Sullivan v. Edens

801 S.W.2d 32, 304 Ark. 133, 1990 Ark. LEXIS 604
CourtSupreme Court of Arkansas
DecidedDecember 17, 1990
Docket90-171
StatusPublished
Cited by25 cases

This text of 801 S.W.2d 32 (Sullivan v. Edens) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Arkansas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sullivan v. Edens, 801 S.W.2d 32, 304 Ark. 133, 1990 Ark. LEXIS 604 (Ark. 1990).

Opinions

Robert H. Dudley, Justice.

This is a significant case involving the collection of accrued but unpaid child support. The 1978 divorce decree awarded custody of the children to the mother, appellant, and ordered the father, appellee, to pay monthly child support in an amount equal to 32% of his take-home pay, but, in any event, not less than $200.00 per month. In 1982, the mother filed a petition asking that the father be held in contempt for failing to pay child support. Prior to the hearing, the father paid the mother $ 1,000.00, and they agreed that the future amount of child support would be a fixed $200.00 per month, increasing to $225.00 per month beginning in 1984, and further increasing to $250.00 per month beginning in 1987. Neither party petitioned to have the original decree modified. The mother’s petition was later dismissed for failure to prosecute.

On July 12, 1989, the mother filed a petition to collect 32% of the father’s income as past due child support. In October 1989, she voluntarily dismissed her petition, but re-filed it on December 7, 1989.

After hearing the evidence the trial court found that the applicable statute of limitation was five years, and the mother “is not entitled to the amount previously ordered by this court but shall be entitled to the amount agreed by the parties.” The mother appeals and argues that the trial court erred (1) in applying a five year statute of limitation and (2) in refusing to give judgment for the full amount of past due child support. The trial court did err in fixing the amount of arrearage and, accordingly, we reverse.

The chancellor applied the correct statute of limitation. Prior to 1989, the statute of limitation applicable to arrearages accruing as the result of failure to comply with an order of child support was five years. Ark. Code Ann. § 16-56-115 (1987); Brun v. Rembert, 227 Ark. 241, 297 S.W.2d 940 (1957). In 1989, the period of limitation was changed to ten years. Ark. Code Ann. § 9-14-236 (Supp. 1989) and 16-56-129 (Supp. 1989). This case was heard after the effective date of the 1989 statute. The mother argues that the chancellor erred in refusing to apply the 1989 statute retroactively. The argument is without merit. When a new statute of limitation does not specifically repeal a prior statute of limitation, the new statute is not intended to operate retroactively and result in the removal of a limitation on causes of action already barred. Morton v. Tullgren, 263 Ark. 69, 563 S.W.2d 422 (1978). The old statute of limitation controls for all causes of action already accrued on the date of the enactment of the new statute. Trapnall v. Burton, 24 Ark. 371 (1866). The new statute of limitation applicable to this case does not provide for repeal of the old statute. Thus, the old five-year statute of limitation is applicable to those support payments due prior to the effective date of the new act, and the new ten-year statute of limitation is applicable to payments accruing after the effective date of the new act.

The mother filed her suit for collection of arrearages on July 12,1989. She voluntarily dismissed the suit in October 1989, but re-filed it on December 7,1989, which was within one year of the nonsuit. Thus, the chancellor correctly ruled that the mother’s recovery was limited to July 12, 1984.

Next, the mother assigns as error the chancellor’s ruling that she “is not entitled to the amount previously ordered by this court but shall be entitled to the amount agreed by the parties.” Again, a relatively new statute is applicable and requires that we divide this point into two sub-parts: (1) decide the amount of arrearages due before the statute’s effective date, and (2) then decide the arrearages due after its effective date.

