State v. Rodriguez

742 A.2d 728, 1999 R.I. LEXIS 223, 1999 WL 1103336
CourtSupreme Court of Rhode Island
DecidedDecember 3, 1999
Docket98-500-C.A.
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 742 A.2d 728 (State v. Rodriguez) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Rhode Island primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Rodriguez, 742 A.2d 728, 1999 R.I. LEXIS 223, 1999 WL 1103336 (R.I. 1999).

Opinion

OPINION

PER CURIAM.

This case came before the Court for oral argument on November 8, 1999, pursuant to an order that directed both parties to appear and show cause why the issues raised by this appeal should not be summarily decided. After hearing the arguments of counsel and examining the memo-randa filed by the parties, we are of the opinion that cause has not been shown and that the issues raised by this appeal should be decided at this time.

On August 9, 1995, Detective Edward Leste (Leste), Detective Maurice Green (Green), and other members of the Providence police participated, in an undercover drug-buy operation. A confidential informant told the officers that if they placed a phone call to a certain pager number, then dialed a specific code number, a Hispanic male would deliver drugs to them on Briggs Street in Providence, Rhode Island.

Shortly before 10 p.m. that night Leste placed a call from a pay phone at the corner of Eddy and Ashmont Streets using the pager number and code number to order drugs. Leste, dressed in civilian clothing, drove his unmarked police car to Briggs Street. He parked, left the headlights on and the motor running, and waited. Approximately ten minutes later a Hispanic male riding a bicycle approached Leste’s car. Leste, at trial, identified this person as Anibal Rodriguez (defendant). The defendant told Leste to turn off his headlights. He then handed Leste a clear plastic bag of cocaine. Leste handed defendant two twenties and four ten-dollar bills totaling $80. The defendant then rode off on his bicycle on Briggs Street.

Leste notified the other police officers that a sale had occurred. He told them defendant was riding a blue bicycle and heading for Ashmont Street. By the time Leste arrived at Ashmont Street the other police officers had apprehended defendant. Leste identified defendant as the person from whom he bought cocaine, and then recovered the eighty dollars he had just given defendant.

The money had previously been marked by Leste. He had written his initials on each bill. The bills had then been photocopied by Green. At trial, Green testified that he witnessed the drug sale between defendant and Leste from about thirty yards away. After the sale Green entered a car with two other officers and searched for defendant. They encountered defendant on Ashmont Street. Green identified himself as a police officer. He then wrestled defendant to the ground and handcuffed him. The $80 that had been marked, photocopied, and given" to defendant by Leste was found in defendant’s right pocket.

The defendant was charged with delivering a controlled substance and resisting arrest. The trial justice granted defendant’s motion for judgment of acquittal on the resisting arrest charge, but denied this motion on the drug-delivery charge. A' Providence County Superior Court jury returned a guilty verdict on the drug-delivery charge. The trial justice sentenced defendant to a three-year suspended sentence.

On appeal defendant asserts that (1) his counsel was ineffective; (2) the prosecutor’s question to him on cross-examination was unfairly prejudicial; (8) the trial justice erred by denying his motion for judgment of acquittal on the drug- *731 delivery charge; and (4) the verdict in this case was against the weight of the evidence. Pursuant to an order dated September 22, 1999, this Court declined to review defendant’s argument about ineffective assistance of counsel because that assertion is not heard on direct appeal unless it is based on a specific ruling by the trial justice. Here, the argument of ineffectiveness was based on defendant’s attorney neglecting to file a motion for a new trial within ten days pursuant to Rule 33 of the Superior Court Rules of Criminal Procedure. Therefore, because this claim was not based on a ruling by the trial justice, this Court will not review it on direct appeal.

The defendant first argues that a question that the prosecutor asked him on cross-examination was so unfairly prejudicial that it deprived defendant of his due process right to a fair trial. The prosecutor asked defendant, “if you are convicted in this case, is it fair to say there is a reasonable chance you might be deported?” The defendant was from the Dominican Republic. He had lived in the United States for eight years. The defendant’s attorney objected to this question. The prosecutor argued that the question went to the witness’s motive to lie. The trial justice sustained the objection and told the jury not to consider any penalties that may result if the state proves its case. The defendant argues on appeal that this question was highly prejudicial and inflamed the jurors’ passions so that they could not objectively review the evidence.

This argument cannot be raised now because it was not raised during trial. At trial, defendant’s attorney did not move for a mistrial when objecting to this question. His objection was based on the question not being probative of defendant’s motive to lie. In State v. Gallagher, 654 A.2d 1206 (R.I.1995), the defendant did not move for a mistrial when the prosecutor asked an allegedly improper question. The trial justice in that case sustained the objection to the question and gave a cautionary instruction to the jury. This Court held that the failure to move for a mistrial prevents the issue of prosecutorial misconduct from being reviewed on appeal. We noted that this Court “review[s] the actions of the trial justice, not the actions of the prosecutor.” Id. at 1212.

In State v. Mastracchio, 546 A.2d 165 (R.I.1988), the defendant argued that the prosecutor’s remarks during closing arguments were prejudicial. We held that the issue was not preserved for appeal because defendant’s attorney failed to request a cautionary instruction or move for a mistrial. Here, defendant’s attorney neither requested a cautionary instruction, although the trial justice gave one, nor did he request , a motion for a mistrial. Therefore, the issue is waived.

However, the Court in Mastracchio did go on to consider whether the remarks were prejudicial. In that case we said that prejudice exists if the “prosecutor’s comment tends to inflame the jurors’ passions so as to prevent their objective examination of the evidence.” 546 A.2d at 174. Here, the mention (though improper) that defendant might be deported if he were convicted cannot be said to have inflamed the jurors’ passions to the point where they could not objectively weigh the evidence. The jurors also were given an instruction by the trial justice not to consider the consequences of a possible conviction. Based on the unlikelihood of the jurors’ passions being inflamed coupled with the trial justice’s cautionary instruction, we conclude that the effect of the question did not unfairly prejudice defendant and deny him his due process rights.

The defendant next argues that the trial justice abused his discretion in denying defendant’s motion for judgment of acquittal on the drug-delivery charge. At trial, defendant made a motion for judgment of acquittal on two separate occasions pursuant to Rule 29 of the Superior Court Rules of Criminal Procedure, first, at the close of the state’s case and, second, at the close of *732

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
742 A.2d 728, 1999 R.I. LEXIS 223, 1999 WL 1103336, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-rodriguez-ri-1999.