State v. Nauman

2014 MT 171N

• Court: Montana Supreme Court
• Decided: July 1, 2014
• Docket: 13-0010
• Status: Published

Opinion

July 1 2014

DA 13-0010

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA

2014 MT 171N

STATE OF MONTANA,

Plaintiff and Appellee,

v.

BRIAN VIRGIL NAUMAN,

Defendant and Appellant.

APPEAL FROM: District Court of the Eleventh Judicial District, In and For the County of Flathead, Cause No. DC 99-063C Honorable Stewart E. Stadler, Presiding Judge

COUNSEL OF RECORD:

For Appellant:

Wade Zolynski, Chief Appellate Defender, Lisa S. Korchinski, Assistant Appellate Defender, Helena, Montana

For Appellee:

Timothy C. Fox, Montana Attorney General, Tammy A. Hinderman, Assistant Attorney General, Helena, Montana

Ed Corrigan, Flathead County Attorney, Alison E. Howard, Deputy County Attorney, Kalispell, Montana

Submitted on Briefs: June 18, 2014 Decided: July 1, 2014

Filed:

__________________________________________ Clerk Justice Patricia Cotter delivered the Opinion of the Court.

¶1 Pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(d), Montana Supreme Court Internal Operating

Rules, this case is decided by memorandum opinion and shall not be cited and does not serve

as precedent. Its case title, cause number, and disposition shall be included in this Court’s

quarterly list of noncitable cases published in the Pacific Reporter and Montana Reports.

¶2 In January 2001, the Eleventh Judicial District Court, Flathead County, sentenced

Brian Nauman to Montana State Prison (MSP) for a term of 20 years with 10 years

suspended for the offense of felony sexual assault of a 12-year-old female. Nauman was

released from MSP in December 2010 and signed conditions of parole and probation that

would pertain to the suspended portion of his sentence. His parole conditions included

obtaining permission and approval from his parole officer before changing his address;

having no contact with minors without prior permission from his therapist or supervising

officer; not owning a computer or accessing the internet without prior permission, and

submitting to a warrantless search of his person, vehicle or residence at any time.

¶3 In August 2011, Nauman’s probation and parole officer, Kyle Hinzman, received a

call from a known confidential informant (CI) who revealed that Nauman was residing in a

home with multiple adults and young children and that he maintained a Facebook page on

which he communicated with young girls and posted pictures with them. Because this

conduct constituted a violation of Nauman’s parole conditions, the officer went to the home

to investigate. As Hinzman arrived, Nauman fled out the back door and hid in a wheat field.

The officer captured Nauman and put him in his patrol car. Hinzman then returned to the

2 house and asked the adult occupants if Nauman had a mobile phone. One of the occupants

provided two cell phones to Hinzman, reporting that they both belonged to Nauman.

¶4 As Hinzman was transporting Nauman to the detention center, Nauman denied

ownership of the telephones but provided Hinzman with the information necessary to access

Nauman’s Facebook page. Subsequent search of the cell phones and the Facebook page

revealed inappropriate communication with and photographs of children.

¶5 On August 22, 2011, the State filed a petition to revoke the suspended portion of

Nauman’s sentence based upon numerous alleged violations of his parole terms and

conditions. In February 2012, Nauman filed motions to suppress the evidence obtained from

the search of the cell phones and statements Nauman made to Hinzman. The District Court

denied both motions. In October 2012, the court revoked the suspension of Nauman’s

remaining prison term and ordered him to serve 10 years in prison, with 2 years suspended.

Nauman appeals the District Court’s denial of his motion to suppress the evidence obtained

from searching the cell phones. We affirm.

¶6 Nauman argues that Hinzman did not have reasonable cause to search the cell

phones and that such a search was beyond the scope of a search authorized by the rules of

probation. He asserts the search was unlawful and the evidence obtained should have been

suppressed.

¶7 The State counters that the search was both reasonable and lawful under Nauman’s

parole conditions because at the time Hinzman seized the cell phones, he believed based

upon visual evidence that Nauman was residing at the home. (This belief was later

confirmed by the occupants of the home.) A court is authorized to revoke a suspended

3 sentence if a single term or condition of the parolee’s sentence is violated. State v. Tirey,

2010 MT 283, ¶ 21, 358 Mont. 510, 247 P.3d 701. The State also maintains that there was

substantial evidence outside the evidence obtained from the cell phones that Nauman had

violated numerous terms and conditions of his sentence. As a result, the court did not err

when it denied Nauman’s motion to suppress the cell phone evidence.

¶8 The District Court’s order denying Nauman’s motion to suppress presented detailed

findings of fact that are clearly supported by the evidence presented to the court. The court

correctly concluded that a parolee has a “diminished expectation of privacy,” and that under

the “totality of the circumstances,” Hinzman “had reasonable cause to search” the cell

phones and Nauman’s Facebook account. State v. Smith, 2008 MT 7, ¶ 15, 341 Mont. 82,

176 P.3d 258, abrogated on other grounds, State v. Stops, 2013 MT 131, 370 Mont. 226, 301

P.3d 811. We further observe that even if the search of the cell phones was arguable error,

there was plenty of independent evidence to establish Nauman’s violation of his parole

restrictions. Therefore, the denial of Nauman’s motion to suppress was not error.

¶9 We have determined to decide this case pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(d) of our

Internal Operating Rules, which provides for noncitable memorandum opinions. The issue

in this case is legal and is controlled by settled Montana law which the District Court

correctly interpreted.

¶10 Affirmed.

/S/ PATRICIA COTTER

We Concur:

/S/ MIKE McGRATH

4 /S/ BETH BAKER /S/ LAURIE McKINNON /S/ JIM RICE