State v. Hadsell

878 P.2d 444, 129 Or. App. 171, 1994 Ore. App. LEXIS 1106
CourtCourt of Appeals of Oregon
DecidedJuly 20, 1994
Docket90-1607-M; CA A77711
StatusPublished
Cited by17 cases

This text of 878 P.2d 444 (State v. Hadsell) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Oregon primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Hadsell, 878 P.2d 444, 129 Or. App. 171, 1994 Ore. App. LEXIS 1106 (Or. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinions

[173]*173EDMONDS, J.

The state appeals after the trial court granted defendant’s motion to dismiss with prejudice, pursuant to ORS 135.775 and Article I, section 10, of the Oregon Constitution, the citation charging her with driving while under the influence of intoxicants. We reverse.

Defendant was arrested for driving while under the influence of intoxicants (DUII) on October 23, 1990. On November 4, she entered a plea of not guilty, signed a waiver of a speedy trial, and requested a trial by jury. On November 27, the trial court set trial for June 13, 1991. On June 11, defendant moved to continue the trial date so that a substitution of counsel could be made. Defendant’s motion was allowed, and the case was reset for trial on December 4,1991. On July 22,1991, defendant requested again that the trial be reset, and the matter was reset to November 7, 1991.

Defendant did not testify and presented no evidence during the trial on November 7. At the end of the trial, the court allowed her motion for a mistrial based on the ground that the prosecutor during closing argument had referred to her failure to produce evidence. On November 27, 1991, the trial court set the case for retrial on May 14,1992. On May 8, 1992, it became apparent that there was not a judge available to hear the case on May 14 because of a crowded docket. The court continued the trial on its own motion to August 5,1992. However, in late June, 1992, defendant moved to dismiss the charge, arguing that the charge should be dismissed in the furtherance of justice or, alternatively, that her right to a speedy trial had been violated under Article I, section 10, of the Oregon Constitution.1 An omnibus hearing was scheduled for July 31,1992, but was reset, at defendant’s request, to October 30, 1992. Following that hearing, the trial court granted defendant’s motion to dismiss.

[174]*174We are required to affirm the trial court on non-constitutional grounds, if possible, before reaching the constitutional issue. State v. Rodriguez, 317 Or 27, 31, 854 P2d 399 (1993). It appears from the remarks of the trial court that it based its ruling on defendant’s motion to dismiss in the furtherance of justice under ORS 135.755,2 because of the length of time that had elapsed from the date of the first trial, because of defendant’s claim that she was unable to procure necessary witnesses, because of its belief that evidence was unavailable to defendant because it had been destroyed, because of the belief that the case against defendant was weak and because defendant had incurred additional expense and inconvenience as the result of the mistrial.

We review the trial court’s decision for an abuse of discretion. “The discretion granted to trial courts by ORS 135.755 is not absolute. It is to be applied within the bounds of legal principles.” State v. Sharp, 28 Or App 429, 432, 559 P2d 930 (1977). We have said that dismissal under the statute is reserved for severe situations because the dismissal of a charging instrument frustrates the public interest in having the prosecution of crimes occur in order to promote the protection of the public and the rehabilitation of offenders. See State v. Sheperd, 21 Or App 52, 55, 533 P2d 353 (1975). In that light, we turn to defendant’s arguments as to why it is in the furtherance of justice to dismiss the charge.

Defendant points to the delay in bringing her to trial. From the date of the first scheduled trial, the length of the delay that is attributable to the state is between November 7, 1991, and August 5,1992, or less than nine months. According to defendant, that delay has resulted in her inability to call witnesses because they have moved to California and are “unavailable.” It is noteworthy that she did not call any witnesses at her first trial. On November 27, 1991, the trial court set the second trial for May 14, 1992. After the first trial, defendant says she considered changing her trial strategy. The evidence shows that the witnesses did not die or [175]*175disappear. Defendant first tried to contact them on May 8, 1992. As a result, she learned that one of them had been incarcerated in the Josephine County jail and recently released. In June, 1992, she discovered that the witness’ probation had been transferred to California. Further contact with the witnesses indicated they did not wish to travel from California to testify on defendant’s behalf. Although defendant concludes that the witnesses are unavailable, she does not explain why they cannot be summoned from California under the Uniform Act to Secure Attendance of Witnesses from Without a State in Criminal Proceedings (ORS 136.623 et seq) or why she waited until May of 1992 to contact them. Moreover, she does not assert that they are witnesses who are essential to her defense, nor does she demonstrate how their testimony would be helpful. Defendant’s motion acknowledges that fact when it says “Defendant decided to seriously consider calling [the passengers in her car] as witnesses at the second trial.” (Emphasis supplied.)

Her second argument is based on the nonexistence of a tape of a prior arrest that has been destroyed. Apparently, defendant desires to offer the tape into evidence in the second trial to show her performance of sobriety tests when her blood alcohol level was .09 percent in order to offer a comparison with her ability to perform the sobriety tests on this occasion. Purportedly, the evidence would discredit the .12 percent breath test result in this case. Assuming that such a comparison is admissible, defendant does not demonstrate why she couldn’t call the arresting officer to give the same testimony, or why the officer’s notes or alcohol interview report are not available from the earlier arrest.

The other circumstances argued by defendant and relied on by the trial court are that the case against defendant is weak and that defendant will incur additional legal expenses if tried again. The trial court said “even if we went to trial next week, there is some likelihood that this defendant would be found not guilty, or at least have a hung jury.” Defendant’s breathalyzer test result was .12 percent. The legal limit is .08 percent. ORS 813.010(l)(a). ORS 135.755 does not authorize a trial court to dismiss a charge because it perceives the state’s case to be weak. Even in the light of a motion for a directed verdict of acquittal, the state would be [176]*176entitled to have the case go to the jury when there is evidence, after viewing it in the light most favorable to the state, that is sufficient to justify a rational factfinder’s finding that the essential elements of the crime have been established beyond a reasonable doubt. State v. Garcia, 288 Or 413, 605 P2d 671 (1980). The trial court had no authority to preempt the state’s right to put on its case because it believed that the state’s case is w;eak.

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State v. Hadsell
878 P.2d 444 (Court of Appeals of Oregon, 1994)

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Bluebook (online)
878 P.2d 444, 129 Or. App. 171, 1994 Ore. App. LEXIS 1106, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-hadsell-orctapp-1994.