The chancellor made a finding of fact that the parties agreed to reduce the child support to a fixed $200.00 beginning in 1982, $225.00 per month beginning in 1984, and $250.00 beginning in 1987. That finding is not clearly erroneous, and we affirm it. Prior to 1987, agreements between former spouses reducing the amount of child support payments did not bind the court, but the court could recognize such an agreement (1) if the agreement was supported by a valid consideration, Ray, v. Manatt, 250 Ark. 230, 465 S.W.2d 111 (1971), or (2) if it were inequitable to do otherwise, Bethell v. Bethell, 268 Ark. 409, 597 S.W.2d 576 (1980). An example of consideration is where the amount of child support is reduced by agreement and the obligor then takes custody of one of the children. Ray v. Manatt, supra. Here, there was a comparable consideration. The mother gave up the right to 32 % of the father’s income but gained an increase in the fixed amount of support from $200.000 to $250.00 per month over a period of time. This was significant since the father had been unemployed some of the time just prior to the agreement. Accordingly, the chancellor did not err in recognizing the agreement.

However, the chancellor did err in refusing to be bound after the effective date of the new act. Ark. Code Ann. § 9-12-314(b) and (c) (Supp. 1989), effective July 20, 1987, provides:

(b) Any decree, judgment, or order which contains a provision for the payment of money for the support and care of any child or children through the registry of the court shall be final judgment as to any installment or payment of money which has accrued until the time either party moves through proper motion filed with the court and served on the other party to set aside, alter, or modify the decree, judgment, or order.
(c) The court may not set aside, alter, or modify any decree, judgment, or order which has accrued unpaid support prior to the filing of the motion. However, the court may offset against future support to be paid those amounts accruing during time periods, other than reasonable visitation in which the noncustodial parent had physical custody of the child with the knowledge and consent of the custodial parent.

The General Assembly re-adopted identical provisions in 1989. Ark. Code Ann. § 9-14-234(a) and (b) (Supp. 1989).

These statutes were enacted to insure that child support programs of the State of Arkansas would qualify for future funding from the United States Department of Health and Human Services. In Title IV-D of the Social Security Act, Congress appropriated funds for such a program. 42 U.S.C. § 666 (1988) prescribes procedures which states must follow to qualify for funding. In 1986, as part of the Budget Reconciliation Act, Congress amended the qualifying procedures by adding a requirement that each state must have procedures which require that any payment or installment of support under any child support order is:

(a) (9) (A) a judgment by operation of law, with the full force, effect, and attributes of a judgment of the State, including the ability to be enforced,
(B) entitled as a judgment to full faith and credit in such State and in any other State, and

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Office of Child Support Enforcement v. King
100 S.W.3d 95 (Court of Appeals of Arkansas, 2003)
Rogers v. Rogers
97 S.W.3d 429 (Court of Appeals of Arkansas, 2003)
Shroyer v. Kauffman
58 S.W.3d 861 (Court of Appeals of Arkansas, 2001)
Barnes v. Morrow
43 S.W.3d 183 (Court of Appeals of Arkansas, 2001)
Sanderson v. Harris
957 S.W.2d 685 (Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1997)
Cole v. Harris
953 S.W.2d 586 (Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1997)
Branch v. Carter
933 S.W.2d 806 (Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1996)
Branch v. Carter
923 S.W.2d 874 (Court of Appeals of Arkansas, 1996)
Arkansas Department of Human Services v. Harris
910 S.W.2d 221 (Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1995)
Stuart v. Stuart
878 S.W.2d 785 (Court of Appeals of Arkansas, 1994)
Ramsey v. Ramsey
861 S.W.2d 313 (Court of Appeals of Arkansas, 1993)
Burnett v. Burnett
855 S.W.2d 952 (Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1993)
Liberty Mutual Insurance v. Sexton Foods Co.
854 S.W.2d 365 (Court of Appeals of Arkansas, 1993)
Chunn v. D'Agostino
847 S.W.2d 699 (Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1993)
Sheridan v. Struble
977 F.2d 1229 (Eighth Circuit, 1992)
Green v. Bell
826 S.W.2d 226 (Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1992)
Johnson v. Lilly
823 S.W.2d 883 (Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1992)
Grable v. Grable
821 S.W.2d 16 (Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1991)
Roark v. Roark
809 S.W.2d 822 (Court of Appeals of Arkansas, 1991)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
801 S.W.2d 32, 304 Ark. 133, 1990 Ark. LEXIS 604, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sullivan-v-edens-ark-1990.