This memorandum opinion was not selected for publication in the New Mexico Appellate Reports. Please see Rule 12-405 NMRA for restrictions on the citation of unpublished memorandum opinions. Please also note that this electronic memorandum opinion may contain computer-generated errors or other deviations from the official paper version filed by the Court of Appeals and does not include the filing date.
1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO
2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO,
3 Plaintiff-Appellee,
4 v. NO. 34,573
5 GREGORY MITCHELL,
6 Defendant-Appellant.
7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF OTERO COUNTY 8 Angie K. Schneider, District Judge
9 Hector H. Balderas, Attorney General 10 Santa Fe, NM
11 for Appellee
12 Jorge A. Alvarado, Chief Public Defender 13 Will O’Connell, Assistant Appellate Defender 14 Santa Fe, NM
15 for Appellant
16 MEMORANDUM OPINION
17 VIGIL, Chief Judge.
18 {1} Defendant appeals from jury verdicts finding him guilty of DWI (8th offense),
19 driving while license suspended or revoked, reckless driving, and open container. [RP 1 192–99] This Court issued a calendar notice proposing to affirm. Defendant has filed
2 a memorandum opposing this Court’s proposed disposition, and has moved to amend
3 his docketing statement. Having given due consideration to Defendant’s arguments
4 in opposition, we affirm. Moreover, Defendant’s motion to amend his docketing
5 statement is GRANTED, and we remand to the district court for correction of the
6 judgment and sentence.
7 Motion to Amend the Docketing Statement
8 {2} Defendant moves to amend his docketing statement to include the issue that the
9 judgment and sentence erroneously states that he was convicted of false
10 imprisonment. [MIO 5; RP 304, 196] Upon review of the record, we agree with
11 Defendant that the statement in the judgment and sentence “that the defendant is guilty
12 of . . . Count 5: False Imprisonment, NMSA 1978[, § 30-4-3 (1963)], a fourth degree
13 felony[,]” was a typographical error. [RP 304] We remand to the district court for
14 correction of the judgment and sentence.
15 Arraignment
16 {3} Defendant continues to argue that his rights to due process and fair trial were
17 denied when he was not arraigned on the charge in the second superceding grand jury
18 indictment within fifteen days of the indictment. [MIO 6; DS 11] In support of his
19 continued contention, Defendant relies on State v. Franklin, 1967-NMSC-151, 78
20 N.M. 127, 428 P.2d 982, and State v. Boyer, 1985-NMCA-029, 103 N.M. 655, 712
2 1 P.2d 1. [MIO 6] Our notice observed that Defendant’s challenge to the indictment was
2 untimely, and that the proper avenue for Defendant to have raised a challenge with
3 respect to the indictment was before trial, via an interlocutory appeal, as opposed to
4 a direct appeal. [CN 3] Defendant acknowledges this in his memorandum in
5 opposition. [MIO 6] As Defendant raises no new arguments, facts, or law in support
6 of his continued contention, we affirm for the reasons set forth in our notice. See State
7 v. Sisneros, 1982-NMSC-068, ¶ 7, 98 N.M. 201, 647 P.2d 403 (“The opposing party
8 to summary disposition must come forward and specifically point out errors in fact
9 and in law.”).
10 Sufficiency of the Evidence
11 {4} Defendant continues to argue that insufficient evidence was presented to
12 support any of his convictions, pursuant to Franklin and Boyer. [MIO 6] Our notice
13 detailed the evidence presented in support of each of Defendant’s convictions. [CN
14 3–10] In response, Defendant’s memorandum in opposition asks this Court to reweigh
15 the evidence presented [MIO 7] and re-evalutate the credibility of a witness, Mr.
16 Coultas. [MIO 10] We decline Defendant’s invitation to do so, as that would be
17 contrary to the established principle that an appellate court does not reweigh the
18 evidence or second-guess the jury’s decision regarding the credibility of witnesses.
19 See State v. Garcia, 2011-NMSC-003, ¶ 5, 149 N.M. 185, 246 P.3d 1057; see also
20 State v. Foxen, 2001-NMCA-061, ¶ 17, 130 N.M. 670, 29 P.3d 1071 (providing that
3 1 conflicts in the evidence, including conflicts in the testimony of witnesses, are to be
2 resolved by the fact finder; stating that the fact finder is free to reject the defendant’s
3 version of events). Accordingly, for the reasons stated here and detailed in our notice,
4 we conclude that there was sufficient evidence to uphold Defendant’s convictions.
5 Diminished Capacity
6 {5} Defendant continues to argue that the district court erred by refusing to instruct
7 the jury on diminished capacity when there was evidence that Defendant’s BAC was
8 more than three times the legal limit. [MIO 10] In support of his continued contention,
9 Defendant relies upon Franklin and Boyer. [MIO 10] Our notice observed that
10 Defendant did not testify or present a defense, [RP 224] and the record proper did not
11 contain any evidence showing that Defendant’s intoxication rendered him incapable
12 of acting with intent. [CN 11] In response, Defendant notes that testimony was
13 presented from Dr. Hwang that his BAC “was sufficient to render a person comatose.”
