prior to the hearing, the parties entered into a pretrial agreement, where an employment relationship between plaintiff and Southern Gables and plaintiffs medical records were stipulated. The deputy commissioner issued an opinion and award in which she concluded that plaintiff sustained an injury by accident arising out of and in the course of his employment with defendant when he fell from the roof on 1 July 1994. Deputy Commissioner Nance disagreed with defendant’s argument that plaintiffs claim is barred under the North Carolina General Statutes section 97-12 intoxication defense. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 97-12 (1991). Defendant appealed to the Full Commission.

On 8 March 1996, the Full Commission issued an opinion and award affirming Deputy Commissioner Nance’s decision regarding whether plaintiff’s injury was proximately caused by his intoxication and plaintiff’s average weekly wage. Further, the Full Commission found that defendant’s intoxication defense pursuant to section 97-12 was “grounded in unfounded litigiousness” pursuant to North Carolina General Statutes Section 88.1 and awarded plaintiff attorney’s fees for the cost of the proceeding at the deputy commissioner level as well as $500.00 for costs. The Full Commission did not find that plaintiff required attendant medical care, and accordingly denied plaintiff’s wife’s claim for nursing services. Defendant appeals from the opinion and award.

Defendant argues first that the Full Commission erred in failing to find that plaintiff’s injuries were proximately caused by his intoxication. We disagree.

The standard of review in cases appealed from the Industrial Commission “is limited to a determination of whether the Commis[368]*368sion’s findings of fact are supported by competent evidence and whether the conclusions of law are supported by the findings.” Ross v. Mark’s Inc., 120 N.C. App. 607, 610, 463 S.E.2d 302, 304 (1995). Accordingly, if competent evidence exists, the Industrial Commission’s findings of fact are conclusive on appeal even though there may be evidence which would support a contrary finding. Lowe v. BE&K Construction Co., 121 N.C. App. 570, 468 S.E.2d 396 (1996); Fletcher v. Dana Corporation, 119 N.C. App. 491, 459 S.E.2d 31, disc. review denied, 342 N.C. 191, 463 S.E.2d 235 (1995).

It is defendant’s contention that it is relieved from liability under the Workers’ Compensation Act because plaintiff’s injury was proximately caused by his intoxication. North Carolina General Statutes section 97-12 of the North Carolina Workers’ Compensation Act states:

No compensation shall be payable if the injury or death to the employee was proximately caused by:
(1) His intoxication, provided the' intoxicant was not supplied by the employer or his agent in a supervisory capacity to the employee ....

Defendant-employer has the burden of proving the affirmative defense of intoxication. Anderson v. Century Data Systems, 71 N.C. App. 540, 545, 322 S.E.2d 638, 641 (1984), disc. review denied, 313 N.C. 327, 327 S.E.2d 887 (1985). Defendant must “prove only that the employee’s intoxication was more probably than not a cause in fact of the accident resulting in injury to the employee.” Id.

Proximate cause has been defined as follows:

(1) in a natural and continuous sequence and unbroken by any new and independent cause produces an injury, (2) without which the injury would not have occurred, and (3) from which a person of ordinary prudence could have reasonably foreseen that such a result, or some similar injurious result, was probable under the facts as they existed.

Goode v. Harrison, 45 N.C. App. 547, 548-49, 263 S.E.2d 33, 34 (1980). In the case sub judice, the Industrial Commission specifically found that:

7. Plaintiff suffers from an idiopathic seizure disorder accentuated by alcohol and poor compliance with medication. However, there is insufficient evidence of record to find by its [369]*369greater weight that plaintiff’s fall from the roof on 1 July 1994 was caused by an alcohol withdrawal seizure, or any other kind of seizure for that matter.

The Commission further found that:

12. This case is one of first impression in North Carolina, in that defendant’s defense in this case deals with intoxication that is not contemporaneous with the employee’s injury by accident, more specifically alcohol withdrawal seizures allegedly resulting in plaintiff’s injury by accident. The first impression nature of this case results from the fact that past cases of precedential value have dealt only with fact scenarios under which the intoxication and the injury were contemporaneous.

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481 S.E.2d 339, 125 N.C. App. 364, 1997 N.C. App. LEXIS 95, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/tharp-v-southern-gables-inc-ncctapp-1997.