Termination of Larsen v. Board of Education

2010 NMCA 093, 242 P.3d 487, 148 N.M. 920
CourtNew Mexico Court of Appeals
DecidedJuly 27, 2010
Docket28,428; 32,565
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 2010 NMCA 093 (Termination of Larsen v. Board of Education) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Mexico Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Termination of Larsen v. Board of Education, 2010 NMCA 093, 242 P.3d 487, 148 N.M. 920 (N.M. Ct. App. 2010).

Opinion

OPINION

CASTILLO, Judge.

{1} Plaintiff Douglas Larsen filed an action in district court for breach of contract and damages after he was discharged from his position as a teacher with Defendant Farmington Municipal Schools. The district court ordered that the proceedings be stayed until an arbitration hearing was held before an independent arbitrator. The arbitrator affirmed Defendant’s decision to terminate Plaintiff. Plaintiff appeals, arguing that the arbitrator relied on grounds beyond the statutory notice provided him, that the insufficient notice violated his due process rights, and that substantial evidence does not support the arbitration award. We affirm.

BACKGROUND

{2} On December 16, 2002, a female student at Farmington High School contacted the principal and reported that Plaintiff, a certified school employee and teacher at the high school, was making advances of a sexual nature to her related to raising her grades in his class, and that he had physically touched her inappropriately. On December 18, 2002, the student filed a multi-page complaint against Plaintiff in which she stated that there had been several conversations with Plaintiff that had taken place during the past several days during which they discussed what the student could do about improving her grades. According to the student, on Friday, December 13, Plaintiff proposed to give her a passing grade if she allowed him to take pictures of her, and he also showed her the areas of her body that he wanted in the pictures — chest, mid-area, lower body and back. The student also alleged that Plaintiff touched her inappropriately on her breast and buttocks, and she explained that all of this made her feel uncomfortable. The student also stated that again on Monday, December 16, toward the end of class, Plaintiff directed her to the back of the classroom where they were alone; there he further explained that he expected to take “natural” pictures of her at the lake or in the woods with no one present, that she would have to act “like a slut,” and do what he told her to do, and that no one could know of the matter.

{3} On January 8, 2003, based primarily on the allegations of the student, Defendant’s Superintendent of Schools served Plaintiff with a notice of intent to recommend his discharge under the School Personnel Act (the Act), NMSA 1978, §§ 22-10A-1 to -39 (1967, as amended through 2009) (recompiled in 2003; prior version at NMSA 1978, §§ 22-10-1 to -27 (1967, as amended through 2002)). The notice informed Plaintiff that the discharge was based on misconduct involving inappropriate and lewd conduct with one of his female students, inappropriate photographs in his classroom, and insubordination based on previous warnings about similar conduct as to female students. Plaintiff appealed his discharge, entitling him to a de novo hearing by an independent arbitrator.

{4} After an arbitration hearing, the arbitrator determined that the notice of intention to recommend discharge adequately apprised Plaintiff of the nature of the allegations; that sufficient evidence supported a finding that Plaintiff suggested to a student that she pose for pictures for him outside of the classroom and outside of the presence of anyone else; that this suggestion alone constituted just cause for termination of Plaintiffs employment; and that the procedural errors regarding Plaintiffs request for hearing and/or appeal were rendered moot when the district court ordered the parties to arbitrate.

{5} Plaintiff appeals from the arbitration award, arguing that he received inadequate notice of the grounds upon which the arbitrator based his decision and that his due process rights were violated. Plaintiff also attacks the arbitration award on the basis of insufficient evidence.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

{6} “We determine whether substantial evidence supports the arbitrator’s factual findings, and we review his conclusions of law de novo.” Aguilera v. Bd. of Educ., 2005-NMCA-069, ¶ 8, 137 N.M. 642, 114 P.3d 322, aff'd on other grounds, 2006-NMSC-015, 139 N.M. 330, 132 P.3d 587.

NOTICE AND DUE PROCESS

{7} Section 22-10A-27 of the Act sets forth the manner in which a local school board must handle the discharge of a certified school employee. The superintendent must serve the employee with a written notice of intent to recommend discharge, stating the cause for the superintendent’s recommendation as well as the employee’s right to a discharge hearing before the school board. Section 22-10A-27(A)(2). When a local school board discharges a certified school employee, the employee may appeal the school board’s decision to an independent arbitrator, who shall decide the matter after a de novo hearing. Section 22~10A-28(A), (D). At the arbitration hearing, a school board must show by a preponderance of the evidence that, at the time of the notice of intent to recommend discharge, just cause existed to discharge the employee. Section 22~10A-28(D). The

arbitrator must review all the evidence relevant to the charges set forth in the notice of intent to discharge, including relevant evidence discovered after the notice has been served, and decide on that record whether the [local school bjoard has established by a preponderance of the evidence that the allegations of misconduct had a basis in fact and whether they constitute just cause supporting discharge.

Santa Fe Pub. Sch. v. Romero, 2001-NMCA-103, ¶ 16, 131 N.M. 383, 37 P.3d 100. The Act defines “just cause” as “a reason that is rationally related to an employee’s competence or turpitude or the proper performance of the employee’s duties and that is not in violation of the employee’s civil or constitutional rights.” Section 22-10A-2(G).

{8} Plaintiff argues that he received inadequate notice of the bases for his discharge. The notice of intention to recommend discharge provided Plaintiff with three reasons for Defendant’s proposed action:

1. Misconduct, in that you engaged in inappropriate and lewd conduct with one of your female students, including:
a. Proposing to the student that she pose for lewd photographs for you;
b. Suggesting to the student that her compliance with your proposal would result in improved grades;
c. Inappropriate and lewd physical contact with the student on the breast and buttocks;
2. Insubordination, in that the foregoing misconduct was committed despite a warning you received against similar conduct with a different student during the 2001-2002 school year; and
3. Misconduct, in that you kept photographs of nude children or adolescents in your classroom.

{9} The arbitrator made a finding that “the allegations as exactly set forth” were not proved by a preponderance of the evidence.

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Related

Johnson v. N.M. Hum. Servs. Dep't
New Mexico Court of Appeals, 2021
Alarcon v. Albuquerque Pub. Schs. Bd. of Educ.
413 P.3d 507 (New Mexico Court of Appeals, 2017)
In re Larsen
2010 NMCA 93 (New Mexico Court of Appeals, 2010)
Larsen v. Farmington Municipal Schools
2010 NMCA 094 (New Mexico Court of Appeals, 2010)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
2010 NMCA 093, 242 P.3d 487, 148 N.M. 920, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/termination-of-larsen-v-board-of-education-nmctapp-2010.