14 [MIO 10] However, Defendant’s memorandum in opposition does not provide that
15 any information was presented specific to Defendant’s inability to act intentionally,
16 and further, does not specify which crime Defendant sought to receive a diminished
17 capacity instruction on. See State v. Romero, 1998-NMCA-057, ¶ 26, 125 N.M. 161,
18 958 P.2d 119 (explaining that “mere evidence that the defendant consumed an
19 intoxicant is not enough[,]” but that evidence typically must come from “witnesses
20 who observed the defendant’s behavior and demeanor at or near the time of the
4 1 crime[,]” and “[f]rom this kind of evidence a lay jury can apply common knowledge
2 and its own personal experience to assess the effects of intoxication on the defendant’s
3 ability to form the specific intent necessary for the crime charged”). We therefore
4 affirm for the reasons stated here and in our notice.
5 Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
6 {6} Defendant continues to argue that he received ineffective assistance of counsel.
7 [MIO 12] Defendant continues to argue this pursuant to Franklin and Boyer. [MIO 13]
8 Defendant acknowledges that the record on direct appeal does not contain sufficient
9 information to address these claims on the merits. [MIO 13] As our notice observed,
10 habeas proceedings are the preferred vehicle to raise claims of ineffective assistance
11 of counsel where the record on direct appeal is inadequate for a full review. State v.
12 Roybal, 2002-NMSC-027, ¶ 19, 132 N.M. 657, 54 P.3d 61; see also State v. Samora,
13 2013-NMSC-038, ¶ 23, 307 P.3d 328 (“Because we usually have insufficient
14 information before us to evaluate an ineffective assistance claim on direct appeal, as
15 in this case, this Court prefers that these claims be brought under habeas corpus
16 proceedings so that the defendant may actually develop the record with respect to
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This memorandum opinion was not selected for publication in the New Mexico Appellate Reports. Please see Rule 12-405 NMRA for restrictions on the citation of unpublished memorandum opinions. Please also note that this electronic memorandum opinion may contain computer-generated errors or other deviations from the official paper version filed by the Court of Appeals and does not include the filing date.
1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO
2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO,
3 Plaintiff-Appellee,
4 v. NO. 34,573
5 GREGORY MITCHELL,
6 Defendant-Appellant.
7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF OTERO COUNTY 8 Angie K. Schneider, District Judge
9 Hector H. Balderas, Attorney General 10 Santa Fe, NM
11 for Appellee
12 Jorge A. Alvarado, Chief Public Defender 13 Will O’Connell, Assistant Appellate Defender 14 Santa Fe, NM
15 for Appellant
16 MEMORANDUM OPINION
17 VIGIL, Chief Judge.
18 {1} Defendant appeals from jury verdicts finding him guilty of DWI (8th offense),
19 driving while license suspended or revoked, reckless driving, and open container. [RP 1 192–99] This Court issued a calendar notice proposing to affirm. Defendant has filed
2 a memorandum opposing this Court’s proposed disposition, and has moved to amend
3 his docketing statement. Having given due consideration to Defendant’s arguments
4 in opposition, we affirm. Moreover, Defendant’s motion to amend his docketing
5 statement is GRANTED, and we remand to the district court for correction of the
6 judgment and sentence.
7 Motion to Amend the Docketing Statement
8 {2} Defendant moves to amend his docketing statement to include the issue that the
9 judgment and sentence erroneously states that he was convicted of false
10 imprisonment. [MIO 5; RP 304, 196] Upon review of the record, we agree with
11 Defendant that the statement in the judgment and sentence “that the defendant is guilty
12 of . . . Count 5: False Imprisonment, NMSA 1978[, § 30-4-3 (1963)], a fourth degree
13 felony[,]” was a typographical error. [RP 304] We remand to the district court for
14 correction of the judgment and sentence.
15 Arraignment
16 {3} Defendant continues to argue that his rights to due process and fair trial were
17 denied when he was not arraigned on the charge in the second superceding grand jury
18 indictment within fifteen days of the indictment. [MIO 6; DS 11] In support of his
19 continued contention, Defendant relies on State v. Franklin, 1967-NMSC-151, 78
20 N.M. 127, 428 P.2d 982, and State v. Boyer, 1985-NMCA-029, 103 N.M. 655, 712
2 1 P.2d 1. [MIO 6] Our notice observed that Defendant’s challenge to the indictment was
2 untimely, and that the proper avenue for Defendant to have raised a challenge with
3 respect to the indictment was before trial, via an interlocutory appeal, as opposed to
4 a direct appeal. [CN 3] Defendant acknowledges this in his memorandum in
5 opposition. [MIO 6] As Defendant raises no new arguments, facts, or law in support
6 of his continued contention, we affirm for the reasons set forth in our notice. See State
7 v. Sisneros, 1982-NMSC-068, ¶ 7, 98 N.M. 201, 647 P.2d 403 (“The opposing party
8 to summary disposition must come forward and specifically point out errors in fact
9 and in law.”).
10 Sufficiency of the Evidence
11 {4} Defendant continues to argue that insufficient evidence was presented to
12 support any of his convictions, pursuant to Franklin and Boyer. [MIO 6] Our notice
13 detailed the evidence presented in support of each of Defendant’s convictions. [CN
14 3–10] In response, Defendant’s memorandum in opposition asks this Court to reweigh
15 the evidence presented [MIO 7] and re-evalutate the credibility of a witness, Mr.
16 Coultas. [MIO 10] We decline Defendant’s invitation to do so, as that would be
17 contrary to the established principle that an appellate court does not reweigh the
18 evidence or second-guess the jury’s decision regarding the credibility of witnesses.
19 See State v. Garcia, 2011-NMSC-003, ¶ 5, 149 N.M. 185, 246 P.3d 1057; see also
20 State v. Foxen, 2001-NMCA-061, ¶ 17, 130 N.M. 670, 29 P.3d 1071 (providing that
3 1 conflicts in the evidence, including conflicts in the testimony of witnesses, are to be
2 resolved by the fact finder; stating that the fact finder is free to reject the defendant’s
3 version of events). Accordingly, for the reasons stated here and detailed in our notice,
4 we conclude that there was sufficient evidence to uphold Defendant’s convictions.
5 Diminished Capacity
6 {5} Defendant continues to argue that the district court erred by refusing to instruct
7 the jury on diminished capacity when there was evidence that Defendant’s BAC was
8 more than three times the legal limit. [MIO 10] In support of his continued contention,
9 Defendant relies upon Franklin and Boyer. [MIO 10] Our notice observed that
10 Defendant did not testify or present a defense, [RP 224] and the record proper did not
11 contain any evidence showing that Defendant’s intoxication rendered him incapable
12 of acting with intent. [CN 11] In response, Defendant notes that testimony was
13 presented from Dr. Hwang that his BAC “was sufficient to render a person comatose.”
14 [MIO 10] However, Defendant’s memorandum in opposition does not provide that
15 any information was presented specific to Defendant’s inability to act intentionally,
16 and further, does not specify which crime Defendant sought to receive a diminished
17 capacity instruction on. See State v. Romero, 1998-NMCA-057, ¶ 26, 125 N.M. 161,
18 958 P.2d 119 (explaining that “mere evidence that the defendant consumed an
19 intoxicant is not enough[,]” but that evidence typically must come from “witnesses
20 who observed the defendant’s behavior and demeanor at or near the time of the
4 1 crime[,]” and “[f]rom this kind of evidence a lay jury can apply common knowledge
2 and its own personal experience to assess the effects of intoxication on the defendant’s
3 ability to form the specific intent necessary for the crime charged”). We therefore
4 affirm for the reasons stated here and in our notice.
5 Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
6 {6} Defendant continues to argue that he received ineffective assistance of counsel.
7 [MIO 12] Defendant continues to argue this pursuant to Franklin and Boyer. [MIO 13]
8 Defendant acknowledges that the record on direct appeal does not contain sufficient
9 information to address these claims on the merits. [MIO 13] As our notice observed,
10 habeas proceedings are the preferred vehicle to raise claims of ineffective assistance
11 of counsel where the record on direct appeal is inadequate for a full review. State v.
12 Roybal, 2002-NMSC-027, ¶ 19, 132 N.M. 657, 54 P.3d 61; see also State v. Samora,
13 2013-NMSC-038, ¶ 23, 307 P.3d 328 (“Because we usually have insufficient
14 information before us to evaluate an ineffective assistance claim on direct appeal, as
15 in this case, this Court prefers that these claims be brought under habeas corpus
16 proceedings so that the defendant may actually develop the record with respect to
17 defense counsel’s actions.” (internal quotation marks and citation omitted)). We
18 affirm for the reasons stated above and in our notice.
19 Prosecutorial Misconduct
5 1 {7} Defendant continues to argue that the district court erred by allowing the
2 prosecutor, at the sentencing hearing, to compare Defendant’s case to a murder case
3 in which the defendant received a life sentence, and also allowing the prosecutor to
4 use language throughout the trial that Defendant perceived to be prejudicial. [MIO 15;
5 CN 14; DS 11–12] Our notice observed that first, no objection was made at
6 sentencing, and second, Defendant failed to point this Court to any specific instances
7 of highly prejudicial language. [CN 14–15] Defendant provides no new factual or
8 legal arguments in response, and accordingly, we affirm. See Sisneros, 1982-NMSC-
9 068, ¶ 7 (“The opposing party to summary disposition must come forward and
10 specifically point out errors in fact and in law.”).
11 {8} For the reasons stated above and in this Court’s notice of proposed disposition,
12 we affirm and remand to the district court for correction of the judgment and sentence.
13 {9} IT IS SO ORDERED.
14 __________________________________ 15 MICHAEL E. VIGIL, Chief Judge
16 WE CONCUR:
17 _________________________________ 18 JONATHAN B. SUTIN, Judge
19 _________________________________ 20 J. MILES HANISEE, Judge